The Enigma of Reason

The Enigma of Reason

The Enigma of Reason

The Enigma of Reason

eBook

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Overview

“Brilliant…Timely and necessary.” —Financial Times

“Especially timely as we struggle to make sense of how it is that individuals and communities persist in holding beliefs that have been thoroughly discredited.”
—Darren Frey, Science

If reason is what makes us human, why do we behave so irrationally? And if it is so useful, why didn’t it evolve in other animals? This groundbreaking account of the evolution of reason by two renowned cognitive scientists seeks to solve this double enigma. Reason, they argue, helps us justify our beliefs, convince others, and evaluate arguments. It makes it easier to cooperate and communicate and to live together in groups. Provocative, entertaining, and undeniably relevant, The Enigma of Reason will make many reasonable people rethink their beliefs.

“Reasonable-seeming people are often totally irrational. Rarely has this insight seemed more relevant…Still, an essential puzzle remains: How did we come to be this way?…Cognitive scientists Hugo Mercier and Dan Sperber [argue that] reason developed not to enable us to solve abstract, logical problems…[but] to resolve the problems posed by living in collaborative groups.”
—Elizabeth Kolbert, New Yorker

“Turns reason’s weaknesses into strengths, arguing that its supposed flaws are actually design features that work remarkably well.”
Financial Times

“The best thing I have read about human reasoning. It is extremely well written, interesting, and very enjoyable to read.”
—Gilbert Harman, Princeton University


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780674977846
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Publication date: 04/17/2017
Sold by: Barnes & Noble
Format: eBook
Pages: 408
Sales rank: 968,662
File size: 4 MB

About the Author

Hugo Mercier is a researcher at the French National Center for Scientific Research, working in the Cognitive Science Institute Marc Jeannerod in Lyon.

Dan Sperber is a researcher in the Departments of Cognitive Science and of Philosophy at the Central European University, Budapest, and in the Institut Jean Nicod at the École Normale Supérieure, Paris.

Table of Contents

Cover Title Page Copyright Contents Introduction: A Double Enigma I: Shaking Dogma 1. Reason on Trial 2. Psychologists’ Travails II: Understanding Inference 3. From Unconscious Inferences to Intuitions 4. Modularity 5. Cognitive Opportunism 6. Metarepresentations III: Rethinking Reason 7. How We Use Reasons 8. Could Reason Be a Module? 9. Reasoning: Intuition and Reflection 10. Reason: What Is It For? IV: What Reason Can and Cannot Do 11. Why Is Reasoning Biased? 12. Quality Control: How We Evaluate Arguments 13. The Dark Side of Reason 14. A Reason for Everything 15. The Bright Side of Reason V: Reason in the Wild 16. Is Human Reason Universal? 17. Reasoning about Moral and Political Topics 18. Solitary Geniuses? Conclusion: In Praise of Reason after All Notes References Acknowledgments Illustration Credits Index
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