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Overview
Sams Teach Yourself Microsoft SQL Server T-SQL in 10 Minutes offers straightforward, practical answers when you need fast results. By working through 10-minute lessons, you’ll learn everything you need to know to take advantage of Microsoft SQL Server’s T-SQL language.
This handy pocket guide starts with simple data retrieval and moves on to more complex topics, including the use of joins, subqueries, full text-based searches, functions and stored procedures, cursors, triggers, table constraints, XML, and much more.
You’ll learn what you need to know methodically, systematically, and simply–in highly focused lessons designed to make you immediately and effortlessly productive.
Tips point out shortcuts and solutions
Cautions help you avoid common pitfalls
Notes explain additional concepts, and provide additional information
10 minutes is all you need to learn how to…
- Use T-SQL in the Microsoft SQL Server environment
- Construct complex T-SQL statements using multiple clauses and operators
- Filter data so you get the information you need quickly
- Retrieve, sort, and format database contents
- Join two or more related tables
- Make SQL Server work for you with globalization and localization
- Create subqueries to pinpoint your data
- Automate your workload with triggers
- Create and alter database tables
- Work with views, stored procedures, and more
Register your book at www.samspublishing.com/register to download examples and source code from this book.
Product Details
| ISBN-13: | 9780768690002 |
|---|---|
| Publisher: | Pearson Education |
| Publication date: | 08/02/2007 |
| Series: | Sams Teach Yourself |
| Sold by: | Barnes & Noble |
| Format: | eBook |
| Pages: | 368 |
| Sales rank: | 570,185 |
| File size: | 6 MB |
About the Author
Ben Forta is Adobe Systems’s Senior Technical Evangelist and has over 20 years of experience in the computer industry in product development, support, training, and product marketing. Ben is the author of the bestselling Sams Teach Yourself SQL in 10 Minutes (now in its third edition, and translated into more than a dozen languages), MySQL Crash Course, ColdFusion Web Application Construction Kit and Advanced ColdFusion Development (both published by Que), Sams Teach Yourself Regular Expressions in 10 Minutes, as well as books on Flash, Java, WAP, Windows 2000, and other subjects. He has extensive experience in database design and development, has implemented databases for several highly successful commercial software programs, and is a frequent lecturer and columnist on Internet and database technologies. Born in London, England, and educated in London, New York, and Los Angeles, Ben now lives in Oak Park, Michigan with his wife Marcy and their seven children. Ben welcomes your email at ben@forta.com, and invites you to visit his website at http://www.forta.com/.
Read an Excerpt
IntroductionIntroduction
Microsoft® SQL Server has become one of the most popular database management systems in the world. From small development projects to some of the best-known and most prestigious sites on the Web, SQL Server has proven itself to be a solid, reliable, fast, and trusted solution to all sorts of data-storage needs.
This book is based on my best-selling book Sams Teach Yourself SQL in 10 Minutes, which has become one of the most-used SQL tutorials in the world, with an emphasis on teaching what you really need to know, methodically, systematically, and simply. But as popular and as successful as that book is, it does have some limitations:
In covering all the major DBMSs, coverage of DBMS-specific features and functionality had to be kept to a minimum.
To simplify the SQL taught, the lowest common denominator had to be found; SQL statements that would (as much as possible) work with all major DBMSs. This requirement necessitated that better DBMS-specific solutions not be covered.
Although basic SQL tends to be rather portable between DBMSs, more advanced SQL most definitely is not. As such, that book could not cover advanced topics, such as triggers, cursors, stored procedures, access control, transactions, and more in any real detail.
And that is where this book comes in. Sams Teach Yourself Microsoft® SQL Server T-SQL in 10 Minutes builds on the proven tutorials and structure of Sams Teach Yourself SQL in 10 Minutes, without getting bogged down with anything but Transact-SQL (T-SQL, for short). It starts with simple data retrieval and works on to more complex topics, including the use of joins,subqueries, full text-based searches, functions and stored procedures, cursors, triggers, table constraints,
Note: Written for SQL Server 2005 - This book was written with SQL Server 2005 in mind, and covers features and technologies new to that version of the software. However, with the exception of two lessons, the content and lessons can be used with earlier versions of SQL Server, including SQL Server 2000.
