Table of Contents
Acknowledgments v
Chapter 1 Caddo archaeological landscapes in the East Texas Forests 1
Scope and character of East Texas Caddo archaeology 7
Temporal and spatial considerations 8
Caddo landscapes and architectural context 11
Caddo horticultural and agricultural economies 16
Long distance trade 21
Population densities and estimate 22
Chapter 2 Everyday things: the character of prehistoric and Early Historic Caddo ceramics 23
Chapter 3 Environmental setting and paleoenvironmental changes 35
Habitats 35
Pollen and tree ring records and paleoenvironmental change 37
Drought indices 42
Chapter 4 The beginnings of Caddo groups and communities c AD 850-1200 43
Woodland period ancestors 43
Formative to Early Caddo settlements and communities 48
Constructed mounds 49
Key non-mound sites 77
Chapter 5 Caddo dispersion across the East Texas forests c. AD 1200-1400 87
Settlements and communities 87
Constructed mounds 89
Key non-mound sites 110
Chapter 6 The full flowering of Caddo communities in East Texas c. AD 1400-1680, with contributions Robert L. Cast Ross C. Fields 130
Settlements and political communities 137
Key Texarkana and McCurtain Phase sites 139
Key Titus phase sites and constructed mounds, with contributions Ross C. Fields 174
Angelina and Salt Lick phase sites Key Frankston 193
Chapter 7 Caddo peoples and communities in East Texas at the time of European Colonization, c. AD 1680-1838, with contributions Robert L. Cast Tom Middlebrook 208
Settlements and communities 215
Key sites 217
Other Nacogdoches County sites Tom Middlebrook 235
Chapter 8 The Future of Caddo Archaeology 247
Final thoughts 250
Appendix 1 Key Caddo sites to visit in the East Texas Forests 253
Bibliography 255
Index of sites 271
General index 274
