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Overview
The Ender Saga continues with Shadow of the Giant, which parallels the events of Ender's Game from a different character’s point of view.
Bean's past was a battle just to survive. He first appeared on the streets of Rotterdam, a tiny child with a mind leagues beyond anyone else. He knew he could not survive through strength; he used his tactical genius to gain acceptance into a children's gang, and then to help make that gang a template for success for all the others. He civilized them, and lived to grow older. Then he was discovered by the recruiters for the Battle School.
For Earth was at war - a terrible war with an inscrutable alien enemy. A war that humanity was near to losing. But the long distances of interstellar space has given hope to the defenders of Earth - they had time to train military geniuses up from childhood, forging them into an irresistible force in the high-orbital facility called the Battle School. That story is told in two books, Orson Scott Card's beloved classic Ender's Game, and its parallel, Ender's Shadow. Now, in Shadow of the Giant, Bean's story continues.
Bean was the smallest student at the Battle School, but he became Ender Wiggins' right hand, Since then he has grown to be a power on Earth. He served the Hegemon as strategist and general in the terrible wars that followed Ender's defeat of the alien empire attacking Earth. Now he and his wife Petra yearn for a safe place to build a family - something he has never known - but there is nowhere on Earth that does not harbor his enemies - old enemies from the days in Ender's Jeesh, new enemies from the wars on Earth. To find security, Bean and Petra must once again follow in Ender's footsteps. They must leave Earth behind, in the control of the Hegemon, and look to the stars.
THE ENDER UNIVERSE
Ender series
Ender’s Game / Speaker for the Dead / Xenocide / Children of the Mind / Ender in Exile / Children of the Fleet
Ender’s Shadow series
Ender’s Shadow / Shadow of the Hegemon / Shadow Puppets / Shadow of the Giant / Shadows in Flight
The First Formic War (with Aaron Johnston)
Earth Unaware / Earth Afire / Earth Awakens
The Second Formic War (with Aaron Johnston)
The Swarm / The Hive
Ender novellas
A War of Gifts / First Meetings
At the Publisher's request, this title is being sold without Digital Rights Management Software (DRM) applied.
Product Details
| ISBN-13: | 9781429963916 |
|---|---|
| Publisher: | Tor Publishing Group |
| Publication date: | 11/30/2009 |
| Series: | Ender's Shadow Series , #4 |
| Sold by: | Macmillan |
| Format: | eBook |
| Pages: | 368 |
| Sales rank: | 107,251 |
| File size: | 353 KB |
About the Author
Orson Scott Card is best known for his science fiction novel Ender's Game and it's many sequels that expand the Ender Universe into the far future and the near past. Those books are organized into The Ender Saga, the five books that chronicle the life of Ender Wiggin; the Shadow Series, that follows on the novel Ender's Shadow and are set on Earth; and the Formic Wars series, written with co-author Aaron Johnston, that tells of the terrible first contact between humans and the alien "Buggers".
Card has been a working writer since the 1970s. Beginning with dozens of plays and musical comedies produced in the 1960s and 70s, Card's first published fiction appeared in 1977--the short story "Gert Fram" in the July issue of The Ensign, and the novelette version of "Ender's Game" in the August issue of Analog.
The novel-length version of Ender's Game, published in 1984 and continuously in print since then, became the basis of the 2013 film, starring Asa Butterfield, Harrison Ford, Ben Kingsley, Hailee Steinfeld, Viola Davis, and Abigail Breslin.
Card was born in Washington state, and grew up in California, Arizona, and Utah. He served a mission for the LDS Church in Brazil in the early 1970s. Besides his writing, he runs occasional writers' workshops and directs plays. He frequently teaches writing and literature courses at Southern Virginia University.
He is the author many sf and fantasy novels, including the American frontier fantasy series "The Tales of Alvin Maker" (beginning with Seventh Son), There are also stand-alone science fiction and fantasy novels like Pastwatch and Hart's Hope. He has collaborated with his daughter Emily Card on a manga series, Laddertop. He has also written contemporary thrillers like Empire and historical novels like the monumental Saints and the religious novels Sarah and Rachel and Leah. Card's recent work includes the Mithermages books (Lost Gate, Gate Thief), contemporary magical fantasy for readers both young and old.
