Charles de Gaulle: A Thorn in the Side of Six American Presidents

by William R. Keylor

Overview

In this definitive history, William R. Keylor traces the tumultuous relationship between Charles de Gaulle and a host of other key twentieth-century figures: his former mentor Marshal Philippe Pétain, who headed the collaborationist government in the southern French city of Vichy as the German army occupied the northern two-thirds of the country; Sir Winston Churchill, the British prime minister whose government supported and financed de Gaulle and the Free French, but who clashed with the French leader on a number of hot-button issues; and, most critically, the six American presidents from FDR to Nixon. Keylor uses the metaphor “thorn in the side” to emphasize the fact that challenges from the intrepid French leader were often an annoyance to the Americans, who all had many more important issues to deal with—World War II for Roosevelt and Truman, the Cold War for Eisenhower, and the Vietnam War for Kennedy and Johnson. Richard Nixon alone had an excellent relationship, but the two men overlapped for only four months before de Gaulle’s retirement. Thoroughly researched and deeply knowledgeable, this gripping book will appeal to all readers interested in contemporary French and US history.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781442236745
Publisher:	Bloomsbury Academic
Publication date:	12/07/2020
Pages:	376
Product dimensions:	6.00(w) x 9.00(h) x 1.00(d)

About the Author

William R. Keylor is professor emeritus at the Pardee School of Global Studies at Boston University. He has received the Metcalf Award for Excellence in Teaching and the Methodist Scholar-Teacher Award; has been a Fulbright scholar; and has been awarded fellowships by the Guggenheim Foundation, the Woodrow Wilson Foundation, the Whiting Foundation, and the Earhart Foundation. He is an elected member of the International Institute of Strategic Studies and a former president of the Society for French Historical Studies, and was named Chevalier de l’Ordre national du Mérite by the French government.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgments
Introduction
Chapter 1 The Young Charles de Gaulle, 1890–1940: Before the Fall of France
Chapter 2 Fallen France, 1940–1941: Occupation, Collaboration, and Exile
Chapter 3 FDR and de Gaulle, 1940–1945: A Cold Shoulder from the “Stubborn Dutchman” to the “Stubborn Frenchman”
Chapter 4 France’s Role in the Postwar International Order
Chapter 5 Truman and de Gaulle, 1945–1946: A Brief Encounter with Pinpricks
Chapter 6 De Gaulle in the Political Wilderness, 1946–1958: Failed Attempt at a Comeback before Success
Chapter 7 Eisenhower and de Gaulle, 1958–1961: Two Wartime Buddies in Power
Chapter 8 Kennedy and de Gaulle, 1961–1963: JFK’s Grand Design Derailed
Chapter 9 Johnson and de Gaulle, 1963–1968: Distant Antagonists
Chapter 10 Nixon and de Gaulle, 1969: Realism Triumphant and Mutual Admiration
Chapter 11 De Gaulle and the United States: A Long and Contentious Relationship
A Note on Sources
Notes
Bibliography
Index
About the Author

Editorial Reviews

Over the course of 11 chapters, Keylor charts the path of Charles de Gaulle, France's foremost 20th-century leader, as he interacted with the six American presidencies that accompanied his political career. Though emphasizing and elucidating de Gaulle's relationship with those leaders, Keylor also provides a substantial biography of the first president of France's Fifth Republic (established in 1958). The source base draws widely from primary sources, yet the author does a good job of incorporating the salient points of the numerous de Gaulle biographies that have appeared over the years. Some discussions are extremely rich, notably those concerning the Frenchman's relationships with Presidents Roosevelt and Eisenhower. The balanced approach corrects several common misconceptions that dominate American views of French foreign policy in the 1950s and 1960s by contextualizing France within a globally evolving international situation.... this book succeeds in charting the many disputes that made de Gaulle both unbearable in and essential to the Franco-American special relationship. Recommended.” —Choice Reviews

“De Gaulle’s personal relations with his American counterparts ran the spectrum from virtually non-existent (Johnson) t0 disdain and distrust (FDR) to exceedingly cordial (Nixon). This aspect of the book provides a fascinating window into the history of the time, but is perhaps of limited applicability to today’s foreign policy analyst or practitioner. Yet Keylor’s story becomes both interesting and potentially quite useful when he describes how de Gaulle deftly navigated, and in other respects shaped, the postwar European landscape.... What Keylor’s history ultimately shows us is that de Gaulle was perhaps the best friend we never knew we had.” —The American Conservative

“In this elegantly written and extensively researched book, Keylor provides an excellent account of how six US presidents—from FDR and his stubborn refusal to recognize the leader of Free France to Richard Nixon and his embrace of the founder of the Fifth Republic—dealt with the de Gaulle challenge. At a time when the United States and Europe seem bound to drift further apart—as de Gaulle believed was inevitable—this is a must-read.” —Frédéric Bozo, Sorbonne (University of Paris III)

“General Charles de Gaulle, the prickly leader of the Free French during World War II and later president of the Fifth French Republic, crossed swords with five successive presidents of the United States, establishing real rapport only with the sixth—Richard Nixon. William Keylor gives us a lively, thoughtful, and deeply researched account of these relationships.” —Robert Paxton, Columbia University

