Yamashita's Ghost: War Crimes, MacArthur's Justice, and Command Accountability

Yamashita's Ghost: War Crimes, MacArthur's Justice, and Command Accountability

by Allan A. Ryan
Yamashita's Ghost: War Crimes, MacArthur's Justice, and Command Accountability

Yamashita's Ghost: War Crimes, MacArthur's Justice, and Command Accountability

by Allan A. Ryan

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Overview

"I don't blame my executioners. I will pray God bless them."

So said General Tomoyuki Yamashita, Japan's most accomplished military commander, as he stood on the scaffold in Manila in 1946. His stoic dignity typified the man his U.S. Army defense lawyers had come to deeply respect in the first war crimes trial of World War II. Moments later, he was dead. But had justice been served? Allan A. Ryan reopens the case against Yamashita to illuminate crucial questions and controversies that have surrounded his trial and conviction, but also to deepen our understanding of broader contemporary issues—especially the limits of command accountability.

The atrocities of 1944 and 1945 in the Philippines—rape, murder, torture, beheadings, and starvation, the victims often women and children—were horrific. They were committed by Japanese troops as General Douglas MacArthur's army tried to recapture the islands. Yamashita commanded Japan's dispersed and besieged Philippine forces in that final year of the war. But the prosecution conceded that he had neither ordered nor committed these crimes. MacArthur charged him, instead, with the crime—if it was one—of having "failed to control" his troops, and convened a military commission of five American generals, none of them trained in the law. It was the first prosecution in history of a military commander on such a charge.

In a turbulent and disturbing trial marked by disregard of the Army's own rules, the generals delivered the verdict they knew MacArthur wanted. Yamashita's lawyers appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, whose controversial decision upheld the conviction over the passionate dissents of two justices who invoked, for the first time in U.S. legal history, the concept of international human rights.

Drawing from the tribunal's transcripts, Ryan vividly chronicles this tragic tale and its personalities. His trenchant analysis of the case's lingering question—should a commander be held accountable for the crimes of his troops, even if he has no knowledge of them—has profound implications for all military commanders.

Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780700620555
Publisher: University Press of Kansas
Publication date: 11/17/2014
Series: Modern War Studies
Sold by: Barnes & Noble
Format: eBook
Pages: 408
File size: 4 MB

About the Author

Allan A. Ryan clerked for Supreme Court Justice Byron R. White, was a U.S. Marine Corps judge advocate, and was Assistant to the Solicitor General of the United States. As director of the Justice Department's Office of Special Investigations, he was the chief prosecutor of Nazi war criminals who had escaped to America. He teaches the law of war at Boston College Law School and Harvard University and is author of Quiet Neighbors: Prosecuting Nazi War Criminals in America.

Table of Contents

Cast

Preface

Prologue

1. Law and War

2. Tomoyuki Yamashita

3. Malaya and Singapore

4. Leyte

5. Luzon

6. Military Commissions

7. The Charge: The Accountability of Command

8. The Prosecution: The Hearsay Problem

9. The Prosecution: The Victims

10. The Prosecution: The Defense Scores

11. The Prosecution: The Conclusion

12. The Defense: Setting the Stage

13. The Defense: Yamashita Testifies

14. The Verdict

15. The Aftermath

16. The Supreme Court

17. The Forties: Nuremberg and Tokyo

18. The Seventies: My Lai

19. The Twenty-First Century: Tribunals

20. Today

Epilogue

Notes

Bibliography

Index

About the Author

Illustrations follow page 192

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