| Acknowledgments | viii |
| Preface to the Second Edition | xiv |
| Introduction | xvii |
Part 1 | Classical Foundations: The Three Monotheistic Faiths | 1 |
1. | Peoplehood, Covenant, and Land in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam | 3 |
| The Land of Canaan: Crossroads of Empires | 3 |
| Covenant People and Promised Land in Hebrew Scripture | 6 |
| Peoplehood, Covenant, and Land in Rabbinic Judaism | 12 |
| The Two Covenants, the Heavenly Land, and the Exile of the Jews in Early Christianity | 20 |
| The Community of Islam and the Peoples of the Book | 27 |
| Summary | 35 |
Part 2 | Historical Development of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict | 37 |
2. | Religious and Secular Roots of Zionism | 39 |
| Kabbalistic Messianism and the Return to the Holy Land | 39 |
| European Nationalism and the Rise of Zionism | 43 |
| Varieties of Zionism | 47 |
| Summary | 66 |
3. | Christianity and Zionism: The Making of an Alliance | 69 |
| The Reformation Era and the Restoration of the Jews | 69 |
| Christian Zionism and European Empire | 75 |
| American Christian Zionism and the Foundation of Israel | 80 |
4. | The Emergence and Survival of Palestinian Nationalism | 85 |
| The Beginnings of Arab Nationalism and Its Betrayal by Western Imperialism | 90 |
| Palestinian Nationalism during the Mandatory Period | 93 |
| The Suppression and Resurrection of the Palestinian National Movement | 100 |
| From the Lebanese Civil War to the 1987-88 Uprising | 110 |
| From Oslo to the Second Intifada, 1991-2001 | 116 |
| Palestinian Nationalism and Zionism | 128 |
5. | Contradictions of the Jewish State | 131 |
| Building a Jewish Majority: Immigration and Settlement | 138 |
| Making Palestinians Invisible in Israel | 143 |
| Making Palestinians Invisible in the 1967 Occupied Territories | 152 |
Part 3 | Christian Relations to Judaism and to Zionism | 161 |
6. | Contemporary Christian Responses to Judaism and to Zionism | 163 |
| The Vatican: Relations to Judaism and to the State of Israel | 164 |
| The World Council of Churches: Relations to Judaism and to the State of Israel | 169 |
| American Fundamentalist Christians, Jews, and Israel | 174 |
| Arab Christians, Judaism, and Zionism | 182 |
7. | Jewish and Christian Responses to the Holocaust: The Link to Zionism | 191 |
| Jewish Holocaust Theology | 192 |
| Christian Holocaust Theology | 203 |
| Conclusions | 213 |
8. | Zionism and International Justice: A Theological and Ethical Evaluation | 219 |
| The Jews: Religious Community or Nation? | 225 |
| Jewish Election and the Promised Land | 229 |
| The State of Israel and the Beginning of Redemption | 232 |
| Conclusions | 237 |
| Postscript, 2002 | 243 |
| Notes | 249 |
| Index | 283 |