Card lives in Greensboro, North Carolina, with his wife, Kristine Allen Card, He and Kristine are the parents of five children and several grandchildren.
Orson Scott Card is best known for his science fiction novel Ender's Game and its many sequels that expand the Ender Universe into the far future and the near past. Those books are organized into the Ender Saga, which chronicles the life of Ender Wiggin; the Shadow Series, which follows on the novel Ender's Shadow and is set on Earth; and the Formic Wars series, written with co-author Aaron Johnston, which tells of the terrible first contact between humans and the alien "Buggers." Card has been a working writer since the 1970s. Beginning with dozens of plays and musical comedies produced in the 1960s and 70s, Card's first published fiction appeared in 1977--the short story "Gert Fram" in the July issue of The Ensign, and the novelette version of "Ender's Game" in the August issue of Analog. The novel-length version of Ender's Game, published in 1984 and continuously in print since then, became the basis of the 2013 film, starring Asa Butterfield, Harrison Ford, Ben Kingsley, Hailee Steinfeld, Viola Davis, and Abigail Breslin.
Card was born in Washington state, and grew up in California, Arizona, and Utah. He served a mission for the LDS Church in Brazil in the early 1970s. Besides his writing, he runs occasional writers' workshops and directs plays. He frequently teaches writing and literature courses at Southern Virginia University.
He is the author many science fiction and fantasy novels, including the American frontier fantasy series "The Tales of Alvin Maker" (beginning with Seventh Son), and stand-alone novels like Pastwatch and Hart's Hope. He has collaborated with his daughter Emily Card on a manga series, Laddertop. He has also written contemporary thrillers like Empire and historical novels like the monumental Saints and the religious novels Sarah and Rachel and Leah. Card's work also includes the Mithermages books (Lost Gate, Gate Thief), contemporary magical fantasy for readers both young and old.
Card lives in Greensboro, North Carolina, with his wife, Kristine Allen Card. He and Kristine are the parents of five children and several grandchildren.
Hometown:
Greensboro, North CarolinaDate of Birth:
August 24, 1951Place of Birth:
Richland, WashingtonEducation:
B.A. in theater, Brigham Young University, 1975; M.A. in English, University of Utah, 1981Website:
http://www.hatrack.comRead an Excerpt
SHADOW OF THE GIANT (Chapter 1: MANDATE OF HEAVEN)
Han Tzu waited until the armored car was completely out of sight before he ventured out into the bicycle-and-pedestrian-packed street. Crowds could make you invisible, but only if you were moving in the same direction, and that's the thing Han Tzu had never really been able to do, not since he came home to China from Battle School.
He always seemed to be moving, not upstream, but crossways. As if he had a completely different map of the world from the one everyone around him was using.
And here he was again, dodging bikes and forward-pressing people on their ten thousand errands in order to get from the doorway of his apartment building to the door of the tiny restaurant across the street.
But it was not as hard as it would have been for most people. Han Tzu had mastered the art of using only his peripheral vision, so his eyes stared straight ahead. Without eye contact, the others on the street could not face him down, could not insist that he yield the right of way. They could only dodge him, as if he were a boulder in the stream.
He put his hand to the door and hesitated. He did not know why he had not been arrested and killed or sent for retraining already, but if he was photographed taking this meeting, then it would be easy to prove that he was a traitor.
Then again, his enemies didn't need evidence to convict--all they needed was the inclination. So he opened the door, listened to the tinkle of the little bell, and walked toward the back of the narrow corridor between booths.
He knew he shouldn't expect Graff himself. For the Minister of Colonization to come to Earth would be news, and Graff avoided news unless it was useful to him, which this would certainly not be. So whom would Graff send? Someone from Battle School, undoubtedly. A teacher? Another student? Someone from Ender's Jeesh? Would this be a reunion?
