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More About This Textbook
Overview
In the early 1990s, Mayor Rudolph Giuliani launched a "zero-tolerance" campaign aimed at street disorders and petty offenders, incarnated by the infamous "squeegee man". New York City soon became a planetary showcase for an aggressive approach to law enforcement that, despite its extravagant costs and the absence of connection to the crime drop, came to be admired and imitated by other cities in the United States, Western Europe, and Latin America.
In Prisons of Poverty, Loic Wacquant tracks the incubation and internationalization of the slogans, theories, and measures composing this new punitive "common sense, " fashioned to curb mounting urban inequality and marginality in the metropolis. He finds that a network of Reagan-era conservative think tanks (led by the Manhattan Institute) forged them as weapons in their crusade to dismantle the welfare state and, in effect, to criminalize poverty. He traces their export and import through the agency of the media and the pro-market policy institutes that have mushroomed across the European Union, particularly in Tony Blair's Britain, and he shows how local academics helped smuggle U.S. techniques of penalization into their countries by dressing them up in scholarly garb.
Now available in English for the first time in an expanded edition, Prisons of Poverty reveals how the "Washington consensus" on economic deregulation and welfare retrenchment was extended to encompass punitive crime control because the "invisible hand" of the market necessitates and calls forth the "iron first" of the penal state.
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Meet the Author
Loïc Wacquant is professor of sociology at the University of California, Berkeley, and researcher at the Centre de sociologie européenne, Paris.
Table of Contents
Introduction: The Return of the Prison 1
1 How America Exports Its Penal Common Sense 7
Manhattan, Crucible of the New Penal Reason 10
The Globalization of "Zero Tolerance" 19
London, Trading Post and Acclimation Chamber 27
Importers and Collaborators 39
The Academic Pidgin of Neoliberal Penality 47
2 From Social State to Penal State: American Realities, European Possibilities 55
Penal Policy as Social Policy: Imprisoning America's Poor 58
Precarious Workers, Foreigners, Addicts: The Preferred "Clients" of European Prisons 87
Discipline and Punish at the Fin de Sieècle: Toward Social Panopticism 103
After Monetary Europe, Police and Penitentiary Europe? 121
3 The Great Penal Leap Backward: Incarceration in America from Nixon to Clinton 133
The Great American Carceral Boom 135
A Correctional Marshall Plan 139
The Crime-Incarceration Disconnect 144
The Demise of Rehabilitation and the Politicization of Crime 150
The Color of Punitiveness 155
Afterword: A Civic Sociology of Neoliberal Penality 161
Notes 177
Index 209