First Chapter

What About Golden Retrievers?

John Wiley & Sons

Chapter One

What exactly is a Golden Retriever? What are Golden Retrievers used for? Why does my Golden love to swim? How big do Goldens get? How active are Goldens? Are Goldens good watchdogs? Do Goldens shed a lot? What does a Golden need from me? Why are Goldens so popular? How long do Goldens live? How long do Goldens stay puppies? Why is there so much difference between a Golden show dog and a Golden pet? Is there a difference between hunting Goldens and pet Goldens? What are the top 10 reasons people want a Golden Retriever for a pet? What are the top 10 reasons people give up their Golden Retriever after they've acquired one? What kinds of people will best be able to develop a Golden into a good pet? What kinds of people will probably have difficulty managing a Golden Retriever as a pet? Why shouldn't I want a Golden?

What exactly is a Golden Retriever?

It's a medium-size sporting dog, weighing between 55 and 75 pounds, although either sex may be slightly smaller or larger than the standard. A Golden's coat is thick and wavy but never curly, of medium length, and is solid colored in any shade of gold. A typical Golden is a happy character who dotes on his family and likes other dogs.

What are Golden Retrievers used for?

Sportsmen originally bredGolden Retrievers to retrieve waterfowl and upland game birds. The hunter shot the bird, and then it was the dog's job to bring the bird to the hunter's hand, retrieving it from water, dense underbrush or wherever the bird happened to land. Good retrievers picked each bird up gently and brought it back intact. The dogs hunted under trainers and professional handlers, and many are still used for those purposes.

Today's Golden is more often kept as a pet and family companion. He's strong and powerful, has a moderately high energy level and can play, work or swim for many hours in almost any weather. Goldens are highly trainable and active in canine sports, and they excel in obedience trials; agility and fly ball contests; Frisbee competitions; and more recently, in synchronized freestyle dancing exhibitions. They are superb companions for hikers, bikers, and backpackers.

Considering the Golden's heritage, it's little wonder that trained Goldens often compete in tracking and scenting contests and are valuable as drug, contraband, and munitions sniffers. The practical scenting skills needed following disasters and avalanches are within the realm of possibility for the sensitive nose of the Golden.

Goldens are superior guide dogs for the blind, and many are used as therapy dogs who bring their cheerful wagging tails and earnest expressions to long-term care facilities and hospital patients. Goldens often are trained as assistance dogs for the handicapped, and are large enough to fetch and carry sizable objects to wheelchair-bound owners. Specially trained Goldens nudge their hearing-impaired owners when the doorbell, telephone or alarm bell rings.

Just how versatile is a Golden?

Versatility is the Golden's strongest suit. Part of this flexibility is associated with his even temperament, and more is due to his penchant to please his human companions. His cleverness and intelligence serve him well in every pursuit. His trainability and willingness to bond with families rather than specific individuals are also part of the Golden's versatility.

What's a dual-purpose dog?

It's one who has two separate but nearly equal purposes for its existence. For example, a Golden might be proficient in tracking trials and also be a gundog or retriever trial competitor, or a combination obedience dog and gundog or show dog. Goldens have so many diverse uses that nearly every one is at least a dual-purpose dog.

Where do retrievers come from?

During the 1920s Goldens came to the United States from Great Britain. Retrievers of every description have come from all over Europe and parts of Asia. Probably they were developed from companion dogs who showed a propensity for chasing wounded birds, catching them and bringing them to their handlers. Spaniels, waterfowl retrievers and upland game bird dogs all have individual physical characteristics and histories.

Why, when and where did Golden Retrievers originate?

There's a great but probably fictitious story about the Golden's origin that's worth repeating. According to an ancient report that's still accepted by some authorities (and discounted by most), the Golden Retriever originated in 1860 when Sir Dudley Majoribanks of Brighton, England, purchased eight performing dogs from an Eastern European circus troupe. Those dogs were called Russian Trackers and were accomplished trick dogs.

