Table of Contents
Notes on Contributors vii
Preface xv
Part I: Background on Mass Shootings 1
1 Challenges to the Empirical Investigation of Mass Shootings 3Andrew J. Smith and Michael Hughes
2 The Patterns and Prevalence of Mass Public Shootings in the United States, 1915–2013 20Grant Duwe
3 Explaining Mass Shootings: Types, Patterns, and Theories 36James Alan Fox and Jack Levin
Part II: The Psychology of Perpetrators 57
4 The Development of Rampage Shooters: Myths and Uncertainty in the Search for Causes 59Benjamin Winegard and Christopher J. Ferguson
5 Biosocial Perspective of Proactive Aggression: Applications to Perpetrators of Mass Shootings 77Jonathan Waldron and Angela Scarpa
6 The Challenge of Predicting Dangerousness 96Sara Chiara Haden
Part III: The Role of Media in the Aftermath of Mass Shootings 115
7 The Influence of Media on Public Attitudes 117Jaclyn Schildkraut and H. Jaymi Elsass
8 Social Media and News Coverage as Vicarious Exposure 136Carolyn R. Fallahi
9 The Role of Technology in Expressions of Grief 153Kenneth A. Lachlan
10 The Impact of Journalism on Grieving Communities 170Henna Haravuori, Noora Berg, and Mauri Marttunen
Part IV: Psychological Considerations for Impacted Individuals 189
11 Mental Health Outcomes Following Direct Exposure 191Laura C. Wilson
12 Psychosocial Functioning Within Shooting-Affected Communities: Individual?] and Community-Level Factors 210Heather Littleton, Julia C. Dodd, and Kelly Rudolph
13 Postdisaster Psychopathology Among Rescue Workers Responding to Multiple-Shooting Incidents 229Geoff J. May and Carol S. North
14 Distress Among Journalists Working the Incidents 247Klas Backholm
Part V: Clinical Interventions for Impacted Individuals 265
15 Empirically Based Trauma Therapies 267Thea Gallagher, Natalie G. Gay, Anu Asnaani, and Edna B. Foa
16 Public Relief Efforts From an International Perspective 293Kari Dyregrov, Atle Dyregrov, and Pål Kristensen
17 Mental Health Service Utilization Following Mass Shootings 312Andrew J. Smith, Katharine Donlon Ramsdell, Michael F. Wusik, and Russell T. Jones
18 Resiliency and Posttraumatic Growth 331Andrea M. Despotes, David P. Valentiner, and Melissa London
Part VI: Prevention, Ethics, and Future Directions 351
19 Threat Assessment and Violence Prevention 353Dewey Cornell and Pooja Datta
20 Ethical Conduct of Research in the Aftermath of Mass Shootings 372Elana Newman, Chelsea Shotwell Tabke, and Betty Pfefferbaum
21 Future Directions 388Danny Axsom
Index 401