Scientific Authorship: Credit and Intellectual Property in Science / Edition 1

by Mario Biagioli, Peter Galison

Overview

Since the seventeenth century our ideas of scientific authorship have expanded and changed dramatically. In this ambitious volume of new work, Mario Biagioli and Peter Galison have brought together historians of science, literary historians, and historians of the book. Together they track the changing nature and identity of the author in science, both historically and conceptually, from the emergence of scientific academies in the age of Galileo to concerns with large-scale multiauthorship and intellectual property rights in the age of cloning labs and pharmaceutical giants. How, for example, do we decide whether a chemical compound is discovered or invented? What does it mean to patent genetic material? Documenting the emergence of authorship in the late medieval period, authorship's limits and its fragmentation, Scientific Authorship offers a collective history of a complex relationship.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780415942935
Publisher:	Taylor & Francis
Publication date:	11/27/2002
Edition description:	New Edition
Pages:	394
Product dimensions:	6.00(w) x 9.00(h) x (d)
Age Range:	18 Years

About the Author

Mario Biagioli is Professor of the History of Science at Harvard and author of Galileo, Courtier. He is editor of The Science Studies Reader (Routledge). Peter Galison is Mallinkrodt Professor of the History of Science at Harvard. He is the author of several books, including Image and Logic and is editor, with Caroline Jones, of Picturing Science, Producing Art (Routledge).

Table of Contents

	Acknowledgments	VII
	Introduction	1
Part I	Emergence of Authorship
1.	Foucault's Chiasmus: Authorship between Science and Literature in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries	13
2.	Butter for Parsnips: Authorship, Audience, and the Incomprehensibility of the Principia	33
3.	The Ambivalence of Authorship in Early Modern Natural Philosophy	67
4.	The Uses of Anonymity in the Age of Reason	91
5.	Can Artisans Be Scientific Authors? The Unique Case of Fraunhofer's Artisanal Optics and the German Republic of Letters	113
6.	"A Very Hard Nut to Crack" or Making Sense of Maxwell's Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism in Mid-Victorian Cambridge	133
Part II	Limits of Authorship
7.	Emergent Relations	165
8.	Beyond Authorship: Refiguring Rights in Traditional Culture and Bioknowledge	195
9.	Uncommon Controversies: Legal Mediations of Gift and Market Models of Authorship	225
Part III	The Fragmentation of Authorship
10.	Rights or Rewards? Changing Frameworks of Scientific Authorship	253
11.	The Death of the Authors of Death: Prestige and Creativity among Nuclear Weapons Scientists	281
12.	"Discourses of Circumstance" A Note on the Author in Science	309
13.	The Collective Author	325
Part IV	Commentaries
	End Credits	359
	What Is Not a Scientific Author?	369
	Contributors	373
	Index	375

Editorial Reviews

"'What is an author?' is a question that has been central to cultural and literary studies for almost thirty years. This collection of essays open up genuinely new perspectives on this question and shows us how much science studies has to contribute to fundamental issues in the humanities." — Arnold I. Davidson, University of Chicago

From the Publisher