When Presidents Fight the Last War: The Oval Office, Sunk Costs, and Wartime Decision-Making since Vietnam
Many still see the Vietnam War catastrophe as the ultimate cautionary tale for US presidents faced with wartime decisions. A singular focus on Vietnam, however, overlooks the seismic shift in strategy following attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon on September 11, 2001. When Presidents Fight the Last War: The Oval Office, Sunk Costs, and Wartime Decision-Making since Vietnam is a groundbreaking work that draws on high-level interviews and archival materials to show how recent presidential decisions to cut losses or double down on military conflicts abroad have been made with the goal of avoiding either another Vietnam or another 9/11.

Offering five case studies, author Bryan N. Groves examines presidencies from Ronald Reagan to Barack Obama and explains how commanders in chief have chosen to escalate or de-escalate major conflicts based on what they stood to gain—or, more importantly, lose—in the process. As Groves reveals, in spite of the different contexts, policies, and priorities that defined these administrations, all shared a remarkably similar approach to war adjustments.

When Presidents Fight the Last War provides a unique look inside the Oval Office throughout a half century of inflection points while offering vital insights and predictive tools to handle future sunk cost scenarios.

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When Presidents Fight the Last War: The Oval Office, Sunk Costs, and Wartime Decision-Making since Vietnam
Many still see the Vietnam War catastrophe as the ultimate cautionary tale for US presidents faced with wartime decisions. A singular focus on Vietnam, however, overlooks the seismic shift in strategy following attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon on September 11, 2001. When Presidents Fight the Last War: The Oval Office, Sunk Costs, and Wartime Decision-Making since Vietnam is a groundbreaking work that draws on high-level interviews and archival materials to show how recent presidential decisions to cut losses or double down on military conflicts abroad have been made with the goal of avoiding either another Vietnam or another 9/11.

Offering five case studies, author Bryan N. Groves examines presidencies from Ronald Reagan to Barack Obama and explains how commanders in chief have chosen to escalate or de-escalate major conflicts based on what they stood to gain—or, more importantly, lose—in the process. As Groves reveals, in spite of the different contexts, policies, and priorities that defined these administrations, all shared a remarkably similar approach to war adjustments.

When Presidents Fight the Last War provides a unique look inside the Oval Office throughout a half century of inflection points while offering vital insights and predictive tools to handle future sunk cost scenarios.

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When Presidents Fight the Last War: The Oval Office, Sunk Costs, and Wartime Decision-Making since Vietnam

When Presidents Fight the Last War: The Oval Office, Sunk Costs, and Wartime Decision-Making since Vietnam

by Bryan N. Groves
When Presidents Fight the Last War: The Oval Office, Sunk Costs, and Wartime Decision-Making since Vietnam

When Presidents Fight the Last War: The Oval Office, Sunk Costs, and Wartime Decision-Making since Vietnam

by Bryan N. Groves

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Overview

Many still see the Vietnam War catastrophe as the ultimate cautionary tale for US presidents faced with wartime decisions. A singular focus on Vietnam, however, overlooks the seismic shift in strategy following attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon on September 11, 2001. When Presidents Fight the Last War: The Oval Office, Sunk Costs, and Wartime Decision-Making since Vietnam is a groundbreaking work that draws on high-level interviews and archival materials to show how recent presidential decisions to cut losses or double down on military conflicts abroad have been made with the goal of avoiding either another Vietnam or another 9/11.

Offering five case studies, author Bryan N. Groves examines presidencies from Ronald Reagan to Barack Obama and explains how commanders in chief have chosen to escalate or de-escalate major conflicts based on what they stood to gain—or, more importantly, lose—in the process. As Groves reveals, in spite of the different contexts, policies, and priorities that defined these administrations, all shared a remarkably similar approach to war adjustments.

When Presidents Fight the Last War provides a unique look inside the Oval Office throughout a half century of inflection points while offering vital insights and predictive tools to handle future sunk cost scenarios.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9781985902787
Publisher: University Press of Kentucky
Publication date: 09/02/2025
Series: AUSA Books
Pages: 256
Product dimensions: 6.12(w) x 9.25(h) x (d)

About the Author

Bryan N. Groves, Special Forces Colonel and Army Strategist, was the US Army representative on the Secretary of Defense's 2025 National Defense Strategy writing team and led the development of the 2022 National Military Strategy for the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. He holds a PhD in national security policy from Duke University. His articles have been published by the Modern War Institute as well as in Presidential Studies Quarterly, Strategic Studies Quarterly, Real Clear Defense, Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, and other outlets.

Table of Contents

1. Wartime "Sunk Cost" Dilemmas in Vietnam's "Shadow"
2. Historical Lessons Drive Fear: Vietnam & 9/11's Impact on Future War Policy
3. Reagan in Lebanon: Vietnam Ghosts & Fear of the Future
4. "Black Hawk Down": Vietnam (& Lebanon) Ghosts Remain
5. The Iraq Surge: Governmental Lesson Learning and Adaptation
6. Afghanistan: Lessons from 9/11, the Iraq War, & Vietnam Coalesce
7. Gulf War Endgame: A Sunk Cost Opportunity & Fear of Another "Vietnam"
8. Winning the Next (vs. the Last) War
Acknowledgements
Biography
Notes
Index

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