The Breakthrough: Human Rights in the 197s

by Jan Eckel (Editor), Samuel Moyn (Editor)

Overview

Between the 1960s and the 1980s, the human rights movement achieved unprecedented global prominence. Amnesty International attained striking visibility with its Campaign Against Torture; Soviet dissidents attracted a worldwide audience for their heroism in facing down a totalitarian state; the Helsinki Accords were signed, incorporating a "third basket" of human rights principles; and the Carter administration formally gave the United States a human rights policy.

The Breakthrough is the first collection to examine this decisive era as a whole, tracing key developments in both Western and non-Western engagement with human rights and placing new emphasis on the role of human rights in the international history of the past century. Bringing together original essays from some of the field's leading scholars, this volume not only explores the transnational histories of international and nongovernmental human rights organizations but also analyzes the complex interplay between gender, sociology, and ideology in the making of human rights politics at the local level. Detailed case studies illuminate how a number of local movements—from the 1975 World Congress of Women in East Berlin, to antiapartheid activism in Britain, to protests in Latin America—affected international human rights discourse in the era as well as the ways these moments continue to influence current understanding of human rights history and advocacy. The global south—an area not usually treated as a scene of human rights politics—is also spotlighted in groundbreaking chapters on Biafran, South American, and Indonesian developments. In recovering the remarkable presence of global human rights talk and practice in the 1970s, The Breakthrough brings this pivotal decade to the forefront of contemporary scholarly debate.

Contributors: Carl J. Bon Tempo, Gunter Dehnert, Celia Donert, Lasse Heerten, Patrick William Kelly, Benjamin Nathans, Ned Richardson-Little, Daniel Sargent, Brad Simpson, Lynsay Skiba, Simon Stevens.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780812208719
Publisher:	University of Pennsylvania Press, Inc.
Publication date:	08/29/2013
Series:	Pennsylvania Studies in Human Rights
Sold by:	Barnes & Noble
Format:	eBook
Pages:	352
File size:	2 MB

About the Author

Jan Eckel teaches history at the University of Freiburg. Samuel Moyn, Professor of Law and History at Harvard University, is the author of The Last Utopia: Human Rights in History and editor of the journal Humanity.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1. The Return of the Prodigal: The 1970s as a Turning Point in Human Rights History
—Samuel Moyn
Chapter 2. The Dystopia of Postcolonial Catastrophe: Self-Determination, the Biafran War of Secession, and the 1970s Human Rights Moment
—Lasse Heerten
Chapter 3. The Disenchantment of Socialism: Soviet Dissidents, Human Rights, and the New Global Morality
—Benjamin Nathans
Chapter 4. Dictatorship and Dissent: Human Rights in East Germany in the 1970s
—Ned Richardson-Little
Chapter 5. Whose Utopia? Gender, Ideology, and Human Rights at the 1975 World Congress of Women in East Berlin
—Celia Donert
Chapter 6. "Magic Words": The Advent of Transnational Human Rights Activism in Latin America's Southern Cone in the Long 1970s
—Patrick William Kelly
Chapter 7. Shifting Sites of Argentine Advocacy and the Shape of 1970s Human Rights Debates
—Lynsay Skiba
Chapter 8. Oasis in the Desert? America's Human Rights Rediscovery
—Daniel Sargent
Chapter 9. Human Rights and the U.S. Republican Party in the Late 1970s
—Carl J. Bon Tempo
Chapter 10. The Polish Opposition, the Crisis of the Gierek Era, and the Helsinki Process
—Gunter Dehnert
Chapter 11. "Human Rights Are Like Coca-Cola": Contested Human Rights Discourses in Suharto's Indonesia, 1968-1980
—Brad Simpson
Chapter 12. Why South Africa? The Politics of Anti-Apartheid Activism in Britain in the Long 1970s
—Simon Stevens
Chapter 13. The Rebirth of Politics from the Spirit of Morality: Explaining the Human Rights Revolution of the 1970s
—Jan Eckel

Notes
List of Contributors
Index
Acknowledgments

Editorial Reviews

"An outstanding volume that is poised to make a major intervention into the late twentieth-century history of global human rights politics. The Breakthrough brings together some of the most important new work on the history of human rights in the 1970s in ways that will reshape this emergent field. Eckel and Moyn have crafted a rare and welcome collection that will be especially useful for the undergraduate and graduate classroom."

University of Chicago Mark Philip Bradley

"Editors Moyn and Eckel present an impressive European-American research effort to understand the efflorescence of human rights organizations and activity over the past century. . . . the superb essays in this collection make a well-documented and well-argued case."

Choice Stanley N. Katz

"A fascinating collection of essays . . . an eclectic set of readings bringing in perspectives from around the globe on human rights developments during the 1970s."

Human Rights Quarterly

"An outstanding volume that is poised to make a major intervention into the late twentieth-century history of global human rights politics. The Breakthrough brings together some of the most important new work on the history of human rights in the 1970s in ways that will reshape this emergent field. Eckel and Moyn have crafted a rare and welcome collection that will be especially useful for the undergraduate and graduate classroom."

Universityof Chicago Mark Philip Bradley