According to that report, these Russian Trackers were used chiefly as guard dogs to protect the great flocks of sheep in Russia's Caucasus Mountains. The strongest and usually the biggest dogs were chosen to combat the flocks' predators. These dogs often measured 30 inches at the shoulder and weighed more than 100 pounds, and those with the heaviest and thickest coats were most valuable because of the cold Russian weather. Those dogs, so the story goes, were the ancestors of the first Golden Retrievers.

However, most current authorities say that sometime before 1865, the (now extinct) Tweed Water Spaniel was used as foundation stock for the Golden Retriever. This spaniel was crossed with Irish Setters and other hunting dogs, small Newfoundland dogs and probably Bloodhounds to produce today's Golden Retriever. All this cross-breeding was done in an effort to produce a superior gundog with just the right combination of characteristics: trainability, toughness, courage, good swimmer, protective coat, ability to find downed birds in thick cover, gentleness and willingness to relate to people and take direction. Today's Golden Retriever is big and tough enough to satisfy outdoors people and gentle and trainable enough for families with children.

Why does my Golden love to swim?

You tend to like what you do best. So do dogs. Most dogs are proficient swimmers, and for many years Golden Retrievers have been selectively bred for swimming ability and a great love of water. That means you will have a hard time keeping your Golden out of any nearby lake, pond, stream or swimming pool.

Leg strength, body musculature, coordination and balance are among the qualities that make the Golden a superb swimmer. Other retriever qualities, such as good scenting ability, soft mouth (holding a bird in his mouth without crushing it), obedience, temperament and coat quality, accompany his swimming ability.

How big do Goldens get?

Males stand 23 to 24 inches at the withers (the tallest point of the shoulder), and females are a couple of inches shorter. In other words, a male Golden's shoulder is knee-high to a six-foot man. When he's standing with all four feet on the floor, his muzzle can usually reach a steak lying on the kitchen table. Coffee table treats disappear quickly when a Golden strolls across the room. An adult Golden standing on his hind legs is as tall as a petite adult human, and a rambunctious Golden can easily knock over a child or an older person. Some Goldens grow taller and some shorter and, like humans, some lean toward heavyweights and others are slim. Balance and muscularity are more important than size in this sporting dog.

What does physical balance mean?

An adult male Golden should appear powerful. He should be slightly longer than he is tall, measured from the foremost point of his chest to the rear of his buttocks. A Golden should be strong, full-bodied, standing on sturdy legs, with a muscular chest and rump. His head should be broad and somewhat massive, and his neck should be muscular. His physique should appear smooth and balanced, never clumsy-looking. His movement should be easy and graceful, and his legs should be well muscled as befits an athletic dog who can earn his biscuits by swimming with a duck or goose in his mouth.

A female Golden's features are balanced as well, with considerable strength and coordination, but her muscle mass should be more refined and her weight a few pounds less than the male's. When you look at a Golden, you should be able to discern the difference between male and female at a glance, even though they're performing the same work.

How active are Goldens?

Goldens are not super-energy individuals, like small terriers, but a healthy Golden will need plenty of vigorous exercise each and every day. A Golden pup will be moderately active, but usually your puppy is as active as you allow him to be. A pup's activity may feed off his family's activity, and if he's playing with energetic children, he'll be a living dynamo until he exhausts himself or is confined. A typical young adult is a reasonably active individual as well, and can keep up with almost any human activity.

A healthy adult Golden of any age who's living with a family that has several children probably won't need any more regular vigorous exercise than he gets playing with the kids-if the children play with him just about every day. A Golden one to fours years old should be exercised vigorously at least once a day for at least half an hour, and also should go on at least two leisurely walks every day. A Golden five and older will need at least three walks every day, plus a half hour of vigorous exercise a few times a week.

When your Golden is asleep, he's busily planning his next game in his dreams. If you're looking for a sedate lapdog, a very low-energy pet, the Golden isn't the dog for you. But you can redirect his constant frolicking. Teach him new activities. He'll enjoy it just as much as pointless playing, and you'll both get a feeling of accomplishment.

Why is a Golden puppy so active?

