Table of Contents
Preface
CHAPTER ONE - Advancing toward Photography: The Birth of Modernity
A Desire for Visual Representation Perspective Thinking of Photography Camera Vision The Demand for Picturemaking Systems Proto-Photographers: Chemical Action of Light Modernity: New Visual Realities Optical Devices Images through Light: A Struggle for Permanence Other Distinct Originators
CHAPTER TWO - The Daguerreotype: Image and Object What Is a Daguerreotype? The Daguerreotype Comes to America The Early Practitioners Early Daguerrean Portrait Making Technical Improvements Expanding U.S. Portrait Studios The Art of the Daguerrean Portrait Daguerrean Portrait Galleries and Picture Factories African-American Operators Rural Practice Post-Mortem Portraits The Daguerreotype and the Landscape The Daguerreotype and Science
CHAPTER THREE - Calotype Rising: The Arrival of Photography The Calotype Early Calotype Activity Calotypists Establish a Practice Calotype and Architecture: Mission Heliographique The End of the Calotype and the Future of Photography
CHAPTER FOUR - Pictures on Glass: The Wet-Plate ProcessThe Albumen Process The New Transparent Look The Ambrotype Pictures on Tin The Carte-de-Visite and the Photo Album The Cabinet Photograph: The Picture Gets Bigger The Studio Tradition Retouching and Enlargements The Stereoscope The Stereo Craze
CHAPTER FIVE - Prevailing Events/Picturing Calamity Current Events Early War Coverage The American Civil War How Photographs Were Circulated
CHAPTER SIX - A New Medium of CommunicationPhotography: Art or Industry?Discovering a Photographic Language Americans and the Art of Nature Positivism
CHAPTER SEVEN - Standardizing the Practice: A Transparent Truth Mechanical Photography The Traveling Camera Picturing Industrialization Urban Life The American West: The Narrative and the Sublime
CHAPTER EIGHT - New Ways of Visualizing Time and SpaceThe Inadequacy of Human Vision Locomotion Transforming Aesthetics: Technical Breakthroughs The Hand-Held Camera and the Snapshot Time and Motion as an Extended Continuum Moving Pictures Color and Photography
CHAPTER NINE - Suggesting the Subject: The Evolution of Pictorialism Roots of Pictorialism Pictorialism and Naturalism The Development of Pictorial Effect The Secession Movement and the Rise of Photography ClubsThe Aesthetic Club Movement Working Pictorially: A Variety of Approaches American Perspectives The Photo-Secession The Decadent Movement and Tonalism Women Pictorialists The Pictorial Epoch/The Stieglitz Group The Decline of Pictorialism
CHAPTER TEN - Modernism's InnovationsIndustrial BeautyCubism High and Low Art Futurism Time, Movement, and the Machine Towards a Modern Practice: Distilling FormDada Exploring Space and Time: The Return of the PhotogramSurrealism Collage Suprematism Art, Technology, and a New Faith Paul Strand and Straight Photography: Purity of Use
CHAPTER ELEVEN - The New Culture of Light Teaching Modernism: The American Impulse Stieglitz's "Equivalents" Steichen Goes Commercial Form as Essence Straight, Modernistic Photography Film und Foto and New Objectivity Experimentally Modern New Vision Pathways of Light: Time, Space, and Form Surrealistic Themes
CHAPTER TWELVE - Social Documents An American Urge: Social Uplift Ethnological Approaches Emerging Ethnic Consciousness The Physiognomic Approach The Great Depression: The Economics of Photography The FAP Project: Changing New York The Photo Booth: Self-Portraits for AllMass Observation The Film and Photo League
CHAPTER THIRTEEN - Nabbing TimeAnticipating the Moment
CHAPTER FOURTEEN - From Halftones to BytesPictures and Printers Ink The Photo Magazine The Separation of Art and Commerce: Advertising and FashionNewspapers War Reportage The New Subjective Journalism Bytes of News
CHAPTER FIFTEEN - The Atomic Age: New Light/Fresh Methods The Surrealistic Metaphor The Photograph as Spirit Photo Education as Self-Expression Family of Man Photography and Alienation Making a Big Jump The Subjective Documentary The Terror of Riches
CHAPTER SIXTEEN - New Frontiers: Expanding BoundariesStructuralism: Reading a Photograph The Found Image: The Beginnings of Postmodernism The Rise of Pop Art Challenging the Code The Social Landscape New Journalism Multiple Points of View The Rapid Growth of Photographic Education
CHAPTER SEVENTEEN - Changing Realities Alternative Visions Turning the Straight Photograph on Itself Personal Accounts: Documentary Fiction The Snapshot Post-Structuralism/New Topographics The Rephotographic Survey Project/Time Changes Color Rising Artists' Books Reconfiguring Information Expanding Markets Critical Writing
CHAPTER EIGHTEEN - Thinking About Photography Conceptual Art: The Act of Choosing Performance Art A Return to Typologies Postmodernism Deconstructing Myths Gender Issues Fabrication Altering Time and Space Investigating the Body Multiculturalism: Exploring Identity & History A Personal Cultural Landscape The Digital Future Is NowThe Postphotographic Age
Bibliography
Individual Artists
Technology
Sources of Artists Books
Index
