Science and Values: An Essay on the Aims of Science and Their Role in Scientific Debate

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Laudan constructs a fresh approach to a longtime problem for the philosopher of science: how to explain the simultaneous and widespread presence of both agreement and disagreement in science. Laudan critiques the logical empiricists and the post-positivists as he stresses the need for centrality and values and the interdependence of values, methods, and facts as prerequisites to solving the problems of consensus and dissent in science.

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Overview

Laudan constructs a fresh approach to a longtime problem for the philosopher of science: how to explain the simultaneous and widespread presence of both agreement and disagreement in science. Laudan critiques the logical empiricists and the post-positivists as he stresses the need for centrality and values and the interdependence of values, methods, and facts as prerequisites to solving the problems of consensus and dissent in science.

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Product Details

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments ix
Preface xi
1 Two Puzzles about Science: Reflections on Some Crises in Philosophy and Sociology of Science 1
The Consensual View and the Puzzle of Agreement 3
The "New Wave" Preoccupation with Dissensus 13
2 The Hierarchical Structure of Scientific Debates 23
Factual Consensus Formation 26
Methodological Consensus Formation 33
3 Closing the Evaluative Circle: Resolving Disagreements about Cognitive Values 42
The Covariance Fallacy 43
The Reticulated Model and the Mechanics of Goal Evaluation 50
The Reticulated Model of Scientific Rationality 62
4 Dissecting the Holist Picture of Scientific Change 67
Kuhn on the Units of Scientific Change 68
Kuhn's Critique of Methodology 87
5 A Reticulational Critique of Realist Axiology and Methodology 103
Epilogue 138
References 141
Index 145
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