To his surprise, the man in the last booth sat with his back toward the door, so all Han Tzu could see was his curly steel-grey hair. Not Chinese. And from the color of his ears, not European. The pertinent fact, though, was that he was not facing the door and could not see Han Tzu's approach. However, once Han Tzu sat down, he would be facing the door, able to observe the whole room.
That was the smart way to do it--after all, Han Tzu was the one who would recognize trouble if it came in the door, not this foreigner, this stranger. But few operatives on a mission this dangerous would have the brass to turn their backs on the door just because the person they were meeting would be a better observer.
The man did not turn as Han Tzu approached. Was he unobservant, or supremely confident?
"Hello," the man said softly just as Han Tzu came up beside him. "Please sit down."
Han Tzu slid into the booth opposite him and knew that he knew this old man but could not name him.
"Please don't say my name," said the man softly.
"Easy," said Han Tzu. "I don't remember it."
"Oh, yes you do," said the man. "You just don't remember my face. You haven't seen me very often. But the leader of the Jeesh spent a lot of time with me."
Now Han Tzu remembered. Those last weeks in Command School--on Eros, when they thought they were in training but were really leading far-off fleets in the endgame of the war against the Hive Queens. Ender, their commander, had been kept separate from them, but they learned afterward that an old half-Maori cargo-ship captain had been working closely with him. Training him. Goading him. Pretending to be his opponent in simulated games.
Mazer Rackham. The hero who saved the human race from certain destruction in the Second Invasion. Everyone thought he died in the war, but he had been sent out on a meaningless voyage at near-lightspeed, so that relativistic effects would keep him alive so he'd be there for the last battles of the war.
He was ancient history twice over. That time on Eros as a part of Ender's Jeesh seemed like another lifetime. And Mazer Rackham had been the most famous man in the world for decades before that.
Most famous man in the world, but almost nobody knew his face.
"Everyone knows you piloted the first colony ship," said Han Tzu.
"We lied," said Mazer Rackham.
Han Tzu accepted that and waited in silence.
"There is a place for you as head of a colony," said Rackham. "A former Hive world, with mostly Han Chinese colonists and many interesting challenges for a leader. The ship leaves as soon as you board it."
That was the offer. The dream. To be out of the turmoil of Earth, the devastation of China. Instead of waiting to be executed by the angry and feeble Chinese government, instead of watching the Chinese people writhe under the heel of the Muslim conquerors, he could board a beautiful clean starship and let them fling him out into space, to a world where human feet had never stepped, to be the founding leader of a colony that would hold his name in reverence forever. He would marry, have children, and, in all likelihood, be happy.
"How long do I have to decide?" asked Han Tzu.
Rackham glanced at his watch, then looked back at him without answering.
"Not a very long window of opportunity," said Han Tzu.
Rackham shook his head.
"It's a very attractive offer," said Han Tzu.
Rackham nodded.
"But I wasn't born for such happiness," said Han Tzu. "The present government of China has lost the mandate of heaven. If I live through the transition, I might be useful to the new government."
"And that's what you were born for?" asked Rackham.
"They tested me," said Han Tzu, "and I'm a child of war."
Rackham nodded. Then he reached inside his jacket and took out a pen and laid it on the table.
"What's that?" asked Han Tzu.
"The mandate of heaven," said Rackham.
Han Tzu knew then that the pen was a weapon. Because the mandate of heaven was always bestowed in blood and war.
"The items in the cap are extremely delicate," said Rackham. "Practice with round toothpicks."
Then he got up and walked out the back door of the restaurant.
No doubt there was some kind of transport waiting there.
Han Tzu wanted to leap to his feet and run after him so he could be taken out into space and set free of all that lay ahead.
Instead he put his hand over the pen and slid it across the table, then put it into the pocket of his trousers. It was a weapon. Which meant Graff and Rackham expected him to need a personal weapon soon. How soon?
Han Tzu took six toothpicks out of the little dispenser that stood on the table against the wall, beside the soy sauce. Then he got up and went to the toilet.
