Table of Contents

1. Computer Basics
   • 1. A Brief History of Computers
   • a. What is a Computer?
   • b. Personal Computers
   • c. Today’s Computers
   • 2. A Brief History of the Internet
   • a. Packet switching
   • b. Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
   • i. Try it yourself
   • c. What Is a URL?
   • i. The protocol
   • ii. The web server
   • iii. The domain
   • iv. The path
   • v. Is all that necessary?
   • 3. Computer Basics
   • a. Input
   • b. Processing
   • c. Storage
   • i. Internal memory
   • ii. Mass storage devices
   • d. Output
   • 4. What is Programming?
   • a. The History of Programming
   • i. A brief timeline
   • b. Types of Software
   • i. Application software
   • ii. System software
   • c. Programming and Scripting Languages
   • i. Machine language
   • ii. Assembly language
   • iii. Comparing machine language and assembly language
   • iv. High-level languages
   • v. Writing programs
   • vi. Scripting languages vs. programming languages
   • 5. Browsers
   • a. What Is a Browser?
   • b. Overview of Major Browsers
   • c. How Does A Browser Work?
   • d. Is the World Wide Web the Same As the Internet?
   • e. What Does This Mean To You?
   • 6. JavaScript and the Acronyms: XHTML, DOM, PHP, and XML
   • a. A Brief History of JavaScript
   • b. Web pages and XHTML
   • c. Server-Side and Client-Side Technologies
   • d. JavaScript Overview
   • i. A dynamic language
   • ii. First-class functions
   • iii. A multi-paradigm language
   • iv. How JavaScript is used
   • e. Overview of DOM, PHP, and XML
   • i. The Document Object Model: DOM
   • ii. PHP Hypertext Preprocessor (or Personal Home Page Tools)
   • iii. Extensible Markup Language: XML
   • 7. Keywords
   • 8. Review Exercises
2. JavaScript Programming Basics
   • 1. What is Programming?
   • a. General problem-solving strategy
   • b. The program development cycle
   • 2. The Structure of a Program
   • a. Input-processing-output
   • i. input
   • ii. processing
   • iii. output
   • b. The control structures
   • i. Sequence
   • ii. Selection
   • iii. Repetition
   • 3. Primary Data Types and Operations on Data
   • a. Numerical data
   • b. String data
   • c. Boolean data
   • d. Variables and Named Constants
   • e. Assignment statements
   • f. Operations on data
   • i. Numeric operations
   • ii. Character and string operations
   • 4. Problem Solving: The Importance of Logical Thinking
   • a. Planning a simple program
   • b. Pseudocode
   • c. Flowcharts
   • 5. JavaScript in the Web Page
   • a. The Tag Pair
   • b. The Tag Pair
   • c. JavaScript in a Web Page
   • d. JavaScript in the document
   • e. The Event
   • 6. Introduction to Objects
   • a. What is an Object?
   • b. Properties and Methods
   • c. The Document object
   • d. Dot notation
   • e. The write() method
   • f. The GetElementById() method
   • g. The open() and close() methods
   • 7. Introduction to JavaScript Functions and Events
   • a. Introduction to Functions
   • i. Parameters
   • ii. The prompt() function
   • b. Introduction to Events
   • i. Event-driven programming
   • 8. Putting it to Work
   • a. A Brief Explanation
   • b. Greg’s Gambits: Enter the player’s name
   • c. Carla’s Classroom: Enter the student’s name and age
   • 9. Keywords
   • 10. Review Exercises
   • 11. Programming Challenges
   • a. On Your Own
   • b. Case Studies
   • i. Greg’s Gambits
   • ii. Carla’s Classroom
   • iii. Lee’s Landscape
   • iv. Jackie’s Jewelry
3. Building Blocks: Variables and Operators
   • 1. What is a Variable?
