A Student's Guide to History / Edition 11 available in Paperback
A Student's Guide to History / Edition 11
- ISBN-10:
- 0312535023
- ISBN-13:
- 9780312535025
- Pub. Date:
- 08/19/2009
- Publisher:
- Bedford/St. Martin's
- ISBN-10:
- 0312535023
- ISBN-13:
- 9780312535025
- Pub. Date:
- 08/19/2009
- Publisher:
- Bedford/St. Martin's
A Student's Guide to History / Edition 11
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Overview
Product Details
ISBN-13: | 9780312535025 |
---|---|
Publisher: | Bedford/St. Martin's |
Publication date: | 08/19/2009 |
Edition description: | Eleventh |
Pages: | 336 |
Product dimensions: | 5.90(w) x 9.00(h) x 0.50(d) |
About the Author
Jules R. Benjamin, formerly professor of history at the University of Rochester, is Emeritus professor at Ithaca College. He taught for over thirty years. He is the author of several books and articles, including The United States and Cuba: Hegemony and Dependent Development, 1880-1934 and The United States and the Origins of the Cuban Revolution: An Empire of Liberty in an Age of National Liberation. His current research focuses on contemporary international relations.
Table of Contents
Preface v
A Note to Students xvii
1 The Subject of History and How to Use It 1
What History Can Tell You 1
What Historians Are Trying to Do 3
History and the Everyday World 4
How Historians Work 4
Philosophies of History 5
Historiography 6
Changing Directions of Historical Research 8
Methods of Historical Research 9
Primary and Secondary Sources of Evidence 10
Interpreting and Organizing Evidence 16
The Computer and Historical Research 16
How You Can Use History 17
2 How to Read a History Assignment, Take Notes in Class, and Prepare for and Take Exams 19
How to Read a History Assignment 19
Reading a Textbook 20
Reading a Monograph 20
Reading an Anthology 22
Reading a Historical Novel 22
Examples of Reading Assignments 22
How to "Read" Nonwritten Materials 25
Interpreting Maps 26
Analyzing Statistical Data 28
Interpreting Illustrations, Photographs, and Other Visual Material 31
Interpreting Artifacts 34
How to Take Notes in Class 37
From Class Lectures 37
Guidelines for Taking Lecture Notes 38
Examples of Note Taking 38
From Slides and Films 42
Taking Notes in a "Wired" Classroom 42
Classroom Participation 43
Classroom Discussions 43
Guidelines for Speaking in Class 43
Giving an Oral Presentation 43
Guidelines for Giving an Oral Presentation 44
Giving a PowerPoint Presentation 44
Group Work 45
Guidelines for Peer Reviewing 46
Communicating Online 46
E-mail, Listservs, and Chat Rooms 47
E-conferences and E-seminars 48
Web Communication and Advanced Research 48
How to Study for and Take Exams 49
Objective and Short-Answer Exams 50
Preparing for In-Class Essay Exams - Composing Sample Questions51
Writing a Good In-Class Essay Exam 52
Guidelines for Writing In-Class Essay Exams 52
Writing Take-Home Essay Exams 53
3 How to Write History Assignments: The Importance of Writing Skills 57
Why Clear Writing Is Important 57
The Components of Clear Writing 58
Write Clear Sentences 58
Do Not Clutter Sentences with Unnecessary Phrases 58
Avoid Using the Passive Voice 59
Use the Past Tense 59
Link Your Sentences 60
Write Clear and Coherent Paragraphs 60
Link Your Paragraphs 61
Guidelines for Clear Writing 62
Building an Essay 62
The Need for a Clear Beginning 63
Creating a Writing Outline 64
The Importance of Continuity 64
Writing a Conclusion 65
Revising Your Paper 65
Proofreading Your Paper 66
Preparing Specific Writing Assignments 67
Writing Book Reviews 67
Sample Book Review 68
Guidelines for Writing a Book Review 71
Writing Comparative Book Reviews 71
Comparing Essays or Articles 72
Comparing Primary Documents 72
Writing Short Essays 73
Guidelines for Writing Short Essays 74
A Note on Plagiarism: A Serious Offense 75
4 How to Research a History Topic 77
Beginning the Research Process 78
Choosing a Topic 78
Moving from a Topic to a Theme 78
Narrowing Your Theme 79
Moving from a Theme to a Thesis 80
Making an Argument in Support of Your Thesis 81
Creating a Preliminary Research Plan 81
Creating a Research Bibliography 83
Conducting Research 84
Using the Library Online Catalog to Locate Resources 84
