The Newborn Brain: Neuroscience and Clinical Applications

by Hugo Lagercrantz (Editor), M. A. Hanson (Editor), Laura R. Ment (Editor), Donald M. Peebles (Editor)

Overview

Development of the brain and the emergence of the mind constitute some of the most important concerns of contemporary biology. Disturbances during fetal life may have profound implications for a child's future neurological and psychological development, which can in turn impact society. The new edition of this highly respected work presents a comprehensive review of the basic mechanisms of brain development and the pathophysiology of disorders of the infant brain, written by a team of distinguished neuroscientists, neonatologists, and neuropediatricians. The book follows the main milestones of brain development, from formation of the neural tube and wiring of the neurons in the brain. Neurotrophic factors, neurotransmitters, glial cell biology, cerebral circulation development of sensory functions are all described in detail. Furthermore, there are more philosophical chapters on the evolution of the brain and the emergence of consciousness. Clinical considerations are highlighted where relevant.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780521889759
Publisher:	Cambridge University Press
Publication date:	01/07/2010
Edition description:	New Edition
Pages:	426
Product dimensions:	7.30(w) x 9.70(h) x 1.00(d)

About the Author

Hugo Lagercrantz is Professor of Pediatrics at the Karolinska Institute and Clinical Consultant at the Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

M. A. Hanson is Director of the Institute of Developmental Sciences, Director of the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease Division and the British Heart Foundation Professor of Cardiovascular Science at the University of Southampton, UK.

Laura R. Ment is Professor of Pediatrics and Neurology at Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.

Donald M. Peebles is Professor of Obstetrics at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College London School of Medicine, London, UK.

Table of Contents

List of contributors vii

Preface to the First Edition xi

Preface to the Second Edition xiii

1 Reflections on the origins of the human brain Jean-Pierre Changeux 1

Section 1 Making of the brain

2 The molecular basis of central nervous system development Ola Hermanson Urban Lendahl 23

Historic box 1 Hugo Lagercrantz 35

3 Holoprosencephaly and microcephaly vera: perturbations of proliferation Verne S. Caviness Jr. Pradeep G. Bhide Richard S. Nowakowski 37

Historic box 2 Hugo Lagercrantz 53

4 Neuronal migration Sandrine Passemard Angela M. Kaindl Virginia Leverche Pascal Dournaud Pierre Gressens 55

5 The neonatal synaptic big bang Jean-Pierre Bourgeois 71

6 Neurotrophic factors in brain development Thomas Ringstedt 85

Historic box 3 Hugo Lagercrantz 96

7 Neurotransmitters and neuromodulators Eric Herlenius Hugo Lagercrantz 99

Historic box 4 Hugo Lagercrantz 119

8 Glial cell biology Arne Schousboe Helle S. Waagepetersen 121

Section 2 Sensory systems and behavior

9 Development of the somatosensory system Sandra Rees David Walker Ernest Jennings 129

10 Principles of endogenous and sensory activity-dependent brain development: the visual system Anna A. Penn Carla J. Shatz 147

Historic box 5 Hugo Lagercrantz 161

11 Fetal and neonatal development of the auditory system S. Allen Counter 163

12 Newborn behavior and perception Elena V. Kushnerenko Mark H. Johnson 185

Section 3 Radiological and neurophysiological investigations

13 Imaging the neonatal brain Mary A. Rutherford 199

14 Electroencephalography and amplitude-integrated EEG Lena Hellström-Westas Ingmar Rosén 211

15 Emergence of spontaneous and evoked electroencephalographic activity in the human brain Sampsa Vanhatalo Kai Kaila 229

Section 4 Clinical aspects

16 Infection, inflammation, and damage to fetal and perinatal brain Gennadij Raivich Donald M. Peebles 245

17 Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy Deanna L. Taylor Grisha Pirianov A. David Edwards Henrik Hagberg 261

18 Clinical assessment and therapeutic interventions for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in the full-term infant Andrew Whitelaw Marianne Thoresen 281

19 Clinical aspects of brain injury in the preterm infant Michael Weindling 301

Section 5 Follow-up

20 Injury and recovery in the developing brain Koray Özduman Laura R. Ment 329

21 Development of motor functions in health and disease Mijna Hadders-Algra Hans Forssberg 345

22 Antenatal glucocorticoids and programming of neuroendocrine function and behavior Stephen G. Matthews Amita Kapoor 361

Section 6 Consciousness

23 On the emergence of consciousness Hugo Lagercrantz Jean-Pierre Changeux 377

Index 395

Editorial Reviews

'… wonderful book … The editors smoothly transition from the bench to the bedside by examining techniques the clinician can use to evaluate the state of brain development and injury … At a time when there is rapidly improving understanding of brain development and neonatal brain injury, this book should be of interest to scientists and clinicians alike.' Pediatrics Adolescent Medicine

'Because of the quality and breath of materials, it remains that this book will prove relevant and useful to the broad readership of this journal. Readers may wish a copy for their own bookshelf, but they should at least request that one is stored by their institution's library.' Psychological Medicine

'The book is elegantly written and well referenced … As a comprehensive review of the most recent research results on brain development and its clinical application, this book is strongly recommended …' European Journal of Paediatric Neurology

'… a fantastically rich collection of studies and essays … comprehensive and accessible … a fascinating text and an extremely useful resource …' The Psychologist

'… unique … combines neuroscience and developmental biology with clinical aspects of fetal-neonatal brain development … the second edition adds some new chapters and information.' Doody's Notes

From the Publisher

Reviewer: Jay P. Goldsmith, MD (Tulane University School of Medicine)
Description: This is the second edition of a book (first edition in 2002) devoted to the neuroscience of brain development that includes information on radiologic and neurophysiologic investigations, clinical aspects, and consequences of abnormalities of development. The book is written more for neuroscientists and physician researchers in the area of brain development rather than practicing clinicians, although some chapters will appeal to both groups.
Purpose: The purpose is to bring together many aspects of the neurobiology of brain development and pair them with clinical aspects of abnormalities of the brain in both the term and preterm infant. These are worthy objectives, since this area of research has been so active in the last decade. The book is much stronger in the first section (neurobiology) than the later sections on clinical aspects. Overall, however, the book meets the stated objectives.
Audience: According to the editors, the book is aimed at a "broad readership from the more theoretical biologist, molecular geneticist and the biophysicist" to the clinical practitioners who deal with the fetal and neonatal brain. In fact, much of the neuroscience is tough reading for clinicians who are not doing basic neurological research and the clinical areas are oriented to neuroscience as well, albeit much more clinician friendly. The contributors and editors are well-known international authorities in this field.
Features: The first five of the book's six sections cover the development of the brain and the sensory systems, radiological and neurophysiological investigations, clinical aspects of certain types of brain injury in both the term and preterm infant, and follow-up of the development of the brain after various types of injury. This edition adds a sixth section/chapter on consciousness. Despite its publication in 2010, this edition has few references after 2005 except for issues such as hypothermia. The unique chapters on the effects of steroids on human brain development and the emergence of consciousness will be of significant interest to clinicians dealing with the fetal-neonatal brain.
Assessment: This unique book combines neuroscience and developmental biology with clinical aspects of fetal-neonatal brain development, and the second edition adds some new chapters and information. This will continue to be a reference for neuroscientists and students, but difficult reading in the first section for practicing physicians who are not research-oriented. Other, more clinically oriented books for practicing physicians would be Neurology of the Newborn, 5th edition, Volpe (Elsevier, 2008) and/or Neonatal Cerebral Investigation, Rennie et al. (Cambridge University Press, 2008).

Doody's Review Service