Because he's a happy camper! A Golden puppy's merry attitude is contagious, and his playfulness and curiosity are timeless. A healthy Golden's desire to frolic is quieted only by old age. The innate desire to play begins as soon as a puppy is coordinated enough to tackle a sibling, and it never disappears. The Golden has a happy switch. He can act serious and reserved one minute and be roughhousing the next. He'll curl up beside a sleeping child and be quiet and content there until the child begins to stir, then will spring to life, ready for any adventure. A big, active puppy can get rough, though, so very young children should not be left alone with a Golden pup.

Are Goldens good watchdogs?

If you want a guard dog or protection dog, look in another direction, because the Golden isn't the dog for you. A Golden has a big voice and may announce a stranger at the door or gate, but when it's a neighbor or friend calling, she'll greet them affectionately. Guarding property is foreign to a Golden's character. However, a watchdog's job really is just to warn her family of an approaching stranger, and this can be learned by a trainable Golden.

Do Goldens shed a lot?

Without regular, frequent combing and brushing, a Golden is a hair merchant. His hair isn't short and stiff like a Dalmatian's or a Pug's (that kind of hair sticks on everything), but it collects in nooks and corners of the house in little golden dust bunnies. This breed probably isn't for you if the first question you ask is "Do they shed?"

What does a Golden need from me?

A Golden Retriever is a friendly, people-oriented, loving and lovable dog who bonds tightly with his owner or handler. He'll trust you if you are consistent and patient with him, and will be a trustworthy companion if you give him the training he deserves.

Your Golden Retriever is a pack-oriented animal, like his wolf ancestors. When he comes to stay at your house, he has traded his canine pack for a human pack, and he wants to be included in practically all of his family's functions-even if it means just watching. A Golden wants to share and be included, and will eventually exhibit behavior problems, and even health problems, if he's penned or tied up or otherwise regularly excluded from family activities. Some Goldens are quite happy just going for an afternoon ride in the country once a week, going on a picnic or driving to a lake or park. If you spend two hours a day with your Golden in between such functions, he'll be ecstatic.

He's a living paradox. He'll sit for hours for petting and grooming, but you must manage his coat or he'll shed copious quantities of hair every day. His favorite pastimes include fetching, playing ball, chasing and romping with children, and he is rarely discontented except when you ignore him. He will often find a toy and bring it to a family member, sit with it in his mouth, waiting patiently, begging to play, but you must direct his activities.

He's not picky about what he eats, but you can't keep a Golden happy with food unless it's followed by a long walk, a swim in the lake, a game of Frisbee, or some quiet petting time shared with a member of his family. He wants a yard, but the yard furnishes only the opportunity to play. Play must involve you and other family members. A Golden needs his humans to toss a ball for him; a hide and seek game requires human participation.

Goldens demand training. Since they have active minds, they'll become bored and think of mischief. They need challenges and to be taught a new concept nearly every day. It needn't be a complex problem-solving venture, and might be a simple child's game of hide the toy under a rug.

Although a Golden isn't terribly conceited, to look his best he'll need regular grooming all his life. You should brush his coat twice a week, and each session should last about 20 to 30 minutes, or until his coat is straight, untangled and shiny.

Grooming is an activity that Goldens anticipate with enthusiasm, once they learn its advantages. They're no different from other dogs who enjoy the personal handling and touching that accompanies regular brushing and combing. Few doggy chores require as much conversation as grooming, because Goldens like to be talked to and they like the one-on-one dialogue that accompanies grooming.

Why are Goldens so people-oriented?

Prehistoric dogs hunted in clans or packs, usually made up of relatives. Dogs have been selectively bred from those who considered themselves part of human society, and the Golden has risen to the upper crust of dogs who are extremely people-oriented. He assumes his role in a human pack and lives contentedly there. One breed rescue organization referred to Goldens as "Velcro dogs" because they do best when they're close to their owners.

Do Goldens think and reason like we do?

That depends on how we think. Dogs have varying abilities to store experience, think, reason and solve problems.

Continues...

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Excerpted from What About Golden Retrievers? by Daniel Rice Excerpted by permission.
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