City Lights: Urban-Suburban Life in the Global Society / Edition 3

City Lights: Urban-Suburban Life in the Global Society / Edition 3

by E. Barbara Phillips
ISBN-10:
0195325036
ISBN-13:
9780195325034
Pub. Date:
11/13/2009
Publisher:
Oxford University Press
ISBN-10:
0195325036
ISBN-13:
9780195325034
Pub. Date:
11/13/2009
Publisher:
Oxford University Press
City Lights: Urban-Suburban Life in the Global Society / Edition 3

City Lights: Urban-Suburban Life in the Global Society / Edition 3

by E. Barbara Phillips
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Overview

Now in its third edition, City Lights: Urban-Suburban Life in the Global Society is the most interdisciplinary urban studies book on the market. It skillfully blends social science perspectives with insights from the visual arts and humanities to provide a comprehensive introduction to cities, suburbs, and post-suburban areas and how they work. Motivating students to develop their own perspectives on the issues, author E. Barbara Phillips provides an extended discussion of "doing social science," systematically showing how scholarly controversy and public debates over urban-suburban policy are rooted in deep-seated differences: in ideologies, research methods, theoretical orientations, academic disciplines, and/or levels of analysis.

Featuring a unique combination of serious scholarship and an accessible, engaging writing style, City Lights, Third Edition, is ideal for courses in urban sociology, urban studies, urban growth and development, urban theory, and urban history. It incorporates many helpful pedagogical features, including almost 200 photographs and illustrations, real-life case studies, excerpts from classic works, key terms, and suggestions for further learning. In addition, end-of-chapter projects encourage students to apply what they have learned by participating in research, activism, or other civic pursuits in their own communities.

Thoroughly revised and updated, the third edition features

* A focus on the U.S. city but also a global emphasis throughout, with in-depth profiles of such cities as Kyoto, Cordóba, Shanghai, Mumbai, and Mexico City; numerous global-local links; and a new chapter (5) on global urbanization and the urban system
* Updated statistical data
* Detailed coverage of the Internet's influence on personal, political, and economic relations
* Discussions of numerous new topics including the impact of terrorism on cities, new immigrants in the U.S. and elsewhere, gated communities, building "green," and the "New Urbanism" in the U.S
* Analyses of recent political, social, and economic changes—including economic downturns—and their effects on urbanites and suburbanites in the U.S. and worldwide

Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780195325034
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Publication date: 11/13/2009
Edition description: New Edition
Pages: 752
Product dimensions: 7.50(w) x 9.20(h) x 1.10(d)