He pulled the cap off the pen very carefully, so he didn't spill out the four feather-ended poison darts bunched in it. Then he unscrewed the top of the pen. There were four holes there, besides the central shaft that held the tube of ink. The mechanism was cleverly designed to rotate automatically with each discharge. A blow-gun revolver.
He loaded four toothpicks into the four slots. They fit loosely. Then he screwed the pen back together.
The fountain pen writing tip covered the hole where the darts would emerge. When he held the top of the pen in his mouth, the point of the writing tip served as the sighting device. Point and shoot.
Point and blow.
He blew.
The toothpick hit the back wall of the bathroom more or less where he was aiming, only a foot lower. Definitely a close-range weapon.
He used up the rest of the toothpicks learning how high to aim in order to hit a target six feet away. The room wasn't large enough for him to practice aiming at anything farther. Then he gathered up the toothpicks, threw them away, and carefully loaded the pen with the real darts, handling them only by the feathered part of the shaft.
Then he flushed the toilet and reentered the restaurant. No one was waiting for him. So he sat down and ordered and ate methodically. No reason to face the crisis of his life with an empty stomach and the food here wasn't bad.
He paid and walked out into the street. He would not go home. If he waited there to be arrested, he would have to deal with any number of low-level thugs who would not be worth wasting a dart on.
Instead, he flagged down a bicycle taxi and headed for the ministry of defense.
The place was as crowded as ever. Pathetically so, thought Han Tzu. There was a reason for so many military bureaucrats a few years ago, when China was conquering Indochina and India, its millions of soldiers spread out to rule over a billion conquered people.
But now, the government had direct control only over Manchuria and the northern part of Han China. Persians and Arabs and Indonesians administered martial law in the great port cities of the south, and large armies of Turks were poised in Inner Mongolia, ready to slice through Chinese defenses at a moment's notice. Another large Chinese army was isolated in Sichuan, forbidden by the government to surrender any portion of their troops, forcing them to sustain a multimillionman force from the production of that single province. In effect, they were under siege, getting weaker--and more hated by the civilian population--all the time.
There had even been a coup, right after the ceasefire--but it was a sham, a reshuffling of the politicians. Nothing but an excuse for repudiating the terms of the ceasefire.
No one in the military bureaucracy had lost his job. It was the military that had been driving China's new expansionism. It was the military that had failed.
Only Han Tzu had been relieved of his duties and sent home.
They could not forgive him for having named their stupidity for what it was. He had warned them every step of the way. They had ignored every warning. Each time he had shown them a way out of their self-induced dilemmas, they had ignored his offered plans and proceeded to make decisions based on bravado, face-saving, and delusions of Chinese invincibility.
At his last meeting he had left them with no face at all. He had stood there, a very young man in the presence of old men of enormous authority, and called them the fools they were. He laid out exactly why they had failed so miserably. He even told them that they had lost the mandate of heaven--the traditional excuse for a change of dynasty. This was the unforgivable sin, since the present dynasty claimed not to be a dynasty at all, not to be an empire, but rather to be a perfect expression of the will of the people.
What they forgot was that the Chinese people still believed in the mandate of heaven--and knew when a government no longer had it.
Now, as he showed his expired i.d. at the gate of the complex and was admitted without hesitation, he realized that there was only one fathomable reason why they hadn't already arrested him or had him killed:
They didn't dare.
It confirmed that Rackham was right to hand him a four-shot weapon and call it the mandate of heaven. There were forces at work here within the defense department that Han Tzu could not see, waiting in his apartment for someone to decide what to do with him. They had not even cut off his salary. There was panic and confusion in the military and now Han Tzu knew that he was at the center of it. That his silence, his waiting, had actually been a pestle constantly grinding at the mortar of military failure.
He should have known that his j'accuse speech would have more effects than merely to humiliate and enrage his "superiors." There were aides standing against the walls listening. And they would know that every word that Han Tzu said was true.
For all Han Tzu knew, his death or arrest had already been ordered a dozen times. And the aides who had been given those orders no doubt could prove that they had passed them along. But they would also have passed along the story of Han Tzu, the former Battle Schooler who had been part of Ender's Jeesh. The soldiers ordered to arrest him would have also been told that if Han Tzu had been heeded, China would not have been defeated by the Muslims and their strutting boy-Caliph.