So turn to Lesson 1, "Understanding SQL," and get to work. You'll be taking advantage of all SQL Server has to offer in no time at all.Who Is This Book For?
This book is for you if...
You are new to SQL.
You are just getting started with SQL Server and want to hit the ground running.
You want to quickly learn how to get the most out of SQL Server and T-SQL.
You want to learn how to use T-SQL in your own application development.
You want to be productive quickly and easily using SQL Server without having to call someone for help.
This book has a companion website online at http://forta.com/books/0672328674/.
Visit the site to access the following:
Table creation and population scripts used to create the sample tables used throughout this book
The online support forum
Online errata (should one be required)
Other books that may be of interest to you
This book uses different typefaces to differentiate between code and regular English, and also to help you identify important concepts.
Text that you type and text that should appear on your screen is presented in monospace type. It looks like this to mimic the way text looks on your screen.
Placeholders for variables and expressions appear in monospace italic font. You should replace the placeholder with the specific value it represents.
This arrow (¬) at the beginning of a line of code means that a single line of code is too long to fit on the printed page. Continue typing all the characters after the ¬ as though they were part of the preceding line.
Note - A note presents interesting pieces of information related to the surrounding discussion.
Tip - A tip offers advice or teaches an easier way to do something.
Caution - A caution advises you about potential problems and helps you steer clear of disaster.
Plain English: New Term icons provide clear definitions of new, essential terms.
Input
Input identifies code that you can type in yourself. It usually appears next to a listing.
Output
Output highlights the output produced by running T-SQL code. It usually appears after a listing.
Analysis
Analysis alerts you to the author's line-by-line analysis of input or output.
© Copyright Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
Table of Contents
Introduction 1Who Is This Book For?..................................................................................................... 2
Companion Website............................................................................................................. 2
Conventions Used in This Book................................................................................. 3
1 Understanding SQL 5
Database Basics....................................................................................................................... 5
What Is SQL?......................................................................................................................... 11
Try It Yourself...................................................................................................................... 12
Summary.................................................................................................................................... 12
2 Introducing SQL Server 13
What Is SQL Server?......................................................................................................... 13
SQL Server Tools................................................................................................................ 16
Summary.................................................................................................................................... 18
3 Working with SQL Server 19
Making the Connection................................................................................................... 19
Selecting a Database........................................................................................................... 20
Learning About Databases and Tables................................................................ 21
Summary.................................................................................................................................... 25
4 Retrieving Data 27
The SELECT Statement................................................................................................. 27
Retrieving Individual Columns.................................................................................. 27
Retrieving Multiple Columns..................................................................................... 29
Retrieving All Columns................................................................................................... 31
Retrieving Distinct Rows.............................................................................................. 32
Limiting Results.................................................................................................................... 33
Using Fully Qualified Table Names...................................................................... 36
Summary.................................................................................................................................... 36
5 Sorting Retrieved Data 37
Sorting Data............................................................................................................................. 37
Sorting by Multiple Columns.................................................................................... 39
Specifying Sort Direction.............................................................................................. 40
Summary.................................................................................................................................... 43
6 Filtering Data 45
Using the WHERE Clause............................................................................................ 45
The WHERE Clause Operators................................................................................ 46
Summary.................................................................................................................................... 52
7 Advanced Data Filtering 53
Combining WHERE Clauses....................................................................................... 53
Using the IN Operator..................................................................................................... 57
Using the NOT Operator.............................................................................................. 59
Summary.................................................................................................................................... 60
8 Using Wildcard Filtering 61
Using the LIKE Operator.............................................................................................. 61
Tips for Using Wildcards.............................................................................................. 67
Summary.................................................................................................................................... 67
9 Creating Calculated Fields 69
Understanding Calculated Fields.............................................................................. 69
Concatenating Fields......................................................................................................... 70
Performing Mathematical Calculations............................................................... 75
Summary.................................................................................................................................... 77
10 Using Data Manipulation Functions 79
Understanding Functions............................................................................................... 79
Using Functions.................................................................................................................... 80
Summary.................................................................................................................................... 89
11 Summarizing Data 91
Using Aggregate Functions........................................................................................... 91
Aggregates on Distinct Values................................................................................... 98
Combining Aggregate Functions............................................................................ 100
Summary................................................................................................................................. 100
12 Grouping Data 101
Understanding Data Grouping................................................................................ 101
Creating Groups................................................................................................................ 102
Filtering Groups................................................................................................................ 103
Grouping and Sorting..................................................................................................... 106
SELECT Clause Ordering........................................................................................... 108
Summary................................................................................................................................. 109
13 Working with Subqueries 111
Understanding Subqueries.......................................................................................... 111
Filtering by Subquery.................................................................................................... 111
Using Subqueries as Calculated Fields.............................................................. 116