Using Print and Electronic Reference Sources 88
Using Print and Electronic Periodical Databases 89
Guidelines for Finding an Article in a Periodical Database 90
Locating Primary Sources 92
Using Internet Search Tools 95
Guidelines for Conducting Internet Searches 97
Evaluating Web Sites 97
Guidelines for Evaluating Web Sites 99
Navigating Web Sites 99
Evaluating Sources 100
Evaluating Secondary Sources 101
Guidelines for Evaluating Secondary Sources 102
Evaluating Primary Sources 103
Special Problems of Evaluating Web-Based Sources 105
Guidelines for Evaluating Web Sources 106
Interpreting Sources and Taking Notes 107
How to Read Your Sources 107
How to Record Information from Your Sources 108
How to Organize Your Notes 110
Avoiding Plagiarism 115
The Computer and Plagiarism 116
The Art of Paraphrasing 116
Plagiarism and Group Work 117
Guidelines for Avoiding Plagiarism 118
5 How to Write a Research Paper 119
Preparing to Write 119
Why Your Paper Needs a Thesis 119
Organizing Your Paper 120
Preparing a Writing Outline 120
Plugging Your Research Notes into Your Outline 124
Writing the Text 125
The Rough Draft 125
Clear Writing: A Matter of Continuity 126
Quotations: When and How to Use Them 127
Incorporating Visual Materials into Your Paper 129
Guidelines for Incorporating Visuals 130
Documenting Your Paper: Citing Your Sources 130
When and How to Use Footnotes and Endnotes 130
Directory to Footnote/Endnote Documentation Models 132
How to Write Footnotes and Endnotes 133
Directory to Bibliography Documentation Models 146
Organizing a Bibliography 147
Revising and Rewriting 158
Guidelines for Revising and Rewriting 159
Word Processing: Advantages and Dangers 160
Example of a Research Paper 161
How the Theme and Thesis Were Chosen 162
The Writing Outline for the Thesis 162
Turning Research into Writing: A Sample Research Paper -"Wage Slavery or True Independence: Women Workers in the Lowell, Massachusetts, Textile Mills, 1820-1850" 164
Appendix A Resources for History Research 185
Dictionaries, Encyclopedias, and Atlases 186
Historical Dictionaries-World 187
Historical Dictionaries-United States 188
Historical Encyclopedias-World 188
Historical Encyclopedias-Europe 189
Historical Encyclopedias-United States 190
Historical Atlases-World 190
Historical Atlases-United States 191
Biography Collections 191
International Biography Collections 192
United States Biography Collections 192
Newspaper Indexes and Databases 193
Newspaper Indexes and Databases-General 194
Newspaper Indexes and Databases-United States 194
Periodical Indexes and Databases 195
Magazine Indexes and Databases 195
Journal Indexes and Databases 196
Book Review Indexes and Databases 197
Public Documents 197
Public Documents-Britain and Canada 198
Public Documents-United States 198
Historical Statistics 199
Historical Statistics-General 200
Historical Statistics-National and Regional 200
Historical Statistics-United States 201
General Resources in World History 202
Reference Works and Bibliographies 202
Web Sites 203
Specialized Resources in World History 204
Ancient History 205
Europe-General 206
Europe-Medieval 207
Europe-Early Modern 208
Europe-Modern 208
Britain 210
Ireland and Scotland 213
East Europe 214
Russia and the Soviet Union 215
Africa 215
Middle East and North Africa 216
Asia 217
Australia and New Zealand 220
Latin America and the Caribbean 220
Canada 221
General Resources in United States History 223
Reference Works and Bibliographies 223
Web Sites 224
Specialized Resources in United States History 225
Regional, State, and Local 226
Colonial, Revolutionary, and Early National, 1607-1800 227
Native American 228
Slavery and the Civil War 229
African American 231
Women's 232
Immigrant and Ethnic 233
Social and Cultural 234
Political 237
Foreign Relations and International 239
Science, Technology, Environment, and Medicine 240
Labor, Business, Economic, and Urban 241
Religious 242
Military 242
Electronic Discussion Lists in History 243
Appendix B Historical Sources in Your Own Backyard 245
How to Research Your Family History 246
Sources for County and Local History 247
Sources for Family History and Genealogical Research 248
Glossary 250
Index 257