A History of Zhang Zhung and Tibet, Volume One: The Early Period

by Chogyal Namkhai Norbu, Donatella Rossi (Translator), Nancy Simmons (Editor)

Overview

A History of Zhang Zhung and Tibet, Volume One explores ancient Tibet's Zhang Zhung kingdom and Bon religion that preceded the advent of Buddhism in the seventh century. Countering the long-held idea that Tibet's pre-Buddhist indigenous culture was primitive and undeveloped, this book shares the rich cultural origins of the kingdom of Zhang Zhung--the "cradle of Tibetan culture," which encompassed a vast area of Western and Northern Tibet in an area that includes sacred Mount Kailash.

Presenting the meticulous research of internationally known Dzogchen Buddhist teacher and scholar Chögyal Namkhai Norbu, the book investigates the mysteries of Zhang Zhung's Bon religion, a set of shamanistic and animistic beliefs and practices only recently studied by a handful of academic scholars. Offering a critical analysis of a vast array of literary and primary sources, Norbu discusses the role of the Bon traditions within Zhang Zhung's lineages, dynasties, and culture. Examining Zhang Zhung's written language, sacred ornaments, rock carvings, healing practices, music, and magical divination techniques, Norbu contributes to an understanding of the roots of Tibetan Buddhist culture and modern-day Bon religion--a practice followed by an estimated ten percent of Tibetans.

Table of Contents:
Translator's Foreword; A Technical Note about the Translation; I. The Human Generations of Ancient Zhang Zhung; II. The Bon Lineages of Ancient Zhang Zhung; III. The Royal Lineages of Ancient Zhang Zhung; IV. The Written Language of Ancient Zhang Zhung; V. The Civilization of Ancient Zhang Zhung; Indexes--Tibetan and Zhang Zhung Names and Terms, Textual Sources, Sanskrit Names and Terms, Chinese Names and Terms

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781583946107
Publisher:	North Atlantic Books
Publication date:	05/14/2013
Pages:	264
Product dimensions:	5.90(w) x 9.00(h) x 0.70(d)

About the Author

Born in Eastern Tibet in 1938, CHOGYAL NAMKHAI NORBU is an internationally known Dzogchen Buddhist teacher and author. The direct descendant of the first Dzogchen Tibetan master of Tibet, Norbu is a former professor of Tibetan and Mongolian language and literature at the University of Naples L'Orientale. He is the founder of two nonprofit organizations including the Shang Shung Institute, which is dedicated to the preservation of Tibetan culture. The author lives in Arcidosso, Italy.

Table of Contents

Translator's Foreword 7

A Technical Note on the Translation 12

I The Human Generations of Ancient Zhang Zhung 15

1 Nonhuman Beings 16

2 The Four Original Great Clans and the Six Family Lines of the Early Human Generations 64

3 The bSe, Khyung, and sBra Tribal Groups of Zhang Zhung 75

II The Bon Lineages of Ancient Zhang Zhung 77

1 gShen-rab Mi-bo-che and the dMu-gshen Lineage 85

2 The Diffusion of Bon after the Birth of gShen-rab Mi-bo-che 91

III The Royal Lineages of Ancient Zhang Zhung 125

1 The Eighteen Monarchs, Holders of the Horn-Like Crowns 130

2 The Twelve Minor Principalities 138

IV The Written Language of Ancient Zhang Zhung 149

1 gShen-rab Mi-bo-che Taught the Written Language of Ancient Zhang Zhung 150

2 The sPungs Script of sTag-gzig 159

V The Civilization of Ancient Zhang Zhung 167

1 gZi and Thog Icags 167

2 Rock Carvings 175

3 The Science of Arts and Crafts [bZo rig] 180

4 Music 185

5 gTo and its Cultural Foundations 188

6 Ju thig 189

7 Mo-pra 192

7.1 Magical Divination [rDe'u 'pbrul gyi mo] 192

7.2 Divination with Symbolic Images [brDa mo] 195

7.3 Scapulimancy [Sog mo] 200

7.4 Divination with Dice [Shwo mo] 202

7.5 Divination with Prayer Beads [Phreng mo] 203

7.6 Cho lo Divination 204

7.7 Pra Divination 211

8 Dreams [rMi lam] 212

9 Numerological Astrology 213

10 Medicine 217

Bibliography 221

Indexes

Index of Tibetan and Zhang Zhung Names and Terms 229

Index of Textual Sources 255

Index of Sanskrit Names and Terms 259

Index of Chinese Names and Terms 261

List of Tables

Table 1 The Four Great Rivers 71

Table 2 The Thirteen g.Yen of the Higher Sphere 84

Table 3 The Nine g.Yen of the Intermediate Sphere 84

Table 4 The Eleven g.Yen of the Earthly Sphere 85

Table 5 Genealogy of the dMu Royal Lineage 88

Table 6 gShen-rab's Consorts and Sons 108

Table 7 The First sMe-'kbor 115

Table 8 The Twelve Scattered Minor Principalities 143

Table 9 Additional Principalities 146

Editorial Reviews

"Chögyal Namkhai Norbu is one the foremost masters of Tibetan religions and recognized as a teacher and scholar. This book demonstrates his profound knowledge of Tibet’s antiquity and shows the complex and sophisticated tradition of the Zhang Zhung civilization that flourished on the Tibetan plateau in ancient times."
—Tsering Shakya, PhD, Canadian research chair in religion and contemporary society in Asia at the Institute of Asian Research, University of British Columbia

“Scholars and students of early Tibet will welcome the publication in English of this first volume of Chögyal Namkhai Norbu’s trilogy on the history of Zhang Zhung and Tibet. Accurately and carefully translated by Donatella Rossi, this book draws on a wide range of Bon sources and chronicles that shed light on the creation mythology, geography, lineages, and cultural legacy of ancient Zhang Zhung.”
—Gyurme Dorje, leading Tibetan scholar, translator, and author
 
“Using traditional sources in an original way, this work paints a fascinating picture of the history and culture of the Zhang Zhung kingdom of early Tibet.”
—Sam van Schaik, PhD, Tibetologist and research project manager for the International Dunhuang Project (IDP) at the British Library

"For many of us in the academic community who have been trying to keep a pulse on the phenomenon of Zhang Zhung, it’s a relief that scholarly opinion is finally starting to shift from the previously standard view that the period of Songtsen Gampo’s reign – when Buddhism was beginning to be introduced – defines the roots of much of Tibetan culture. It is now fairly clear that, to the contrary, much of what makes Tibet “Tibetan” – for example, an emphasis on bardo rites; a cohesive, spiritual taxonomy for transmissions of alphabets, scripts, and systems of writing; historically long-enduring divination practices; distinctive frameworks of medicine (including moxibustion); signature practices of fine arts; and even contemplative methods for dreaming – derives from the Zhang Zhung civilization."
—J.I. Abbot, Mandala

From the Publisher