Table of Contents

Chapters 4-20 end with "ANOTHER LOOK" sectionsAcknowledgmentsIntroductionPART I. AN INVITATION TO THE CITYCHAPTER 1. THE KNOWING EYE AND EARTwo Paths to Understanding the City"Acquaintance with" and "Knowledge about" Metropolitan LifeRethinking the Two PathsUnderstanding Chicago in its Heyday, 1890s-1920sUsing Social Science and Literature as Paths to KnowledgeLabor Radicalism, Industrial Progress, and Social ReformUrban Researchers and Writers: Convergent GoalsThe City BeautifulChicago: Microcosm of the New Industrial OrderCHAPTER 2. THINKING ABOUT CITIESWhat You See Depends on How You Look at ItDifferent Modes of UnderstandingAcademic and Occupational PerspectivesEven Road Maps Contain a Point of ViewExpanding Our Vision of the CityFragmentation of the Social SciencesWays of Expanding Our VisionUrban StudiesDisciplinary Perspectives: The Examples of Slums and MegaslumsEconomicsGeographySociologyPolitical ScienceAnthropologyHistoryPsychology, Social Psychology, and Social PsychiatryPublic AdministrationCity Planning and Urban DesignCommunications and Information TechnologyEnvironmental StudiesLiterature and the ArtsMaking Some ConnectionsCHAPTER 3. POSING THE QUESTIONSDoing ScienceReasoning, Deductive and InductiveSystematic AnalysisFacts, Hypotheses, and Value JudgmentsWhy Social Scientists DisagreeTheoretical OrientationsDisciplinary PerspectivesResearch MethodsLevels of AnalysisIdeologies and ValuesSubtle Influences on ResearchersAttitudes Toward Solving "Social Problems"What Questions to AskPART II. POLIS, METROPOLIS, MEGALOPOLISCHAPTER 4. FROM URBAN SPECKS TO GLOBAL CITIESThe First CitiesDigging into Urban HistoryWhat Is a City? The First Urban Settlements: An OverviewThe Childe Thesis: The Urban Revolution in MesopotamiaCounterviews on the Origin of Cities: Trade, the Sacred, and the Spirit of the PeopleAn Emerging Theory of Early City MakingTrying to Classify CitiesPreindustrial versus Industrial Cities (Sjoberg)A Sampler of CitiesThe Glory That Was GreeceKyoto: "The Most Japanese of Japanese Cities"From Rome to Medieval European CitiesMuslim Córdoba, Spain: "The Ornament of the World"Mexico City: Imperial City, Colonial City, MegalopolisManchester, England: Symbol of the New Industrial CityHuis Ten Bosch, Japan: Theme-Park CityBom Bahia/Bombay/Mumbai/"Slumbay"Silicon ValleyShanghai, ChinaU.S. Urban RootsSpecks in the WildernessAntiurbanism of the IntellectualsFrom Walking City to Streetcar SuburbCHAPTER 5. URBANIZATION AND THE URBAN SYSTEMUrbanization of the World's PopulationThe Process of UrbanizationIndustrialization and Urbanization in Western Europe and North AmericaUrbanization in Poor CountriesWorldwide, the Present (and Future) Is UrbanThe World Urban SystemGlobalization of CitiesThe International Division of Labor, Old and NewU.S. Cities in the World Urban SystemCities in the Global EnvironmentCHAPTER 6. THE TIES THAT BINDWhat is a Community?Communities Based on TerritoryCommunities Based on Common CultureA Sense of CommunityThe Athenian Polis of Ancient GreeceA Communal Way of LifeClassical Urban TheoryTypologies of the Rural-Urban ShiftGemeinschaft and Gesellschaft (Tönnies)Mechanical and Organic Social Solidarity (Durkheim)Culture and Civilization (Spengler)Urban Personality (Wirth)Preindustrial and Industrial Cities (Sjoberg)Adding a Third Type: TechnoschaftHow Useful are the Rural-Urban Typologies?Untested HypothesesContrary EvidenceDeterministic AssumptionsContemporary IrrelevanceJumbled VariablesCHAPTER 7. METROPOLITAN COMMUNITYSocial Cement in the MetropolisMetropolitan Community: Alive or Extinct? One View: Metropolitan Division of LaborAlternative View: New International Division of Labor ("Needle")Urban Ecologists versus "New" Urban Theorists: A Case StudyMeasuring Functional InterdependenceThe Need for New ConceptsMetropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) and Micropolitan Area in the United StatesConsolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA) or MegalopolisRural and Micropolitan AreasWhere Are We Headed in the United States?U.S. Population ShiftsFrom Rural to UrbanFrom Urban to Suburban and PostsuburbanBack to the Land? From Frostbelt to SunbeltInterpreting the Population TrendsCHAPTER 8. MAKING CONNECTIONSSearching for Community, or New Houses?Suburbanization: An Almost Worldwide PhenomenonDiatribes Against "Suburbia"The Myth of SuburbiaLevittownTaking the Sub Out of SuburbanEnergy Costs and SuburbsThe Transformation of Milpitas, California, 1954-2000ZIP