   • a. Memory locations
   • b. Variable names
   • c. Declaring variables
   • 2. Data Types
   • a. A loosely typed language
   • b. Numbers
   • c. Strings and characters
   • d. Named constants
   • 3. Arithmetic Operators and Some Important Functions
   • a. The modulus operator
   • b. The hierarchy of operations
   • c. The concatenation operator
   • d. Parsing Integers and floating point numbers
   • i. Using ParseInt()
   • ii. Using ParseFloat()
   • 4. Relational Operators
   • a. ASCII code
   • b. Relational operators
   • 5. Logical Operators and the Conditional Operator
   • a. Logical operators
   • b. Boolean logic and Boolean operators
   • c. The order of operations for logical operators
   • d. The conditional operator
   • 6. Putting it to Work
   • a. Greg’s Gambits: Creating Your Own Story
   • i. Developing the program
   • ii. Writing the code
   • iii. The CharAt() function
   • b. Carla’s Classroom: A Spelling Lesson
   • i. Developing the program
   • ii. The functions
   • iii. Finishing up
   • 8. Keywords
   • 9. Review Exercises
   • 10. Programming Challenges
   • a. On Your Own
   • b. Case Studies
   • i. Greg’s Gambits
   • ii. Carla’s Classroom
   • iii. Lee’s Landscape
   • iv. Jackie’s Jewelry
4. Making Decisions: the Selection Structure
   • 1. What if? Types of Selection Structures
   • 2. The Single Alternative Structure: the if... Clause
   • 3. The Dual Alternative Structure: the if...else... Clause
   • 4. Nested Selection Structures
   • 5. Compound Conditions
   • a. Combining Relational and Logical Operators
   • i. Logical operators revisited
   • ii. a note about syntax
   • iii. Using ANDs and ORs
   • 6. The Multiple Alternative Selection Structures
   • a. The if...else if... Structure
   • b. Error Checking: Just the Beginning
   • c. The switch Statement
   • 7. Putting it to Work
   • a. Greg’s Gambits: Madame Vadoma Knows All!
   • i. the Math object
   • ii. the Math.random() and Math.floor() methods
   • iii. Developing the program
   • iv. Writing the code
   • v. Putting it all together
   • b. Carla’s Classroom: An Arithmetic Lesson
   • i. Developing the program
   • ii. The return; statement
   • iii. The counter
   • iv. Getting ready to code
   • 1. The plan
   • v. The code in pieces
   • 1. Level One code
   • 2. Level Two code
   • 3. Level Three code
   • 4. A comment about checking the counter
   • vi. Putting it all together
   • vii. Finishing up
   • 8. Keywords
   • 9. Review Questions and Exercises
   • 10. Programming Challenges
   • a. On Your Own
   • b. Case Studies
   • i. Greg’s Gambits
   • ii. Carla’s Classroom
   • iii. Lee’s Landscape
   • iv. Jackie’s Jewelry
5. Going Round and Round: the Repetition Structure
   • 1. Computers Don’t Get Bored with Repetition
   • a. Loop basics
   • i. Iterations
   • ii. Writing test conditions
   • 1. Beware the infinite loop!
   • 2. Don't let the user get trapped in a loop!
   • 2. Types of Loops
   • a. Pre-test and Post-test Loops
   • b. The Pre-test while Loop
   • i. Writing test conditions
   • c. The Post-test do...while Loop
   • i. Why use one rather than the other?
   • ii. Formatting the output: the toFixed() method
   • d. Sentinel-controlled Loops
   • i. Formatting the output: the toLowerCase() and toUpperCase() methods
   • e. Counter-controlled loops
   • i. Using a counter
   • ii. Shortcut operators
   • 3. The for Loop
   • a. The for Statement
   • b. The Initial Value
   • c. The Test Condition
   • d. The Increment/Decrement Statement
   • e. The Careful Bean Counter
   • i. Curly braces: do we really need them?
   • 4. Data validation
   • a. The isNan() Method
   • b. Checking for Integers
   • c. Using Compound Conditions for Data Validation
   • d. The charAt() Method
   • e. The length Property
   • 5. Putting it to Work
   • a. Greg’s Gambits: Encoding Secret Messages
   • i. What is Encryption?
   • ii. The charCodeAt() and String.fromCharCode() Methods
   • 1. Unicode and ASCII codes
   • 2. The charCodeAt() Method
   • 3. The String.fromCharCodeAt() Method
   • iii. Developing the Program
   • iv. Writing the Code
   • v. Putting It All Together
   • vi. Finishing Up
   • b. Carla’s Classroom: Advanced Arithmetic Lessons
   • i. Developing the Program
   • ii. Writing the Code
   • iii. The Code in Pieces
   • 1. Level One addition code
   • 2. Level Two and Level Three addition code
   • 3. Subtraction
   • iv. Putting It All Together
   • 1. A note about code
   • v. Finishing Up
   • 7. Keywords
   • 8. Review Exercises
   • 9. Programming Challenges
   • a. On Your Own
   • b. Case Studies
   • i. Greg’s Gambits
   • ii. Carla’s Classroom
   • iii. Lee’s Landscape
   • iv. Jackie’s Jewelry
6. Advanced Decisions and Loops
   • 1. Some Simple Schoolroom Statistics
   • a. It All Adds Up
   • b. Computing Averages
   • c. The Range
   • d. Odd and Even
   • e. Integer Accuracy
   • i. The Math.round() method
   • ii. The Math.floor() and Math.ceil() methods
   • 2. To Continue or Not to Continue?
   • a. The break statement
   • b. The continue statement
   • 3. Nested Loops
   • a. Desk Checking
   • b. Different Ways to Nest loops
   • i. Which way should loops be nested?
