Charles Pattie is Professor of Geography at the University of Sheffield. His publications include From Votes to Seats: The Operation of the UK Electoral System since 1945 (with R. J. Johnston, D. F. L. Dorling and D. J. Rossiter, 2001) and Scotland Decides: The Devolution Issue and the Scottish Referendum (with James Mitchell, David Denver and Hugh Bochel, 2000).

Patrick Seyd is Emeritus Professor of Politicsat the University of Sheffield. His recent publications include New Labour at the Grassroots: The Transformation of the Labour Party Membership (with Paul Whiteley, 2002) and High Intensity Participation: The Dynamics of Party Activism in Britain (with Paul Whiteley, 2002).

Paul Whiteley is Professor of Government at the University of Essex. His recent publications include New Labour at the Grassroots: The Transformation of the Labour Party Membership (with Patrick Seyd, 2002) and High Intensity Participation: The Dynamics of Party Activism in Britain (with Patrick Seyd, 2002).