Basic Anatomy and Physiology for the Music Therapist

by Daniel J. Schneck

Overview

Providing need-to-know information about the human body for music therapists, this book covers the elements of anatomy and physiology that are of particular relevance to clinical practice.

Addressing both the structure and function of the human body, the material is presented with the music therapist in mind. Particular attention is paid to the role of music in affecting responses from the organ systems, including the senses, the endocrine glands, the immune system, the musculo-skeletal system, the nervous systems and the vestibular system. Dr Schneck also uses accessible musical metaphors to explain complex biological information.

Emphasising the symbiotic relationship between music and the body, this book reveals how an understanding of this relationship can help music therapists to practice more effectively, and will be of interest to students and practitioners alike.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781849057561
Publisher:	Jessica Kingsley Publishers
Publication date:	06/21/2015
Edition description:	New Edition
Pages:	352
Product dimensions:	6.70(w) x 9.60(h) x 0.80(d)

About the Author

Dr Daniel J. Schneck was a Fellow of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering and the Biomedical Engineering Society. He published widely, including 24 books, and was a National Book Award nominated author. He was an international consultant on basic physiological function and the role of music in human adaptation. He was also an accomplished violinist and performed professionally. He was based in Virginia, USA.

Table of Contents

Preface 13

Introduction: The Symbiotic Relationship Between Music and the Human Body 19

Part I What is this Thing Called "Me"?

Chapter 1 Brief Overview of the Entire Human Body: Six Levels of Organization 24

Atomic scale; the human body is written in the key of "C" (carbon) 24

Combinations of atoms: the molecular level of anatomical organization (musical "notes") 25

Cellular level of organization: the functional unit of life 34

Human body fluids and fluid distribution 38

Tissue level of organization: building an entire body 39

Organ level of anatomical organization 46

System level of organization: "orchestrating" an entire living human being 50

A final thought 53

Chapter 2 The Living Engine/Instrument 54

An isothermal living engine 55

The alimentary (digestive) system 57

The respiratory system 63

The circulatory system 69

Anatomical exhaust systems 83

Major anatomical features of the renal-urological system 86

Some closing remarks 87

Chapter 3 The Mobile Engine/Instrument 89

Our optimized living engine 89

Levers and principles of leverage 99

Principles of balance and equilibrium 101

Chapter 4 The Living Engine/Instrument 106

The anatomical unit of information processing: the polarized neuron 107

The physiologic units of information processing: neurotransmitters 107

Anatomical features of the three nervous systems 112

Some closing remarks 121

Chapter 5 The Sentient Living Engine/Instrument 122

The sensory system 122

Various forms of energy, and the: biological sensory receptors (ceptors) that respond to them 124

Sensory nerves 125

The special senses (exteroception) 127

The general senses of extero and interoception 145

"Paw-to-jaw" reflexes, additional general senses, and "viral signs" 148

Chapter 6 The Responsive but Stationary Living Engine/Instrument 154

Stationarity 155

What the organism is responding to: the concepts of error signals and sensory integration 160

The elements of knowledge embedded m principles of physiologic information processing and sensory integration 162

Chapter 7 The Controlled Living Engine/Instrument 168

Physiologic control signals 168

The endocrine system of ductless glands 170

The autonomic nervous system Tevisited 181

The immune system 183

Some closing remarks 187

Part II How Does "Me" Work?