Codes as NeighborhoodsPlaceless, Faceless Communities: InterconnectivitiesSocial NetworksA Structural Approach to CommunityWhat Now, What Next?Gated CommunitiesGrand Dreams and Grandiose SchemesPART III. PLURIBUS VERSUS UNUMCHAPTER 9. MOVIN' ONMigrant Experiences in the United StatesThe Old MigrationInternal MigrationThe New MigrationSome Impacts of the NewcomersFrom Ellis Island to LAXAdjustments to Urban LifeIrish Catholics and East European Jews in New York CityChicanos and Koreans in Los AngelesInternational Migration and Internal Migration GloballyNumbers, Definitions, and Data IssuesInternal MigrantsThe Need for New U.S. ModelsCubans in Miami"Global Villagers"CHAPTER 10. IDENTITY CRISISWorldwide EthnographiesGlobal Identity . . .. . . versus the Pull of "Lesser Loyalties"Civics versus EthnicsWhat Happened to the U.S. Melting Pot?Race, Ethnicity, and Minority GroupsFrom Minority to MajorityA Clash of Values: White Ethnics versus WASP SupercultureOnce Again, the Entanglement of Race/Ethnicity and ClassThe Grand CanyonSymbolic EthnicityFeelings and FoodThe StewpotNative Americans: The UnassimilatedAfrican Americans: Permanent Underclass? Hispanics/Latinos: Climbing Up? Making It: Japanese AmericansGays and Lesbians: Like an Ethnic Group? MulticulturalismPART IV. RULES OF THE GAMECHAPTER 11. SOCIAL LADDERSTwo Ways of Looking at Social Stratification: Marx and WeberLiving on the CuspMarx and Weber: No Specifically Urban TheoryMarx and the Concept of Class"Dream Up, Blame Down"Marx, the Inescapable CriticWeber's View of Social Stratification: Class, Status, PowerConceptual UpdatesThe American Class StructureCurrent Debate: Does Class Still Matter? Cultural CapitalStudies of Urban Social Stratification in the United StatesYankee City: Lifestyles in a New England TownJonesville: A Typical Town, and How Its People Justify InequalityStudies of Particular Strata in the CityGlobal Social Stratification ResearchVeracruz, Mexico; Central and Eastern Europe; and ChinaGlobalization and InequalityOther Variables Influencing Social RankReligionEthnicity, Religion, and RegionRace and EthnicityEthclassGenderWomen in CitiesAgeCHAPTER 12. DISCOVERING THE RULESTaking a Fresh Look at the FamiliarPedestrian BehaviorSubway BehaviorEavesdropping: Urbanites as SpiesBar BehaviorATM BehaviorOffice Behavior: A Comparative LookEveryday Games and DramasWhose Games Do We Play?"The Definition of the Situation" (Thomas)Social Order Amid Multiple Realities"The Presentation of Self" (Goffman)Walking the TightropeMinimizing Involvement, Maximizing Social OrderConstructing Social RealityThe Public Definition of RealityCombining Micro- and Macroanalysis to Study Social BehaviorCase Study: Tally's CornerPART V. WHO RUNS THIS TOWN?CHAPTER 13. THE SKELETON OF POWER"Who Runs This Town"The Scope of GovernmentGovernment's Limited Scope in the United StatesParadoxical Attitudes Toward GovernmentPublic-Private Sector RelationshipsThe "Proper" Role of Local GovernmentLocal Political EnvironmentsCities as Creatures of Their StateGeneral Law Cities and Charter CitiesDillon's RuleChanging RelationshipsState Legislatures and City InterestsSuburbs versus Cities"Urbanization of the Suburbs"Local Governments in a Global Society: "Taking Responsibility for the Sky"Forms of City GovernmentMayor-Council FormCouncil-Manager FormCommission FormOrganization of City GovernmentsMayors, Strong or WeakHyperpluralism and Government by BureaucratsThe Context of Local GovernmentFragmentation of the MetropolisSpecial DistrictsCounties (Including Urban Counties)The State's Role in Urban AffairsAreawide Planning EffortsChanging Governmental Structures and PatternsBroad Regional Government? Traditional Responses and Minor AdaptationsInnovative ExperimentsPrivatization of Public ServicesThe Report CardThe Federal Role in Urban AffairsExpansion of Federal Involvement in U.S. Life, 1930s-1950sHow Federal Policy Affected Postwar Housing and TransportationFrom Federalism to the New Federalism, 1960s-1992A Nameless Period: 1992-Summer 2008The Question Reconsidered: Who Runs This Town?Case Study: What Bananas Learned About the Formal Structure of GovernmentCHAPTER 14. BOSSES, BOODLERS, AND REFORMERSThe City Political MachineA Bunch of Crooks or Friend of the Poor? How City Machines Work(ed)What Services Machines Provide(d)Case Study: New York City's Tweed Ring, 1866-1871Case Study: The Richard J. Daley Machine in Chicago, 1955-1976—and Way BeyondWhy Machines RiseWhy Machines FallLocal Government ReformThe