Table of Contents
List of Tables xi
1 Introduction: Migration Before Modernity 1
1 De-modernizing migration 1
2 Rome the cosmopolis 6
3 Interpreting Roman migration: some historiography 9
4 Stones and bones 16
5 Aims and methods 26
2 Conceptualizing Migration 30
1 Defining migration 30
2 Ten types of migration 35
3 Geographical horizons 48
4 Quantification 61
5 Overlap and intersection 72
3 The Roman Migration Regime 75
1 The invention of migration 75
2 Legal status 76
3 Citizenship and geographical mobility 82
4 Supervising mobility 85
5 Expulsions from Rome 92
6 A liberal migration regime? 104
4 Migration and the Family 106
1 Household composition 106
2 A general model 107
3 A demographic profile 113
4 The marriage market 123
5 Return migration 130
6 Variation and similarity 140
5 Migration and Urbanization 142
1 Urban migration theory 142
2 One theory, two variants 144
3 Applications to the Roman world 149
4 Size and composition of Rome's population 152
5 Mortality 157
6 Fertility 163
7 Modelling Roman immigration 167
6 Migration and Labour 170
1 Finding motives 170
2 Slave and free labour 176
3 Skilled and unskilled labour 184
4 Female and male labour 191
5 Permanent, temporary, and seasonal work 195
6 Locating labour migration 199
7 Migration and Acculturation 204
1 A multicultural society? 204
2 Migration and ethnicity 207
3 Language use 214
4 Migrant cults? 223
5 Migrant associations? 232
6 Migrant networks 237
8 Conclusion: Rome's Migration System 241
1 Dramatic changes? 241
2 Family resemblances 242
3 Urbanization-labour-migration 247
4 Quantifying migration 253
5 A transport transition? 257
6 Some implications 264
Bibliography 269
Index of Sources 295
Index of Subjects 302