Checking for Existence with Subqueries.......................................................... 119
Summary................................................................................................................................. 121
14 Joining Tables 123
Understanding Joins....................................................................................................... 123
Creating a Join..................................................................................................................... 126
Summary................................................................................................................................. 135
15 Creating Advanced Joins 137
Using Table Aliases........................................................................................................ 137
Using Different Join Types...................................................................................... 138
Using Joins with Aggregate Functions............................................................. 145
Using Joins and Join Conditions........................................................................... 147
Summary................................................................................................................................. 147
16 Combining Queries 149
Understanding Combined Queries....................................................................... 149
Creating Combined Queries...................................................................................... 150
Summary................................................................................................................................. 155
17 Full-Text Searching 157
Understanding Full-Text Searching..................................................................... 157
Setting Up Full-Text Searching.............................................................................. 158
Performing Full-Text Searches................................................................................ 162
Summary................................................................................................................................. 170
18 Inserting Data 171
Understanding Data Insertion................................................................................. 171
Inserting Complete Rows........................................................................................... 172
Inserting Multiple Rows............................................................................................. 176
Inserting Retrieved Data.............................................................................................. 177
Summary................................................................................................................................. 179
19 Updating and Deleting Data 181
Updating Data..................................................................................................................... 181
Deleting Data....................................................................................................................... 183
Guidelines for Updating and Deleting Data.................................................. 184
Summary................................................................................................................................. 185
20 Creating and Manipulating Tables 187
Creating Tables................................................................................................................... 187
Updating Tables................................................................................................................ 195
Deleting Tables................................................................................................................... 197
Renaming Tables............................................................................................................... 198
Summary................................................................................................................................. 198
21 Using Views 199
Understanding Views..................................................................................................... 199
Using Views.......................................................................................................................... 201
Summary................................................................................................................................. 208
22 Programming with T-SQL 209
Understanding T-SQL Programming.................................................................. 209
Using Variables................................................................................................................... 210
Using Conditional Processing.................................................................................. 217
Grouping Statements..................................................................................................... 219
Using Looping..................................................................................................................... 221
Summary................................................................................................................................. 222
23 Working with Stored Procedures 223
Understanding Stored Procedures........................................................................ 223
Why Use Stored Procedures.................................................................................... 224
Using Stored Procedures............................................................................................. 225
Summary................................................................................................................................. 234
24 Using Cursors 235
Understanding Cursors................................................................................................. 235
Working with Cursors................................................................................................... 235
Summary................................................................................................................................. 242
25 Using Triggers 243
Understanding Triggers................................................................................................ 243
Using Triggers..................................................................................................................... 247
Summary................................................................................................................................. 250
26 Managing Transaction Processing 251
Understanding Transaction Processing............................................................ 251
Controlling Transactions............................................................................................. 253
Summary................................................................................................................................. 258
27 Working with XML 259
Understanding SQL Server XML Support................................................... 259
Retrieving Data as XML............................................................................................. 260
Storing XML Data........................................................................................................... 264
Searching for XML Data............................................................................................. 267
Summary................................................................................................................................. 268
28 Globalization and Localization 269
Understanding Character Sets and Collation Sequences...................... 269
Working with Collation Sequences...................................................................... 270
Managing Case Sensitivity........................................................................................ 273
Working with Unicode.................................................................................................. 275
Summary................................................................................................................................. 277
29 Managing Security 279
Understanding Access Control............................................................................... 279
Managing Users................................................................................................................. 281
Managing Access Rights............................................................................................. 283
Summary................................................................................................................................. 285
30 Improving Performance 287
Improving Performance................................................................................................ 287
Summary................................................................................................................................. 289
Appendixes
A Getting Started with SQL Server and T-SQL 291
B The Example Tables 295
C T-SQL Statement Syntax 303
D T-SQL Datatypes 309
E T-SQL Reserved Words 315
Preface
Introduction
Microsoft® SQL Server has become one of the most popular database management systems in the world. From small development projects to some of the best-known and most prestigious sites on the Web, SQL Server has proven itself to be a solid, reliable, fast, and trusted solution to all sorts of data-storage needs.
