Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Materials and Mediums 8
Drawing Mediums and Drawing Tools 10
Graphite 12
Charcoal 14
Conte 16
Colored Pencils 18
Pastel 21
Drawing Pens 23
Ink 26
Drawing Surfaces y 29
Chapter 2 Line and Tone 34
Working With Line and Tone38 Hard-line Drawings 36
Soft-Line Drawings 40
Combining Hard and Soft Lines 41
Contour Lines 42
Descriptive Lines 44
Line Variations 46
Tone 48
Value 50
Using Value to Create Form 52
Postive and Negative Shapes 54
Understanding Light and Shadow 56
Lost and Found Edges 57
Adding Tonal Accents 58
Aesthetic Marks 59
Local Tone 60
Combining Line and Tone 61
Style and Intent 62
Chapter 3 Perspective and proportion 64
What is Perspective? 66
Point of View 67
Using Depth to Show Perspective 68
One-Point Perspective 69
Two-Point Perspective 70
Three-Point Perspective 71
What is Proportion? 72
Using Tick Marks 74
Using Size Relationships 75
Using a Grid 76
Using Visual Landmarks 78
Chapter 4 Drawing as Preliminary Studies and as Finished Art 80
Preliminary Studies and Sketches 82
Sketch to Solve Problems 83
Rough Sketches 84
Reference Sketches 85
Drawings as Finished Art 87
Refining a Drawing 88
Matting 90
Framing 92
Conclusion 94