The Muslims won because they had the brains to put their member of Ender's Jeesh, Caliph Alai, in charge of their armies--in charge of their whole government, their religion itself.
But the Chinese government had rejected their own Enderman, and now were giving orders for his arrest.
In these conversations, the phrase "mandate of heaven" would certainly have been spoken.
And the soldiers, if they left their quarters at all, seemed unable to locate Han Tzu's apartment.
For all these weeks since the war ended, the leadership must already have come face to face with their own powerlessness. If the soldiers would not follow them on such a simple matter as arresting the political enemy who had shamed them, then they were in grave danger.
That's why Han Tzu's i.d. was accepted at the gate. That's why he was allowed to walk unescorted among the buildings of the defense department complex.
Not completely unescorted. For he saw through his peripheral vision that a growing number of soldiers and functionaries were shadowing him, moving among the buildings in paths parallel to his own. For of course the gate guards would have spread the word at once: He's here.
So when he walked up to the entrance of the highest headquarters, he paused at the top step and turned around. Several thousand men and women were already in the space between buildings, and more were coming all the time. Many of them were soldiers under arms.
Han Tzu looked them over, watching as their numbers grew. No one spoke.
He bowed to them.
They bowed back.
Han Tzu turned and entered the building. The guards inside the doors also bowed to him. He bowed to each of them and then proceeded to the stairs leading to the second floor office suites where the highest officers of the military were certainly waiting for him.
Sure enough, he was met on the second floor by a young woman in uniform who bowed and said, "Most respectfully, sir, will you come to the office of the one called Snow Tiger?"
Her voice was devoid of sarcasm, but the name "Snow Tiger" carried its own irony these days. Han Tzu looked at her gravely. "What is your name, soldier?"
"Lieutenant White Lotus," she said.
"Lieutenant," said Han Tzu, "If heaven should bestow its mandate upon the true emperor today, would you serve him?"
"My life will be his," she said.
"And your pistol?"
She bowed deeply.
He bowed to her, then followed her to Snow Tiger's office.
They were all gathered there in the large anteroom--the men who had been present weeks ago when Han Tzu had scorned them for having lost the mandate of heaven. Their eyes were cold now, but he had no friends among these high officers.
Snow Tiger stood in the doorway of his inner office. It was unheard of for him to come out to meet anyone except members of the Politburo, none of whom were present.
"Han Tzu," he said.
Han Tzu bowed slightly. Snow Tiger bowed almost invisibly in return.
"I am happy to see you return to duty after your well-earned vacation," said Snow Tiger.
Han Tzu only stood in the middle of the room, regarding him steadily.
"Please come into my office."
Han Tzu walked slowly toward the open door. He knew that Lieutenant White Lotus stood at the door, watching to make sure that no one raised a hand to harm him.
Through the open door, Han Tzu could see two armed soldiers flanking Snow Tiger's desk. Han Tzu stopped, regarding each of the soldiers in turn. Their faces showed nothing; they did not even look back at him. But he knew that they understood who he was. They had been chosen by Snow Tiger because he trusted them. But he should not have.
Snow Tiger took Han Tzu's pause as an invitation for him to enter the office first. Han Tzu did not follow him inside until Snow Tiger was seated at his desk.
Then Han Tzu entered.
"Please close the door," said Snow Tiger.
Han Tzu turned around and pulled the door all the way open.
Snow Tiger took his disobedience without blinking. What could he do or say without making himself seem pathetic?
Snow Tiger pushed a paper toward Han Tzu. It was an order, giving him command over the army that was slowly starving in Sichuan province. "You have proved your great wisdom many times," said Snow Tiger. "We ask you now to be the salvation of China and lead this great army against our enemy."
Han Tzu did not even bother to answer. A hungry, ill-equipped, demoralized, surrounded army was not going to accomplish miracles. And Han Tzu had no intention of accepting this or any other assignment from Snow Tiger.