Chapter 8 The Motivated Living Engine/Instrument 190

Bad stress! 190

Sources of bad stress 195

Survival of the self: the enduring living engine/instrument 201

Survival of the species: the perpetuating living engine/instrument 206

Survival of the "soul": the spiritual living engine/instrument 208

Chapter 9 The Anthropocentric Living Engine/Instrument 211

The human .search for knowledge, and through it, truth, and power 211

Knowledge can empower one to fulfill the need to control one's own destiny 219

The human search for self, and through it, identity: will the real you please stand up? 222

The human search for relationships: the need to be validated 226

One's search for identity can be greatly enhanced by exploiting the human need for self-expression 228

One's search for identity and relationships can be greatly enhanced by exploiting the human need for recreation 229

A bit of perspective 231

Chapter 10 The Human Information Technology System for Handling/Processing and Managing Data and information 233

Information-processing paradigm in the central nervous system 234

Human consciousness 242

Information-processing rates 245

The physiology of relativity 248

Some closing remarks, rind a reprise on the fundamental elements of knowledge 255

Chapter 11 The Body in Time 257

Bioihytnms 258

A "tsunami" of information to deal with? 268

Some concluding observation 270

Chapter 12 Physiologic Optimization Schemes, Among Them Adaptation Mechanisms 272

The general principle of physiologic adaptation 274

The physiological adaptation paradigm 282

Conditioning: something else to think about 288

Chapter 13 Anatomical Design Criteria, Among Them Self-Similarity: The Body in Space 290

Anatomical, geometrical self-similarity 292

Extrapolating from physical geometry to temporal relationships 296

Musical intervals 297

Consonance and dissonance 300

Communication among neurons: coupled oscillations and synchronization (resolution) 301

Noisel 303

Anatomical design principle Number 12: decussation 306

Anatomical design principle number 13: lateralization 308

Some closing remarks 311

Chapter 14 Recapitulation, Summary, and Music Therapy Perspective 313

The paradigm reviewed and developed further 313

Control level 1 Things you are "stuck with," like it or not 317

Control level 2 Things over which you have very minimal, limited control, regardless of how hard you try 322

Control level 3 Things over which you have substantial control 324

Control level 4 Things over which you have total control 325

From theory to practice 326

First figure out what's wrong 327

Second, do something about it! 329

Finally, track and evaluate how well you and the client are doing 334

In summary 335

References 337

Subject Index 342

Author Index 350

Editorial Reviews

Knowledge of anatomy and physiology is essential for music therapists. Since Schneck is an accomplished musician and has collaborated with music therapists for years, he explains what humans are and how humans work in a comprehensive fashion, and directly relates it to music therapy. This unique presentation of anatomy and physiology not only looks at the mechanics of human life, but also at the emotions, spirituality, and search for knowledge that drives us as humans.

Janice Lindstrom

Daniel Schneck has the tremendous advantage of being both a scientist and a musician. This book draws on his experience as a performing violinist, a doctor and a teacher. I have had the pleasure of working with him in his capacity as violinist when I was Music Director and Conductor of the Roanoke Symphony and can testify to his skill and musicality. I am filled with admiration for his commitment to the field of music therapy, as he is uniquely qualified to lead this rapidly-evolving area, and his book is organized and well written. He draws from Aristotle, Plato and Shakespeare to illustrate his points, and his ability to teach makes this a rewarding read.

Victoria Bond

Dr. Daniel Schneck's Basic Anatomy and Physiology for the Music Therapist is an important addition to the literature in the profession of music therapy. This book is specifically oriented to the needs of the practicing clinical music therapist by emphasizing anatomical/physiological principles, which are deeply influenced by the energetic elements of music - rhythm, melody, harmony, timbre, dynamics, and form - and the intricate relationships within and between them and the human body. Dr. Schneck explores in depth the mechanisms involved in human functioning and the processes involved when music interacts with the complex "living machine" that is the human body. This is vital information for the practicing music therapist to insure effective music therapy treatments and interventions. I highly recommend this book to professional and student music therapists. It represents the next level in the advancement of music therapy practice.

Barbara J. Crowe

Beneath the unassuming title of this book lies a vast wealth of information about the human body, how it works, and how it is influenced by sound and music. From an atomic scale of anatomical organization through to the entire living human being as an integrated whole, Schneck provides us with essential and intriguing facts and observations relevant for every music therapist, intern, and student.

Robert E. Krout