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The essentials of satellite technology are explained, by giving an introduction to the fundamental topics such as orbits and trajectories, launch and in-orbit operations before going on to describe satellite hardware, communication techniques, multiple access techniques and link design. Topics range from the history and evolution of satellites, and the laws governing motion of artificial satellites around earth, to multiplexing techniques, satellite subsystems and link design fundamentals.
The coverage of satellite technology together with its applications make the book an essential reference book for professionals, R&D scientists and engineers and students at undergraduate and postgraduate level.
"This timely update of the 2007 edition incorporates the latest advances in satellite technology, with a new chapter on earth station design and particular focus on space-based weapons systems, satellite interference issues, and future trends in the field." (Booknews, 1 February 2011)
Table of Contents
PART I
SATELLITE TECHNOLOGY 1
1 Introduction to Satellites and Their Applications
1.1 Ever-expanding Application Spectrum
1.2 What is a Satellite?
1.3 History of the Evolution of Satellites
1.4 Evolution of Launch Vehicles
1.5 Future Trends
Further Reading
Glossary
2 Satellite Orbits and Trajectories
2.1 Definition of an Orbit and a Trajectory
2.2 Orbiting Satellites – Basic Principles
2.3 Orbital Parameters
2.4 Injection Velocity and Resulting Satellite Trajectories
2.5 Types of Satellite Orbits
Further Reading
Glossary
3 Satellite Launch and In-Orbit Operations
3.1 Acquiring the Desired Orbit
3.2 Launch Sequence
3.3 Orbital Perturbations
3.4 Satellite Stabilization
3.5 Orbital Effects on Satellite’s Performance
3.6 Eclipses
3.7 Look Angles of a Satellite
3.8 Earth Coverage and Ground Tracks
Further Reading
Glossary
4 Satellite Hardware
4.1 Satellite Subsystems
4.2 Mechanical Structure
4.3 Propulsion Subsystem
4.4 Thermal Control Subsystem
4.5 Power Supply Subsystem
4.6 Attitude and Orbit Control
4.6.1 Attitude Control
4.6.2 Orbit Control
4.7 Tracking, Telemetry and Command Subsystem
4.8 Payload
4.9 Antenna Subsystem
4.10 Space Qualification and Equipment Reliability
Further Reading
Glossary
5 Communication Techniques
5.1 Types of Information Signals
5.2 Amplitude Modulation
5.3 Frequency Modulation
5.4 Pulse Communication Systems
5.5 Sampling Theorem
5.6 Shannon–Hartley Theorem
5.7 Digital Modulation Techniques
5.8 Multiplexing Techniques
Further Reading
Glossary
6 Multiple Access Techniques
6.1 Introduction to Multiple Access Techniques
6.2 Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA)
6.3 Single Channel per Carrier (SCPC) Systems
6.4 Multiple Channels Per Carrier (MCPC) Systems
6.5 Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)
6.6 TDMA Frame Structure
6.7 TDMA Burst Structure
6.8 Computing Unique Word Detection Probability
6.9 TDMA Frame Efficiency
6.10 Control and Coordination of Traffic
6.11 Frame Acquisition and Synchronization
6.12 FDMA vs. TDMA
6.13 Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
6.14 Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)
Further Reading
Glossary
7 Satellite Link Design Fundamentals
7.1 Transmission Equation
7.2 Satellite Link Parameters
7.3 Frequency Considerations
7.4 Propagation Considerations
7.5 Techniques to Counter Propagation Effects
7.6 Noise Considerations
7.7 Interference-related Problems
7.8 Antenna Gain-to-noise Temperature (G/T) Ratio
7.9 Link Design
Further Reading
Glossary
8 Earth Station
Further Reading
Glossary
PART II
SATELLITE APPLICATIONS
9 Communication Satellites
9.1 Introduction to Communication Satellites
9.2 Communication-Related Applications of Satellites
9.3 Frequency Bands
9.4 Payloads
9.5 Satellite versus Terrestrial Networks
9.6 Satellite Telephony
9.7 Satellite Television
9.8 Satellite Radio
9.9 Satellite Data Communication Services
9.10 Important Missions
9.11 Future Trends
Further Reading
Glossary
10 Remote Sensing Satellites
10.1 Remote Sensing – An Overview
10.2 Classification of Satellite Remote Sensing Systems
10.3 Remote Sensing Satellite Orbits
10.4 Remote Sensing Satellite Payloads
10.5 Passive Sensors
10.6 Active Sensors
10.7 Types of Images
10.8 Image Classification
10.9 Image Interpretation
10.10 Applications of Remote Sensing Satellites
10.11 Major Remote Sensing Missions
10.12 Future Trends
Further Reading
Glossary
11 Weather Satellites
11.1 Weather Forecasting – An Overview
11.2 Weather Forecasting Satellite Fundamentals 11.3 Images from Weather Forecasting Satellites
11.4 Weather Forecasting Satellite Orbits
11.5 Weather Forecasting Satellite Payloads
11.6 Image Processing and Analysis
11.7 Weather Forecasting Satellite Applications
11.8 Major Weather Forecasting Satellite Missions
11.9 Future of Weather Forecasting Satellite Systems
Further Reading
Glossary
12 Navigation Satellites
12.1 Development of Satellite Navigation Systems
12.2 Global Positioning System (GPS)
12.3 Working Principle of the GPS
12.4 GPS Positioning Services and Positioning Modes
12.5 GPS Error Sources
12.6 GLONASS Satellite System
12.7 GPS-GLONASS Integration
12.8 Applications of Satellite Navigation Systems
12.9 Future of Satellite Navigation Systems
Further Reading
Glossary
13 Scientific Satellites
13.1 Satellite-Based versus Ground-Based Scientific Techniques
13.2 Payloads on Board Scientific Satellites
13.3 Applications of Scientific Satellites – Study of Earth
13.4 Observation of the Earth’s Environment
13.5 Astronomical Observations
13.6 Missions for Studying Planets of the Solar System
13.7 Missions Beyond the Solar System
13.8 Other Fields of Investigation
13.9 Future Trends
Further Reading
Glossary
14 Military Satellites
14.1 Military Satellites – An Overview
14.2 Satellite Military Communication
14.3 Development of Military Communication Satellite Systems
14.4 Frequency Spectrum Utilized by Military Communication Satellite
Systems
14.5 Dual-use Military Satellite Communication Satellite Systems
14.6 Reconnaissance Satellites
14.7 SIGINT Satellites
14.8 Early Warning Satellites
14.9 Nuclear Explosion Satellites
14.10 Military Weather Forecasting Satellites
14.11 Military Navigation Satellites
14.12 Space Weapons
14.13 Strategic Defence Initiative
14.14 Directed Energy Laser Weapons
14.15 Advanced Concepts
Further Reading
Glossary
Subject Index
Overview
The essentials ...