"Sir, these are excellent orders," said Han Tzu loudly. He glanced at each of the soldiers standing beside the desk. "Do you see how excellent these orders are?"
Unused to being spoken to directly in such a high-level meeting, one of the soldiers nodded; the other merely shifted uncomfortably.
"I see only one error," said Han Tzu. His voice was loud enough to be heard in the anteroom as well.
Snow Tiger grimaced. "There is no error."
"Let me take my pen and show you," said Han Tzu. He took the pen from his shirt pocket and uncapped it. Then he drew a line through his own name at the top of the paper.
Turning around to face the open door, Han Tzu said, "There is no one in this building with the authority to command me."
It was his announcement that he was taking control of the government, and everyone knew it.
"Shoot him," said Snow Tiger behind him.
Han Tzu turned around, putting the pen to his mouth as he did.
But before he could fire a dart, the soldier who had refused to nod had blown out Snow Tiger's head, covering the other soldier with a smear of blood and brains and bone fragments.
The two soldiers bowed deeply to Han Tzu.
Han Tzu turned back around and strode out into the anteroom. Several of the old generals were heading for the door. But Lieutenant White Lotus had her pistol out and they all froze in place. "Emperor Han Tzu has not given the honorable gentlemen his permission to leave," she said.
Han Tzu spoke to the soldiers behind him. "Please assist the lieutenant in securing this room," he said. "It is my judgment that the officers in this room need time to contemplate upon the question of how China came into her current difficult situation. I would like them to remain in here until each of them has written a complete explanation of how so many mistakes came to be made, and how they think matters should have been conducted."
As Han Tzu expected, the suck-ups immediately went to work, dragging their compatriots back to their places against the walls. "Didn't you hear the emperor's request?" "We will do as you ask, Steward of Heaven." Little good it would do them. Han Tzu already knew perfectly well which officers he would trust to lead the Chinese military.
The irony was that the "great men" who were now humiliated and writing reports on their own mistakes were never the source of those errors. They only believed they were. And the underlings who had really originated the problems saw themselves as merely instruments of their commanders' will. But it was in the nature of underlings to use power recklessly, since blame could always be passed either upward or downward.
Unlike credit, which, like hot air, always rose.
As it will rise to me from now on.
Han Tzu left the offices of the late Snow Tiger. In the corridor, soldiers stood at every door. They had heard the single gunshot, and Han Tzu was pleased to see that they all looked relieved to learn that it was not Han Tzu himself who had been shot.
He turned to one soldier and said, "Please enter the nearest office and telephone for medical attention for the honorable Snow Tiger." To three others, he said, "Please help Lieutenant White Lotus secure the cooperation of the former generals inside this room who have been asked to write reports for me."
As they rushed to obey, Han Tzu gave assignments to the other soldiers and bureaucrats. Some of them would later be purged; others would be elevated. But at this moment, no one even thought of disobeying him. Within only a few minutes he had given orders to have the perimeter of the defense complex sealed. Until he was ready, he wanted no warning going to the Politburo.
But his precaution was in vain. For when he went down the stairs and walked out of the building, he was greeted by a roar from the thousands and thousands of military people who completely surrounded the headquarters building.
"Han Tzu!" they chanted. "Chosen of Heaven!"
There was no chance the noise would not be heard outside the complex. So instead of rounding up the Politburo all at once, he would have to waste time tracking them down as they fled to the countryside or tried to get to the airport or onto the river. But of one thing there could be no doubt: With the new emperor enthusiastically supported by the armed forces, there would be no resistance to his rule by any Chinese, anywhere.
That's what Mazer Rackham and Hyrum Graff had understood when they gave him his choice. Their only miscalculation was how completely the story of Han Tzu's wisdom had swept through the military. He hadn't needed the blowgun after all.
Though if he hadn't had it, would he have had the courage to act as boldly as he did?
One thing Han Tzu did not doubt. If the soldier had not killed Snow Tiger first, Han Tzu would have done it after--and would have killed both soldiers if they had not immediately submitted to his rule.
My hands are clean, but not because I wasn't prepared to bloody them.
