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Overview
Winner, 2018 Law & Legal Studies PROSE Award
The consequences of big data and algorithm-driven policing and its impact on law enforcement
In a high-tech command center in downtown Los Angeles, a digital map lights up with 911 calls, television monitors track breaking news stories, surveillance cameras sweep the streets, and rows of networked computers link analysts and police officers to a wealth of law enforcement intelligence.
This is just a glimpse into a future where software predicts future crimes, algorithms generate virtual “most-wanted” lists, and databanks collect personal and biometric information. The Rise of Big Data Policing introduces the cutting-edge technology that is changing how the police do their jobs and shows why it is more important than ever that citizens understand the far-reaching consequences of big data surveillance as a law enforcement tool.
Andrew Guthrie Ferguson reveals how these new technologies —viewed as race-neutral and objective—have been eagerly adopted by police departments hoping to distance themselves from claims of racial bias and unconstitutional practices. After a series of high-profile police shootings and federal investigations into systemic police misconduct, and in an era of law enforcement budget cutbacks, data-driven policing has been billed as a way to “turn the page” on racial bias.
But behind the data are real people, and difficult questions remain about racial discrimination and the potential to distort constitutional protections.
In this first book on big data policing, Ferguson offers an examination of how new technologies will alter the who, where, when and how we police. These new technologies also offer data-driven methods to improve police accountability and to remedy the underlying socio-economic risk factors that encourage crime.
The Rise of Big Data Policing is a must read for anyone concerned with how technology will revolutionize law enforcement and its potential threat to the security, privacy, and constitutional rights of citizens.
Read an excerpt and interview with Andrew Guthrie Ferguson in The Economist.
Andrew Guthrie Ferguson is Professor of Law at the University of the District of Columbia's David A. Clarke School of Law. Professor Ferguson is a national expert on predictive policing, big data surveillance, and the Fourth Amendment. He is the author of Why Jury Duty Matters (NYU Press, 2012).
Table of Contents
Introduction: Big Data Policing 1
1 Big Data's Watchful Eye: The Rise of Data Surveillance 7
2 Data Is the New Black: The Lure of Data-Driven Policing 20
3 Whom We Police: Person-Based Predictive Targeting 34
4 Where We Police: Place-Based Predictive Policing 62
5 When We Police: Real-Time Surveillance and Investigation 84
6 How We Police: Data Mining Digital Haystacks 107
7 Black Data: Distortions of Race, Transparency, and Law 131
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