The Divided Welfare State: The Battle over Public and Private Social Benefits in the United States / Edition 1

by Jacob S. Hacker

Overview

The Divided Welfare State is the first comprehensive political analysis of America's distinctive system of public and private social benefits. Everyone knows that the American welfare state is unusual—less expensive and extensive, later to develop and slower to grow, than comparable programs abroad. Yet, U.S. social policy does not stand out solely for its limits. American social spending is actually as high as spending is in many European nations. What is truly distinctive is that so many social welfare duties are handled not by the state, but by the private sector with government support. With sweeping historical reach and a wealth of statistical and cross-national evidence, The Divided Welfare State demonstrates that private social benefits have not merely been shaped by public policy, but have deeply influenced the politics of public social programs—to produce a social policy framework whose political and social effects are strikingly different than often assumed. At a time of fierce new debates about social policy, this book is essential to understanding the roots of America's distinctive model and its future possibilities. Jacob S. Hacker is the Peter Strauss Family Assistant Profesor of Political Science at Yale University. Previously, he was a Junior Fellow of the Harvard Society of Fellows and Fellow at the New America Foundation as well as a Guest Scholar and Research Fellow at the Brookings Institution. He is the author of The Road to Nowhere: The Genesis of President Clinton's Plan for Health Security (Princeton, 1997), which was co-winner of the 1997 Louis Brownlow Book Award of the National Academy of Public Administration. His articles and opinion pieces have appeared in The New Republic, The Nation, the Los Angeles Times, Boston Globe, and Washington Post. A regular media commentator, he has discussed his work widely on C-Span, national public radio and in papers nationwide.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780521013284
Publisher:	Cambridge University Press
Publication date:	09/09/2002
Edition description:	New Edition
Pages:	466
Product dimensions:	6.02(w) x 9.02(h) x 1.22(d)

Table of Contents

Part I. The American Welfare Regime: 1. The politics of public and private social benefits; Part II. The Politics of Public and Private Pensions: 2. Connected at birth: public and private pensions before 1945; 3. Sibling rivalry: public and private pensions after 1945; Part III. The Politics of Public and Private Health Insurance: 4. Seeds of exceptionalism: public and private health insurance before 1945; 5. The elusive cure: public and private health insurance after 1945; Part IV. The Formation and Future of the American Welfare Regime: 6. The formation of the American welfare regime; 7. The future of the American welfare regime.

Editorial Reviews

"The strengths of Hacker's approach stem from the exhaustive historical research that he undertook, his mastery of detail, and his clarity of presentation. . . His scholarship is thorough enough to impress just about anyone." " The New Republic

"Hacker's study is an important resource for understanding why enactment of universal health insurance has been so difficult. His analysis is original and insightful. Politicians and political scientists alike will find this volume useful and thought provoking." Edward M. Kennedy, U.S. Senator from Massachusetts

"The subtitle nicely captures the flavour of this stimulating and absorbing analysis of the struggles over public and private social welfare in the United States. In a thoroughly researched study Hacker documents and explains the very different history and growth of pensions and health insurance in the United States. . . In many ways this is a splendid case-study of major parts of the social division of welfare within the United States, bringing out very clearly the complex interactions between public, tax and occupational welfare over the past century." Journal of Social Policy

"A brilliant book that will force Americans left, right and center to reconsider their ideas - and prejudices - about how our country provides social insurance and social services. An engaging and rigorous scholar, Hacker sheds light on a fact so obvious that scholars have often ignored it: in the United States, much of our welfare state is actually a system of private sector support. Hacker concludes that so much of what is touted as "The Third Way" is, in fact, the Old American Way. This is an indispensable work of history, political analysis and sophisticated common sense." E.J. Dionne Jr., Brookings Institution and Syndicated Columnist

"A work of extraordinary historical sweep and analytic power, The Divided Welfare State offers a provocative new angle of vision on the politics of social policy in the United States. Hacker's book is a must-read, not only for observers of modern American politics, but for all who want to know what lies behind today's disputes about health care reform and the "privatization" of Social Security." Theda Skocpol, Director of the Center for American Political Studies, Harvard University

"A path breaking work that is likely to reorient the way political scientists and historians frame the study of social policy. Hacker persuasively argues that the so-called "private" provision of social benefits is the product of crucial public decision-making and financial support, and demonstrates in impressive detail the longer term implications that stem from decisions to support private benefits with public dollars. The Divided Welfare State is one of those rare works of cutting edge scholarship that will be read beyond the academy by public officials, policy makers and informed citizens eager to understand the powerful structural factors that make pension and health care reform so difficult to achieve in the United States." Brian Balogh, University of Virginia

"The United States has long been held as an example of exceptionalism in the welfare state literature....In this brilliant (no less a word will do) book, Jacob Hacker gives a new twist to this story. In doing so, he has provided perhaps the most sophisticated analysis of the politics of social policy available, an analysis which has applications beyond the U.S." Is Rudolf Klein, Journal of Public Policy

"An extraordinary work. For the first time we see American social provision whole — not just what it is not, but what it is. Thanks to Jacob Hacker's skillful blending of sophisticated theory and wide-ranging empirical analysis, we understand how this unique and often troubling mix of public and private action came about. And with this understanding we are far better placed to imagine, and work toward, a better future." Paul Pierson, Harvard University

"A stunning achievement that is a major contribution to the fields of political science, economics, history, and policy analysis. Hacker offers the definitive study of America's distinct system of private welfare benefits. Not only does he provide the most sophisticated account of how these benefits evolved and what impact they had on Americans polity, but he also forces us to rethink our most basic understanding of the logic behind America's public welfare state. A must-read for anyone interested in contemporary political history." Julian E. Zelizer, State University of New York at Albany

" This ranks as one of the very best histories of the American welfare state. Hacker places the spotlight squarely on retirement pensions and health care, the two largest components of U.S. social policy, and thus provides a welcome counterpart to the many existing studies of poverty. His careful attention to the many tools of social welfare, and the constant interplay between public and private actors, leads him to make original and insightful connections. Ambitious in scope, yet disciplined with conceptual rigor and careful comparisons, the book should be read by anyone interested in modern welfare states, American exceptionalism, and path dependence in policy making." Christopher Howard, College of William & Mary

From the Publisher

Hacker (political science, Yale) tries to explain why "the United States devotes much less of its economy to government social spending than do other Western nations" by meticulously tracing the history of New Deal and Great Society legislation and programs and by showing that social programs in this country have attempted to balance the values of equity and freedom. Analyzing pensions, health insurance, and private and public benefits in separate sections, he focuses on how the deeply ingrained history of employer-sponsored pensions and health insurance has swung the pendulum toward utilizing private initiatives rather than enhanced federal programs to provide Americans with social benefits. In his final chapter, Hacker discusses the future of what he calls the American welfare regime, insisting that we need to understand the connectivity and tradeoffs between public support of social programs and the increasing willingness of the federal government to entertain privatization. Written in a scholarly style, with plenty of jargon, statistical tables, charts, and graphs, and references to primary and secondary sources cited in the extensive, annotated endnotes, this is a measured analysis of an important political issue affecting all Americans. For large public libraries, most university libraries, and some four-year college libraries.-Jack Forman, San Diego Mesa Coll. Lib., CA Copyright 2002 Cahners Business Information.

Library Journal