As he made his way to the department of Planning and Strategy, where he would make his temporary headquarters, he could not help but ask himself: What if I had taken their initial offer, and fled into space? What would have happened to China then?
And then a more sobering question: What will happen to China now?
SHADOW OF THE GIANT Copyright © 2005 by Orson Scott Card
Reading Group Guide
Topics for Discussion
Week 1
1. Most of the key characters in Shadow of the Giant are the Battle School graduates who were members of Ender's Jeesh. What do they have in common? How do they differ? Each was brought up, as Han Tzu says, as a "child of war." Are they capable of leading normal lives, or did Battle School deprive them of that ability for good?
2. Islam looms large in this novel. How is the religion divided, and who do you think are the "true" Muslims? Islam often appears as a brutal, conquering force here. How do you think the story is influenced by the author's reaction to the events of 9/11 and the present-day rise of fundamentalist Islamic terrorism?
3. Consider the women in Card's story. What do you think is the significance of the first two female characters we meet in the novel both being pregnant? Discuss how Petra divides her identity as a political strategist/battle commander and as a mother. Which sphere of life matters more to her? In which one do you think her contribution is most important?
Week 2
1. Propaganda—controlling public perception of leaders and events—is one of the most powerful tools for political gain in the novel. Who uses it most skillfully? Do you think any of its uses here are honorable, or do they all play on the fears and basest instincts of the public? Is it possible to exercise power without influencing the public perception of your actions and motives?
2. Virlomi is one of the most unusual characters in the story. What is her real power over the people of India? Do you think that she actually receives divine favor, or has her sense of her own power become delusional? As a faithbased political leader, who do you think she resembles in today's world? Can faith-based political systems work, or are they implicitly dangerous? Are there any political systems that do not depend on the citizens' sharing a common set of values and beliefs?
3. What do you think is Peter Wiggin's true motivation as Hegemon? Are other characters in the story right to trust or distrust him? What are his goals for the office of the Hegemon, and do you think he can actually achieve them?
Week 3
1. Ambition turns out to have been one of the tested criteria for admission to Battle School. Is ambition an advantage or, as Mazer Rackham says, a "disease"? What do different characters discover about their own ambition as the novel unfolds? And do you agree with Graff that the Jeesh members are too dangerous for Earth—that their ambition will always lead nations toward war?
2. Because the Battle Schoolers were taken from their birth families at an early age, Battle School itself became a family structure for them. How do families function in the story? What advantages—and disadvantages—do they offer? How do they resemble your family, or other families that you know of in the real world?
3. Bean is a character caught in a tragic dilemma. Would anyone wish to be in his place? Is dying young too high a price to pay for a life of unlimited intelligence and astonishing achievements? And would you have made the same decision to leave Petra on Earth with their normal children?
Week 4 (General Questions)
1. Who are the ultimate heroes of Shadow of the Giant? What is their moral code? Why do billions of people revere them? What do these characters want for humanity and for themselves?
2. Though men like Bean participate warmly and actively in parenting, it is presented as a primary vocation only for women—supposedly their highest calling, overriding the lure of achievement in politics or the military. Is this double-standard a part of human nature, or is it something imposed by society? How will Bean's life change as he becomes the primary caregiver to his children aboard the starship? Do you think that parenting can ever be as crucial to men's identities as to women's?
3. Mazer Rackham claims that human beings are "bred for war". Is war an inevitable consequence of the human condition? Can we as a species ever outgrow it? Do you think that the goals of political unity and world peace that Peter Wiggin finally achieves can ever be possible in real life?
Interviews
Explorations Interview with Orson Scott Card
Paul Goat Allen: Although obviously adult science fiction, the novels in your Ender's saga have been consistently voted by students worldwide as some of the very best science fiction literature for young adults. Why do you think these novels are so profoundly popular with that age group?
Orson Scott Card: At first I was surprised by the response from younger readers. Ender's Game -- and all the later books -- are definitely adult science fiction, with no concessions for younger readers. The vocabulary is well above "grade level," and the moral, historical, and philosophical questions that are discussed are not watered down or simplified. Since the rule of thumb in young adult literature is that the hero of the story must be two years older than the intended audience, who is the intended audience for Ender's Game, when the hero starts out as a five-year-old?
