The Three Yugoslavias: State-Building and Legitimation, 1918-2005

by Sabrina P. Ramet

Overview

Yugoslavia exploded onto the front pages of world newspapers in the early 1990s. The War of Yugoslav Succession of 1991–1995 convinced many that interethnic violence was endemic to politics in Yugoslavia and that the Yugoslav meltdown had occurred because of ancient hatreds. In this thematic history of Yugoslavia in the 20th century, Sabrina P. Ramet demonstrates that, on the contrary, the instability of the three 20th-century Yugoslav states—the interwar kingdom (1918–41), socialist Yugoslavia (1945–91), and the rump Yugoslav state created in 1992, consisting of Serbia and Montenegro—can be attributed to the failure of succeeding governments to establish the rule of law and political legitimacy. Ramet places emphasis on the failure of the state-building project and the absence of political legitimation, rather than on ineluctable or abstract historical forces. Based on extensive archival research and fieldwork and the culmination of more than two decades of study, The Three Yugoslavias is a major contribution to an understanding of Yugoslavia and its successor states.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780253346568
Publisher:	Indiana University Press
Publication date:	06/06/2006
Series:	Woodrow Wilson Center Press
Edition description:	Annotated
Pages:	784
Sales rank:	840,977
Product dimensions:	6.00(w) x 9.00(h) x 1.72(d)
Age Range:	18 Years

About the Author

Sabrina P. Ramet is Professor of Political Science at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology in Trondheim, Norway, and Senior Associate of the Centre for the Study of Civil War of the Peace Research Institute in Oslo (PRIO). She is the author of eight previous books, including Nationalism and Federalism in Yugoslavia (IUP, 1992).

Table of Contents

Introduction
1.A Theory of Legitimacy
2.The First Yugoslavia, Part 1: The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, 1918-29
3.The First Yugoslavia, Part 2: The Kingdom of Yugoslavia, 1929-41
4.World War Two and the Partisan Struggle, 1941-45
5.Happy Comrades? Tito, Stalin, and the Birth of the Second Yugoslavia, 1945-51
6.Dreaming a New Dream, 1950-62
7.The Reform Crisis, 1962-70
8.The Rise and Fall of Yugoslav Liberalism, 1967-73
9.Problems of Underdevelopment, 1965-90
10.Nationalist Tensions, 1968-90
11.Autumn of the Socialist Experiment, 1974-89
12.Hail Caesar! The Rise of Slobodan Miloševic
13.The Road to War
14.The War of Yugoslav Succession: Phase 1, June-December 1991
15.The War of Yugoslav Succession: Phase 2, 1992—95
16.A Flawed Peace: Post-Dayton Bosnia
17.The Third Yugoslavia and after, 1992-2004
18.UNMIK, KFOR, and the Future of Kosovo
19.Separate Paths: Slovenia, Macedonia, Croatia
20.Conclusion
Select Bibliography

Editorial Reviews

"Ramet (Norwegian Univ. of Science and Technology) is a distinguished leading scholar on Yugoslavia who has made important contributions to the substantial literature on that unhappy land. This first-rate volume is a substantially enlarged, rewritten edition of Nationalism and Federalism in Yugoslavia, 1962, 1991 (CH, Feb'93, 30—3476). It is a must read posing big questions, e.g., why Yugoslavs have repeatedly failed to create an effective legitimate state structure and rule of law. Ramet rejects the myth, unfortunately widespread in the West, that the driving force has been ethnic conflict and ancient hatreds. Her work complements the study by V. P. Gagnon Jr., The Myth of Ethnic War: Serbia and Croatia in the 1990s (CH, Sep'05, 43—0597), by focusing on elite behavior. While she looks at prior state—building efforts (1918—29), she concentrates chiefly on Tito's Yugoslavia. Nearly half of this thick volume covers the post, 1989 period through KFOR and Kosovo. The inclusion of 150 pages of notes and more than 25 pages of bibliography underscore the deep research of this work, which concludes with a short chapter on the separate paths of Slovenia, Macedonia, and Croatia. Ramet throws much light on three Yugoslavias and also helps readers think about similar events elsewhere. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Lower—division undergraduates through faculty.—H. Steck, SUNY College at Cortland"—Choice, May 2007

". . . a must read posing big questions. . ."—Choice

". . . This is a rich and powerful book . . . . The product of twenty years of detailed research and contemplation, Ramet's latest work takes a rightful place on the short list of essential reading about the Yugoslavias."—Journal of Modern History

From the Publisher

Ramet (Norwegian Univ. of Science and Technology) is a distinguished leading scholar on Yugoslavia who has made important contributions to the substantial literature on that unhappy land. This first-rate volume is a substantially enlarged, rewritten edition of Nationalism and Federalism in Yugoslavia, 1962, 1991 (CH, Feb'93, 30—3476). It is a must read posing big questions, e.g., why Yugoslavs have repeatedly failed to create an effective legitimate state structure and rule of law. Ramet rejects the myth, unfortunately widespread in the West, that the driving force has been ethnic conflict and ancient hatreds. Her work complements the study by V. P. Gagnon Jr., The Myth of Ethnic War: Serbia and Croatia in the 1990s (CH, Sep'05, 43—0597), by focusing on elite behavior. While she looks at prior state—building efforts (1918—29), she concentrates chiefly on Tito's Yugoslavia. Nearly half of this thick volume covers the post, 1989 period through KFOR and Kosovo. The inclusion of 150 pages of notes and more than 25 pages of bibliography underscore the deep research of this work, which concludes with a short chapter on the separate paths of Slovenia, Macedonia, and Croatia. Ramet throws much light on three Yugoslavias and also helps readers think about similar events elsewhere. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Lower—division undergraduates through faculty.—H. Steck, SUNY College at Cortland

Choice

. . . This is a rich and powerful book . . . . The product of twenty years of detailed research and contemplation, Ramet's latest work takes a rightful place on the short list of essential reading about the Yugoslavias.

Journal of Modern History

In this large, thematic history of the three Yugoslavias (post-WorldWar I, post-World War II, post-Cold War), Ramet addresses a single, core question: Why did they all perish? Her answer — because they failed to establish the system's legitimacy — albeit obvious and even tautological, undergoes considerable refinement. First, she carefully parses her concept of legitimacy, ties it to a liberal notion of what makes for a stable state (one in which the rules protect individual rights, the primacy of law, civic culture, and social justice, and in which those rules are respected), and then assigns primary responsibility to human agency, rather than "agentless forces," such as multiethnic diversity or ancient hatreds. Then she brings this framework to bear in tracing the development, decline, and death of the three attempts to create a unified southern Slav state. Her themes are political legitimacy, political development, and nationalism, but they do not stand in the way of a highly detailed history of the three periods, particularly the disastrous last one.

Foreign Affairs