“From World War II through the upheavals of Vietnam, Charles de Gaulle infuriated and antagonized American presidents. Yet his worldview reflected his profound patriotism and his belief that France had a destiny to shape world affairs. William Keylor’s empathy for France, his mastery of the vast source material, and his skill as one of our leading diplomatic historians make this insightful study of Franco-American relations during de Gaulle’s long career a delightful and essential book.” —William I. Hitchcock, University of Virginia

“In a dense, concise and nuanced text, drawn up from a rich bibliography of secondary sources and numerous archives, drawn from both sides of the Atlantic, the historian retraces the complex relationship that General de Gaulle maintained with five of the six American presidents he had dealt with, from Franklin D. Roosevelt to Lyndon B. Johnson, before experiencing a real upturn with Richard M. Nixon.... Very pleasant to read, punctuated with tasty quotes that make the historical analysis particularly lively, this study gives pride of place to human relations likely to influence strictly geopolitical considerations.... [A]llows a nice historical perspective of Franco-American relations.” —IdeAs: Idées d'Amériques

From the Publisher

In this elegantly written and extensively researched book, Keylor provides an excellent account of how six US presidents—from FDR and his stubborn refusal to recognize the leader of Free France to Richard Nixon and his embrace of the founder of the Fifth Republic—dealt with the de Gaulle challenge. At a time when the United States and Europe seem bound to drift further apart—as de Gaulle believed was inevitable—this is a must-read.

Frédéric Bozo

Over the course of 11 chapters, Keylor charts the path of Charles de Gaulle, France's foremost 20th-century leader, as he interacted with the six American presidencies that accompanied his political career. Though emphasizing and elucidating de Gaulle's relationship with those leaders, Keylor also provides a substantial biography of the first president of France's Fifth Republic (established in 1958). The source base draws widely from primary sources, yet the author does a good job of incorporating the salient points of the numerous de Gaulle biographies that have appeared over the years. Some discussions are extremely rich, notably those concerning the Frenchman's relationships with Presidents Roosevelt and Eisenhower. The balanced approach corrects several common misconceptions that dominate American views of French foreign policy in the 1950s and 1960s by contextualizing France within a globally evolving international situation.... this book succeeds in charting the many disputes that made de Gaulle both unbearable in and essential to the Franco-American special relationship. Recommended.

Choice Reviews

From World War II through the upheavals of Vietnam, Charles de Gaulle infuriated and antagonized American presidents. Yet his worldview reflected his profound patriotism and his belief that France had a destiny to shape world affairs. William Keylor’s empathy for France, his mastery of the vast source material, and his skill as one of our leading diplomatic historians make this insightful study of Franco-American relations during de Gaulle’s long career a delightful and essential book.

William I. Hitchcock

General Charles de Gaulle, the prickly leader of the Free French during World War II and later president of the Fifth French Republic, crossed swords with five successive presidents of the United States, establishing real rapport only with the sixth—Richard Nixon. William Keylor gives us a lively, thoughtful, and deeply researched account of these relationships.

Robert Paxton

De Gaulle’s personal relations with his American counterparts ran the spectrum from virtually non-existent (Johnson) t0 disdain and distrust (FDR) to exceedingly cordial (Nixon). This aspect of the book provides a fascinating window into the history of the time, but is perhaps of limited applicability to today’s foreign policy analyst or practitioner. Yet Keylor’s story becomes both interesting and potentially quite useful when he describes how de Gaulle deftly navigated, and in other respects shaped, the postwar European landscape.... What Keylor’s history ultimately shows us is that de Gaulle was perhaps the best friend we never knew we had.

The American Conservative

In a dense, concise and nuanced text, drawn up from a rich bibliography of secondary sources and numerous archives, drawn from both sides of the Atlantic, the historian retraces the complex relationship that General de Gaulle maintained with five of the six American presidents he had dealt with, from Franklin D. Roosevelt to Lyndon B. Johnson, before experiencing a real upturn with Richard M. Nixon.... Very pleasant to read, punctuated with tasty quotes that make the historical analysis particularly lively, this study gives pride of place to human relations likely to influence strictly geopolitical considerations.... [A]llows a nice historical perspective of Franco-American relations.

IdeAs: Idées d'Amériques

Over the course of 11 chapters, Keylor charts the path of Charles de Gaulle, France's foremost 20th-century leader, as he interacted with the six American presidencies that accompanied his political career. Though emphasizing and elucidating de Gaulle's relationship with those leaders, Keylor also provides a substantial biography of the first president of France's Fifth Republic (established in 1958). The source base draws widely from primary sources, yet the author does a good job of incorporating the salient points of the numerous de Gaulle biographies that have appeared over the years. Some discussions are extremely rich, notably those concerning the Frenchman's relationships with Presidents Roosevelt and Eisenhower. The balanced approach corrects several common misconceptions that dominate American views of French foreign policy in the 1950s and 1960s by contextualizing France within a globally evolving international situation.... this book succeeds in charting the many disputes that made de Gaulle both unbearable in and essential to the Franco-American special relationship. Recommended.

Choice

In this elegantly written and extensively researched book, Keylor provides an excellent account of how six US presidents—from FDR and his stubborn refusal to recognize the leader of Free France to Richard Nixon and his embrace of the founder of the Fifth Republic—dealt with the de Gaulle challenge. At a time when the United States and Europe seem bound to drift further apart—as de Gaulle believed was inevitable—this is a must-read.

Frédéric Bozo