Educating Early Christians through the Rhetoric of Hell: 'Weeping and Gnashing of Teeth' as Paideia in Matthew and the Early Church
307Educating Early Christians through the Rhetoric of Hell: 'Weeping and Gnashing of Teeth' as Paideia in Matthew and the Early Church
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Overview
Product Details
ISBN-13: | 9783161529634 |
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Publisher: | Mohr Siebeck |
Publication date: | 11/01/2014 |
Series: | Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament 2.Reihe , #382 |
Pages: | 307 |
Product dimensions: | 6.06(w) x 9.06(h) x 0.90(d) |
Table of Contents
Preface vii
Chapter 1 The History of Hellish Rhetoric
I Why Hell?: The Historical Relevance of the Rhetoric of Eternal Punishment 1
II Hell and the History of Religions 3
III Beyond Genesis: Ideology, Fluidity, and the History of Interpretation 8
IV A Word about the Terminology for Eternal Punishment 10
V Plan of the Book 11
Chapter 2 Death, Judgment, and the Abode of the Dead as Malleable Rhetorical Tools in the Hebrew Bible
I Introduction 14
II Concepts of the Abode of the Dead in the Hebrew Bible 17
a All Dead Travel to a Common place 19
b The Place of the Dead as a Descripter 23
i Dark, Dusty and Generally Undesirable Place 23
ii A Poetic Marker for Depth, or a Remote Place 24
iii The Opposite of the Heavens 24
III The Abode of the Dead as a Rhetorical Tool in the Hebrew Bible 25
a Vivid or Dramatic Imagery: The Abode of the Dead as Spectacle or Metaphor 25
b Sorting the Dead: The Abode of the Dead Signifying Judgment or Punishment 28
c The Abode of the Dead as a Tool for Moral Formation in the Hebrew Bible 33
i The Life and Death Contrast in the Hebrew Bible 33
ii The Abode of the Dead as Ethical Motivation 36
IV Conclusion 41
Chapter 3 Learning from the Dead: Hades as an Expression of Paideia in Greek and Latin Literature
I Introduction 43
II Greek and Roman Rhetoric and Education: The Role of Ethical Instruction within Greek and Roman Paideia 44
a Paideia as Rhetorical Training 44
b Paideia and Early Christianity 48
c Paideia as Cultural and Ethical Education 51
d Ekphrasis: The Pedagogical use of Rhetoric in Transmitting Cultural Values 54
III Greek and Roman Examples of Hell as Paideia 65
a Prevalence of Homer and Virgil in Ancient School Texts 65
b Visualizing Punishment: The Use of Ekphrasis in Depictions of Hades 67
i The Katabasis 67
ii Evidence of Ekphrasis: The Language of Perception 69
iii Evidence of Ekphrasis: The Presence of Enargeia or "Vividness" 72
iv Explicit Communication of the Didactic Function of the Ekphrasis 75
c The Spectacle of Punishment as Paideia 77
IV Conclusion 82
Chapter 4 Periegesis?: The Journey through the Places of the Dead in Jewish Apocalyptic Literature
I Introduction 83
II The Genre of Geographic "Tours" in Jewish Apocalyptic Literature 85
III The Rhetorical Function of "Tours": Parallel to Periegesis of Greek and Latin Literature? 92
a Spatial Differentiation: Directional Cues and Geographic Descriptions 94
b Order and Meaning: Implicit Paideia in the Jewish Apocalypses 99
IV Conclusion 107
Chapter 5 A Choice Between Two Ways: The Rhetoric of Eternal Punishment in the New Testament
I Introduction 108
II Ekphrasis of Enargeia?: Analyzing the Rhetoric of Description in the NT 109
III The Pedagogical Function of Eternal Punishment in the NT 112
a Mark 9:42-50 112
b Q 10, 15 and 12, 4-5 117
c Luke 122
d James 126
e 2 Peter 128
f Revelation 131
IV Conclusion 137
Chapter 6 The Pedagogical Role of Eschatological Judgment, Eternal Punishment, and the Afterlife in Matthew
I Introduction 138
II Education in Matthew: An Exercise in Community Formation 138
a Matthew's Audience 139
b Matthew's Interest in Paideia and the Formation of Ecclesia 139
III The Role of Apocalyptic Eschatology within Matthew's "Curriculum" 149
IV The Pedagogical Function of Eternal Punishment in Matthew 153
a Matthew's Use of Terminology 153
b Evidence of Ekphrasis: The Presence of Enargeia or "Vividness" 156
c Explicit Communication of the Didactic Function of the Ekphrasis 163
d The Description of Punishment as Paideia: Rhetoric of Ethical and Cultural Education 166
V Conclusion 173
Chapter 7 The Pedagogical Function of Hell in the Early Christian Apocalypses and the Early Church
I Introduction 174
II Dating and Reception of Tours of Hell 175
III Interpreting and Expanding the New Testament Picture of "Hell" in Early Christian Apocalypses 182
a Interpreting Matthew in the Apocalypse of Peter 183
b Reading Matthew and Paul together in the Apocalypse of Paul 189
c Pleading for Mercy and Reinventing the Beatitudes in the Latin Vision of Ezra and the Greek Apocalypse of Ezra 196
d "Biblical Theology" in the Greek Apocalypse of Mary 199
IV The Pedagogical Function of Hell in the Early Christian Apocalypses 202
a Evidence of Ekphrasis: Periegesis 202
b Evidence of Ekphrasis: Language of Perception 205
c Evidence of Ekphrasis: Enargeia or "Vividness" 207
d The Spectacle of Punishment as Paideia: Explicit Communication of the Didactic Function of Ekphrasis 211
V The Pedagogical Function of Hell in the Early Church Fathers 217
a Chrysostom: Zeal in Appropriating Hell as the Heart of Christian Paideia 218
b Augustine: Distinguishing Christian Paideia from the Tools of the Empire 220
VI Conclusion 222
Chapter 8 Conclusion: The Landscape of Hell and the Cultivation of Early Christianity
I How did "Hell" Emerge as an Educational Tool for Early Christians? 224
II Hell, What is it Good For?: Damnation and the Cultivation of Culture 228
III Dante's Spell: Reflections on Our Hellish Inheritance 230
Appendix A Concepts of the Abode of the Dead in the Hebrew Bible 233
Appendix B The Abode of the Dead as a Rhetorical Tool in the Hebrew Bible 240
Appendix C Ekphrasis in Greek and Latin Texts that Deal with Hades extensively 247
Appendix D Enargeia of "Hell" in the New Testament (apart from Matthew) 248
Appendix E Enargeia of Eternal Punishment in Matthew 249
Appendix F Eschatological Fire in Matthew 252
Appendix G "Weeping and Gnashing of Teeth" in Matthew 252
Bibliography 255
Index of Ancient Sources 277
Index of Modern Authors 291
Subject Index 292