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Six Degrees: The Science of a Connected Age
Overview
The pioneering young scientist whose work on the structure of small worlds has triggered an avalanche of interest in networks.
In this remarkable book, Duncan Watts, one of the principal architects of network theory, sets out to explain the innovative research that he and other scientists are spearheading to create a blueprint of our connected planet. Whether they bind computers, economies, or terrorist organizations, networks are everywhere in the real world, yet only recently have scientists attempted to explain their mysterious workings.
From epidemics of disease to outbreaks of market madness, from people searching for information to firms surviving crisis and change, from the structure of personal relationships to the technological and social choices of entire societies, Watts weaves together a network of discoveries across an array of disciplines to tell the story of an explosive new field of knowledge, the people who are building it, and his own peculiar path in forging this new science.
"Duncan Watts is so clear and so readable about one of the world's most mystifying subjects that he will probably leave you with your thinking changed forever."-Alan Alda
"Watts smoothly combines a historical survey of the field with real-world examples. Well-done [and] comprehensive."-Kirkus Reviews starred review
"Here is a wonderful science book you won't want to put down...relevant to an amazing variety of subjects, including epidemics, markets, scientific collaboration, and terrorism."-Murray Gell-Mann, Nobel Laureate in physics, cofounder of the Santa Fe Institute
"Written in as accessible and jaunty a fashion as James Watson's Double Helix, SixDegrees provides a deft, informative, and deeply engaging story of how the multidisciplinary science of networks has come into being."-Robert K. Merton, University Professor Emeritus, Columbia University.
"This is a story that is both personal and remarkable for its ability to convey the wonder of complex science."-Bill Miller, CEO of Legg Mason Funds
"Watts's insights into the interconnections that bind us together...offer a vital new framework for understanding our global society."-Jeffrey D. Sachs, Director of the Earth Institute, Columbia University
"A deft, informative and deeply engaging story...A splendid achievement."-Robert K. Merton, University Professor Emeritus, Columbia University
Product Details
| ISBN-13: | 9780393041422 |
|---|---|
| Publisher: | Norton, W. W. & Company, Inc. |
| Publication date: | 02/28/2003 |
| Edition description: | 1ST |
| Pages: | 448 |
| Product dimensions: | 6.54(w) x 9.30(h) x 1.26(d) |
Table of Contents
| Preface | 13 | |
| Chapter 1 | The Connected Age | 19 |
| Emergence | 24 | |
| Networks | 27 | |
| Synchrony | 30 | |
| The Road Less Traveled | 35 | |
| The Small-World Problem | 37 | |
| Chapter 2 | The Origins of a "New" Science | 43 |
| The Theory of Random Graphs | 43 | |
| Social Networks | 47 | |
| The Dynamics Matters | 50 | |
| Departing From Randomness | 56 | |
| Here Come the Physicists... | 61 | |
| Chapter 3 | Small Worlds | 69 |
| With a Little Help from my Friends | 70 | |
| From Cavemen to Solarians | 74 | |
| Small Worlds | 78 | |
| As Simple as Possible | 83 | |
| The Real World | 92 | |
| Chapter 4 | Beyond the Small World | 101 |
| Scale-Free Networks | 104 | |
| The Rich Get Richer | 108 | |
| Getting Rich Can be Hard | 111 | |
| Reintroducing Group Structure | 114 | |
| Affiliation Networks | 118 | |
| Directors and Scientists | 121 | |
| Complications | 125 | |
| Chapter 5 | Search in Networks | 130 |
| So What did Milgram Really Show? | 132 | |
| Is Six a Big or a Small Number? | 135 | |
| The Small-World Search Problem | 139 | |
| Sociology Strikes Back | 146 | |
| Search in Peer-to-Peer Networks | 156 | |
| Chapter 6 | Epidemics and Failures | 162 |
| The Hot Zone | 162 | |
| Viruses in the Internet | 165 | |
| The Mathematics of Epidemics | 168 | |
| Epidemics in a Small World | 174 | |
| Percolation Models of Disease | 183 | |
| Networks, Viruses, and Microsoft | 187 | |
| Failures and Robustness | 189 | |
| Chapter 7 | Decisions, Delusions, and the Madness of Crowds | 195 |
| Tulip Economics | 196 | |
| Fear, Greed, and Rationality | 198 | |
| Collective Decisions | 201 | |
| Information Cascades | 204 | |
| Information Externalities | 207 | |
| Coercive Externalities | 212 | |
| Market Externalities | 213 | |
| Coordination Externalities | 215 | |
| Social Decision Making | 217 | |
| Chapter 8 | Thresholds, Cascades, and Predictability | 220 |
| Threshold Models of Decisions | 221 | |
| Capturing Differences | 226 | |
| Cascades in Social Networks | 229 | |
| Cascades and Percolation | 235 | |
| Phase Transitions and Cascades | 239 | |
| Crossing the Chasm | 241 | |
| A Nonlinear View of History | 244 | |
| Power to the People | 248 | |
| Robustness Revisited | 250 | |
| Chapter 9 | Innovation, Adaptation, and Recovery | 253 |
| The Toyota-Aisin Crisis | 254 | |
| Markets and Hierarchies | 260 | |
| Industrial Divides | 264 | |
| Ambiguity | 267 | |
| The Third Way | 270 | |
| Coping with Ambiguity | 273 | |
| Multiscale Networks | 278 | |
| Recovering from Disaster | 284 | |
| Chapter 10 | The End of the Beginning | 290 |
| September 11 | 292 | |
| Lessons for a Connected Age | 299 | |
| Further Reading | 307 | |
| Bibliography | 341 | |
| Index | 357 |