Over the years, however, I have realized several things. First, young readers are absolutely critical -- what they don't like they won't pretend to like; but they are also extraordinarily forgiving. If they care about a story, they will read it even if it's full of hard words and abstruse concepts. Second, adolescents and some precocious children are likely to find a strong resonance with a hero who is pressured, exploited, and isolated, yet who sacrifices to save the very community that has treated him rather badly. It is a natural impulse for adolescents to either imagine themselves as or to admire the lone hero who pays a terrible price that no one else could have paid. This was certainly not my plan when I wrote the novel or even the original story, but after seeing such a strong response to Ender's Game (and, later, to Ender's Shadow and the other Shadow books), this is my best guess as to why, in addition to the adult readers, there are so many younger readers.
PGA: Peter Wiggin's goal to unite the people of Earth under one government was a focal theme in Shadow of the Giant. Do you think that humankind will ever adopt the One Tribe concept?
OSC: In the Ender/Shadow series, I cheat: The first experience of unity came when humankind's survival was under threat from alien invaders. In other words, a common enemy united us, and though that emergency unity fell apart when the threat was gone, people remembered the benefits of that unity and wanted it back. In the real world, we haven't had such unity, and in fact we have large populations that are committed to disunity -- or unity only by conquering and imposing an ideology on others. Throughout history, unity has only come when one nation had such overwhelming power that other nations either fell in line or were overwhelmed -- one thinks of Rome or of British rule in India -- but such unity is fragile, even when most people want it to continue.
Unity requires sacrifices of national and individual independence that are not always willingly made. But a unity born of blood and terror is never going to last; only unity born of willing participation and mutual benefit has a chance of surviving. The first kind, if sustained long enough, can become the latter. But it takes a long, long time. Old hatreds and resentments are not erased overnight. Will it ever happen? Quite possibly. Do I expect it to happen soon? Ha ha ha.
PGA: Out of all the Battle School graduates, which character is most like the young Orson Scott Card and why?
OSC: None of them. I was never that smart and never that willing to submit to authority. I would have been one of the kids turned down for Battle School, who then told anybody who listened that Battle School only tested for a certain kind of intelligence and actually the smartest and most creative kids were never sent up into space. But I wouldn't have believed it myself and would have considered myself a failure all my life because I hadn't been chosen. This is not a great revelation. That combination of boastfulness and humiliating self-abnegation is almost universal among fiction writers...it's almost a job requirement. If writers weren't vain to the point of arrogance, we would never have the courage to put forth our made-up tales and expect people to pay for them; but if we also didn't fear that we were really quite awful and untalented, we would never be able to learn from our mistakes and improve.
PGA: With so many new plot threads at the conclusion of Shadow of the Giant -- Bean and Petra's children, the various colony ships, etc. -- what's the likelihood of one or more new novels in your Enderverse?
OSC: I am definitely writing a novel that takes place after the events of Children of the Mind, which brings together a few threads from the Shadow books and all the dangling threads from the Speaker trilogy (Speaker for the Dead, Xenocide, and Children of the Mind). That one will be called Shadows in Flight. I will also write a novel about Mazer Rackham that is a prequel to the whole series. It is also possible that Tor Books and I will initiate a series of novels (or at least short story anthologies) by other writers about what happened to the kids from Ender's Jeesh after the events of Shadow of the Giant. But no final decision has yet been made on that. But if we don't find writers who can create stories that in my judgment carry on the kind of story I tried to write in my Ender stories, we simply won't do it. Better not to do it at all than to do it badly. And...this next Christmas [2005], we will publish A Battle School Christmas (or some variation on that title), which takes place before Ender comes to Battle School. It will not be a "feel-good" Christmas book in the normal vein -- for one thing, angels and miracles have no place in serious science fiction. It will be as tough a story of kids training for war as any of the other stories in the series. And some of the kids who end up in Ender's Jeesh will be in the book.
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