This book is based on my best-selling book Sams Teach Yourself SQL in 10 Minutes, which has become one of the most-used SQL tutorials in the world, with an emphasis on teaching what you really need to know, methodically, systematically, and simply. But as popular and as successful as that book is, it does have some limitations:
- In covering all the major DBMSs, coverage of DBMS-specific features and functionality had to be kept to a minimum.
- To simplify the SQL taught, the lowest common denominator had to be found; SQL statements that would (as much as possible) work with all major DBMSs. This requirement necessitated that better DBMS-specific solutions not be covered.
- Although basic SQL tends to be rather portable between DBMSs, more advanced SQL most definitely is not. As such, that book could not cover advanced topics, such as triggers, cursors, stored procedures, access control, transactions, and more in any real detail.
And that is where this book comes in. Sams Teach Yourself Microsoft® SQL Server T-SQL in 10 Minutes builds on the proven tutorials and structure of Sams Teach Yourself SQL in 10 Minutes, without getting bogged down with anything but Transact-SQL (T-SQL, for short). It starts with simple data retrieval and works on to more complex topics, including the use of joins, subqueries, full text-based searches, functions and stored procedures, cursors, triggers, table constraints, XML, and much more. You'll learn what you need to know methodically, systematically, and simply in highly focused lessons designed to make you immediately and effortlessly productive.
Note: Written for SQL Server 2005 - This book was written with SQL Server 2005 in mind, and covers features and technologies new to that version of the software. However, with the exception of two lessons, the content and lessons can be used with earlier versions of SQL Server, including SQL Server 2000.
So turn to Lesson 1, "Understanding SQL," and get to work. You'll be taking advantage of all SQL Server has to offer in no time at all.
Who Is This Book For?
This book is for you if...
- You are new to SQL.
- You are just getting started with SQL Server and want to hit the ground running.
- You want to quickly learn how to get the most out of SQL Server and T-SQL.
- You want to learn how to use T-SQL in your own application development.
- You want to be productive quickly and easily using SQL Server without having to call someone for help.
Companion Website
This book has a companion website online at http://forta.com/books/0672328674/.
Visit the site to access the following:
- Table creation and population scripts used to create the sample tables used throughout this book
- The online support forum
- Online errata (should one be required)
- Other books that may be of interest to you
Conventions Used in This Book
This book uses different typefaces to differentiate between code and regular English, and also to help you identify important concepts.
Text that you type and text that should appear on your screen is presented in monospace type. It looks like this to mimic the way text looks on your screen.
Placeholders for variables and expressions appear in monospace italic font. You should replace the placeholder with the specific value it represents.
This arrow (¬) at the beginning of a line of code means that a single line of code is too long to fit on the printed page. Continue typing all the characters after the ¬ as though they were part of the preceding line.
Note - A note presents interesting pieces of information related to the surrounding discussion.
Tip - A tip offers advice or teaches an easier way to do something.
Caution - A caution advises you about potential problems and helps you steer clear of disaster.
Plain English: New Term icons provide clear definitions of new, essential terms.
Input
Input identifies code that you can type in yourself. It usually appears next to a listing.
Output
Output highlights the output produced by running T-SQL code. It usually appears after a listing.
Analysis
Analysis alerts you to the author's line-by-line analysis of input or output.
© Copyright Pearson Education. All rights reserved.