Public Sentinel: News Media and Governance Reform

What are the ideal roles the mass media should play as an institution to strengthen democratic governance and thus bolster human development? Under what conditions do media systems succeed or fail to meet these objectives? And what strategic reforms would close the gap between the democratic promise and performance of media systems?

Working within the notion of the democratic public sphere, Public Sentinel: News Media and Governance Reform emphasizes the institutional or collective roles of the news media as watchdogs over the powerful, as agenda setters calling attention to social needs in natural and human-caused disasters and humanitarian crises, and as gatekeepers incorporating a diverse and balanced range of political perspectives and social actors. Each is vital to making democratic governance work in an effective, transparent, inclusive, and accountable manner. The capacity of media systems-and thus individual reporters embedded within those institutions-to fulfill these roles is constrained by the broader context of the journalistic profession, the market, and ultimately the state.

Successive chapters apply these arguments to countries and regions worldwide. This study brought together a wide range of international experts under the auspices of the Communication for Governance and Accountability Program (CommGAP) at the World Bank and the Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy at Harvard University.

The book is designed for policy makers and media professionals working within the international development community, national governments, and grassroots organizations, and for journalists, democratic activists, and scholars engaged inunderstanding mass communications, democratic governance, and development.

The Communication for Governance & Accountability Program (CommGAP) seeks to promote good and accountable governance through the use of innovative communication approaches and techniques that strengthen the constitutive elements of the public sphere: engaged citizenries, vibrant civil societies plural and independent media systems, and open government institutions. Communication links these elements, forming a framework for national dialogue through which informed public opinion is shaped about key issues of public concern. CommGAP posits that sound analysis and understanding of the structural and process aspects of communication and their interrelationships make critical contributions to governance reform.

CommGAP is funded through a multi-donor trust fund. The founding donor of this trust fund is the UK's Department for International Development (DFID).

1113670182
Public Sentinel: News Media and Governance Reform

What are the ideal roles the mass media should play as an institution to strengthen democratic governance and thus bolster human development? Under what conditions do media systems succeed or fail to meet these objectives? And what strategic reforms would close the gap between the democratic promise and performance of media systems?

Working within the notion of the democratic public sphere, Public Sentinel: News Media and Governance Reform emphasizes the institutional or collective roles of the news media as watchdogs over the powerful, as agenda setters calling attention to social needs in natural and human-caused disasters and humanitarian crises, and as gatekeepers incorporating a diverse and balanced range of political perspectives and social actors. Each is vital to making democratic governance work in an effective, transparent, inclusive, and accountable manner. The capacity of media systems-and thus individual reporters embedded within those institutions-to fulfill these roles is constrained by the broader context of the journalistic profession, the market, and ultimately the state.

Successive chapters apply these arguments to countries and regions worldwide. This study brought together a wide range of international experts under the auspices of the Communication for Governance and Accountability Program (CommGAP) at the World Bank and the Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy at Harvard University.

The book is designed for policy makers and media professionals working within the international development community, national governments, and grassroots organizations, and for journalists, democratic activists, and scholars engaged inunderstanding mass communications, democratic governance, and development.

The Communication for Governance & Accountability Program (CommGAP) seeks to promote good and accountable governance through the use of innovative communication approaches and techniques that strengthen the constitutive elements of the public sphere: engaged citizenries, vibrant civil societies plural and independent media systems, and open government institutions. Communication links these elements, forming a framework for national dialogue through which informed public opinion is shaped about key issues of public concern. CommGAP posits that sound analysis and understanding of the structural and process aspects of communication and their interrelationships make critical contributions to governance reform.

CommGAP is funded through a multi-donor trust fund. The founding donor of this trust fund is the UK's Department for International Development (DFID).

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Public Sentinel: News Media and Governance Reform

Public Sentinel: News Media and Governance Reform

Public Sentinel: News Media and Governance Reform

Public Sentinel: News Media and Governance Reform

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Overview

What are the ideal roles the mass media should play as an institution to strengthen democratic governance and thus bolster human development? Under what conditions do media systems succeed or fail to meet these objectives? And what strategic reforms would close the gap between the democratic promise and performance of media systems?

Working within the notion of the democratic public sphere, Public Sentinel: News Media and Governance Reform emphasizes the institutional or collective roles of the news media as watchdogs over the powerful, as agenda setters calling attention to social needs in natural and human-caused disasters and humanitarian crises, and as gatekeepers incorporating a diverse and balanced range of political perspectives and social actors. Each is vital to making democratic governance work in an effective, transparent, inclusive, and accountable manner. The capacity of media systems-and thus individual reporters embedded within those institutions-to fulfill these roles is constrained by the broader context of the journalistic profession, the market, and ultimately the state.

Successive chapters apply these arguments to countries and regions worldwide. This study brought together a wide range of international experts under the auspices of the Communication for Governance and Accountability Program (CommGAP) at the World Bank and the Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy at Harvard University.

The book is designed for policy makers and media professionals working within the international development community, national governments, and grassroots organizations, and for journalists, democratic activists, and scholars engaged inunderstanding mass communications, democratic governance, and development.

The Communication for Governance & Accountability Program (CommGAP) seeks to promote good and accountable governance through the use of innovative communication approaches and techniques that strengthen the constitutive elements of the public sphere: engaged citizenries, vibrant civil societies plural and independent media systems, and open government institutions. Communication links these elements, forming a framework for national dialogue through which informed public opinion is shaped about key issues of public concern. CommGAP posits that sound analysis and understanding of the structural and process aspects of communication and their interrelationships make critical contributions to governance reform.

CommGAP is funded through a multi-donor trust fund. The founding donor of this trust fund is the UK's Department for International Development (DFID).


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780821382011
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Publication date: 11/19/2009
Sold by: Barnes & Noble
Format: eBook
Pages: 442
File size: 2 MB

Table of Contents

Foreword ix

About the Contributors xi

Preface and Acknowledgments xix

Abbreviations xxi

Part I Introduction: Framing the Debate 1

1 Evaluating Media Performance Pippa Norri sSina Odugbemi 3

2 Diagnostic Tools and Performance Indicators Andrew Puddephatt 31

Part II The Democratic Roles of Media Systems 57

Agenda Setters: Setting priorities

3 Media Coverage of Natural Disasters and Humanitarian Crises Susan D. Moeller 61

4 Media Agenda Setting and Donor Aid Douglas A. Van Belle 85

Watchdogs: Guarding Governance

5 Corruption and the Watchdog Role of the News Media Sheila S. Coronet 111

6 The Media, Government Accountability, and Citizen Engagement Katrin Voltmer 137

Gatkeepers: Inclusive Voices

7 Election Campaigns, Partisan Balance, and the News Media Holli A. Sernetko 163

8 Limits on Press Freedom and Regime Support Pippa Norris Ronald Inglehart 193

9 Media in the Peace-Building Process: Ethiopia and Iraq Monroe E. Price Ibrahim Al-Marashi Nicole A. Stremlau 221

Part III Regional Case Studies of Media Roles 243

10 Central and Eastern Europe Marius Dragomir 345

11 Sub-Saharan Africa Wisdom J. Tettey 277

12 Latin America Silvio Waisbord 305

13 Arab States Lawrence Pintak 329

14 Asia Angela Romano 353

Part IV Conclusions: Summing Up the Evidence, Identifying Effective Policy Options 377

15 Assessing the Extent to Which the News Media Act as Watchdogs, Agenda Setters, and Gatekeepers Sina Odugbemi Pippa Norris 379

16 Policy Recommendations Sina Odugbemi Pippa Norris 395

Bibliography 411

Index 417

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