Goo-Goos: A Disparate LotThrusts of the Reform MovementHow Successful Were the Reformers?Bosses and Machines: An UpdateRobert Moses, Newer-Style BossThe Local-National ConnectionCHAPTER 15. GETTING THINGS DONECoalition PoliticsU.S. Case Study: The Fight over Yerba BuenaCommunity PowerThe Elitist ModelThe Pluralist ModelThe City-as-a-Growth-Machine ModelComparing the ModelsWhy the Theorists DisagreeApplying These Models ElsewhereCitizen PoliticsCitizen ParticipationDark ShadowsElectronic Democracy? Case Study Continued: How Bananas Learned Who Runs This Town and Got Some Things DonePART VI. SPACE AND PLACECHAPTER 16. METROPOLITAN FORM AND SPACEBringing Space Back InHenri Lefebvre's InfluenceThe System of CitiesCentral Place TheoryDoes Central Place Theory Work Today? The U.S. System of CitiesClassifying Cities by FunctionNewer Spatial ModelsThe Global Network of CitiesThe Internal Structure of U.S. CitiesClassic ModelsHow Useful Are the Classic Models? Social Area Analysis: A Method of Investigating Urban Growth and DifferentiationComputer Models of Urban StructurePerspectives on Metropolitan Space Since the 1970sThe Political Economy Model or the "New" Urban ParadigmThe Multinucleated Metropolitan Region Model (or "Polycentric Urban Region")Where People LiveHow Race and Ethnicity Affect Housing PatternsWhat People Live InHow Age Affects Housing PatternsGentrificationEconomic Activities in U.S. Metropolitan SpaceCentral Business DistrictDecentralized and Multicentered Commercial ActivitiesManufacturingCHAPTER 17. A SENSE OF PLACEPerception: Filtering RealityCultural FiltersSocial FiltersPsychological FiltersPerceiving the Built EnvironmentArchitecture as Symbolic PoliticsLas Vegas, NevadaChina: Shaping an Emerging National IdentityDoes Environment Determine Behavior?Case Study: Pruitt-Igoe St. LouisCase Study 2: Cabrini-Green, ChicagoThe Spirit and Energy of PlaceGenius LociFeng ShuiExperiencing Personal SpacePersonal Space as Protective BubblePersonalizing Our Space: Home Territories"The Architecture of Despair"Privatization of Domestic Public SpacePrivatization of Once-Public SpaceExperiencing Social SpacePublic and Private Space as SymbolColonizing Social SpaceStreet People's TurfStreetsGlobalization and the Experience of "Somewhere"Policy ImplicationsEnvironmental PsychologyKey Concepts and Research ThrustsRats, Chickens, and PeopleShaping SpaceDesign PrinciplesDesigning the Natural EnvironmentThe Image of the CityMaking the City ObservableDesigners, Grand and Less GrandPierre-Charles L'Enfant's Washington, D.C.Utopian VisionariesCompany Towns: Lowell, Massachusetts, and Pullman, IllinoisBaron Haussmann's ParisThe City Beautiful MovementEbenezer Howard's Garden CityMegastructures or Ministructures? Postnationalist ArchitectureThe New UrbanismCelebration, Florida: Walt Disney Meets Norman Rockwell?Other Alternatives"Green" StructuresCar-less Communities?PART VII. PAYING THEIR WAYCHAPTER 18. PRODUCING, CONSUMING, EXCHANGING, TAXING, AND SPENDINGPolitical Economy: A Beginning VocabularySupply, Demand, Price, and the Market MechanismProfitUtilityExternalitiesEquityEfficiencyAn Alternative VocabularyCapitalSurplus ValueMonopoly CapitalismLate CapitalismSocial Structures of AccumulationThe Informational Mode of DevelopmentA Participatory BudgetA Newer VocabularyRestorative Economy and SustainabilityThe Economy of Metropolitan AreasCities and MSAs in the National and Global EconomiesBasic and Nonbasic SectorsThe Underground EconomyIdentifying Basic Sector IndustriesCase Study: CalienteHow Globalization Affects Local FinanceA Volatile Global EconomyPaying for Local ServicesInternational TrendsU.S. National, Regional, and State Trends and PoliciesCHAPTER 19. BLUE-COLLAR, WHITE-COLLAR, NO-COLLAR, SHIRTLESSTHE POSTWORK SOCIETYThe Human Dimension: Work and the IndividualLowell, Massachusetts: Working Conditions of America's First Female Labor ForceNew England to the New South to Offshore: More Hard Times in the MillModern TimesAlienationThe Anomic Division of LaborWorker Satisfaction, Overwork, and StressWorker Underwork—and StressLocal Occupational StructuresThe Relationship of Jobs to Social Climate and GovernanceChanging U.S. Employment PatternsContingent or Temporary WorkThe Dual CityThe Dual NationPoverty in U.S. Metropolitan AreasDefining PovertyWho Are the U.S. Metropolitan Poor? Why Are They Poor?, Tally's CornerWhat Should Be Done About Poverty?FINALE: TO BE CONTINUEDBrief BiographiesIndex
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