   • 4. Drawing Shapes and Patterns With Loops
   • a. Drawing Shapes
   • b. Using Loops to Create Patterns
   • c. The mouse events
   • 5. Putting it to Work
   • a. Greg’s Gambits: The Battle Between the Wizard and the Troll
   • i. Developing the Program
   • 1. The button as a link
   • 2. The web pages
   • ii. Writing the Code
   • iii. Putting It All Together
   • b. Carla’s Classroom: A Grammar Lesson
   • i. Developing the Program
   • ii. Writing the Code
   • iii. The Code in Pieces
   • 1. The function and the outer loop
   • 2. Check for valid selections
   • 3. Displaying the story
   • iv. Putting It All Together
   • 5. Keywords
   • 6. Review Exercises
   • 7. Programming Challenges
   • a. On Your Own
   • b. Case Studies
   • i. Greg’s Gambits
   • ii. Carla’s Classroom
   • iii. Lee’s Landscape
   • iv. Jackie’s Jewelry
7. Forms
   • 1. What is a Form?
   • a. The Most Basic Form
   • i. The tag pair
   • ii. The submit and reset buttons
   • b. Returning Form Submissions
   • i. The Common Gateway Interface (CGI)
   • ii. Returning form data by email
   • iii. Returning form data to a program
   • 2. Form Controls
   • a. Radio buttons
   • b. Checkboxes
   • i. The checked property
   • c. Textboxes
   • i. The label, fieldset, and legend elements
   • d. Textarea boxes
   • i. The email action
   • 3. Hidden Fields and Passwords
   • a. The hidden Form Element
   • b. The password Form Element
   • i. The substr() method
   • 4. Selection Lists and More
   • a. Selection lists
   • i. The size attribute
   • ii. The multiple attribute
   • b. Enhancements for Form Elements
   • i. The tabindex attribute
   • ii. The accesskey attribute
   • iii. The onfocus event
   • iv. An introduction to the this keyword
   • v. An image as an OK button
   • 5. Putting it to Work:
   • a. Greg’s Gambits: Player Information and Inventory
   • i. Developing the Program
   • ii. Writing the Code
   • 1. The textbox functions
   • 2. The radio buttons function
   • 3. The checkboxes functions
   • iii. Putting it All Together
   • iv. Finishing Up
   • b. Carla’s Classroom: Carla’s Progress Report Form
   • i. Developing the Program
   • 1. Carla’s categories
   • 2. The page design
   • ii. Creating the Form
   • iii. Writing the Code
   • 1. The textbox functions
   • 2. The radio buttons functions
   • 3. The textarea function
   • 4. Generating the email message
   • iv. Putting it All Together
   • 8. Review Exercises
   • 9. Programming Challenges
   • a. On Your Own
   • b. Case Studies
   • i. Greg’s Gambits
   • ii. Carla’s Classroom
   • iii. Lee’s Landscape
   • iv. Jackie’s Jewelry
8. Keeping it Neat: Functions and JavaScript Source Files
   • 1. Functions
   • a. Built-in Functions
   • b. User-defined Functions
   • 2. The Scope of a Variable
   • a. Global variables
   • b. Local variables
   • 3. Sending Information to a Function
   • a. Passing Arguments to Parameters
   • i. The return statement
   • ii. Passing values: a complex issue
   • iii. Passing by value
   • 4. Objects and Object-Oriented Concepts
   • a. The Math Object
   • b. More JavaScript Objects
   • i. Passing by reference
   • ii. The Boolean object
   • 1. The new keyword
   • iii. The Date object
   • 1. The setTimeout() function
   • 5. JavaScript Source Files
   • a. Work Smarter, Not Harder
   • b. Creating and Accessing a JavaScript Source (.js) file
   • i. JavaScript source files cascade
   • c. Create a Library of Functions
   • 6. Putting it to Work:
   • a. Greg’s Gambits: Hangman
   • i. Developing the program
   • 1. The man in the noose
   • 2. The secret words
   • ii. Writing the code
   • 1. The startHangman() function
   • 2. The setCharAt() function
   • 3. The replace() method and regular expressions
   • 4. The revised checkWord() function
   • iii. Finishing up
   • b. Carla’s Classroom: Reading Comprehension
   • i. Creating the first page
   • ii. Writing the code
   • 1. Password protection
   • 2. The first web page
   • 3. Use the visibility property to create a hidden button
   • 4. Building the page with questions
   • 5. What the student sees
   • iii. Putting it all together
   • iv. Finishing up
   • 8. Review Exercises
   • 9. Programming Challenges
   • a. On Your Own
   • b. Case Studies
   • i. Greg’s Gambits
   • ii. Carla’s Classroom
   • iii. Lee’s Landscape
   • iv. Jackie’s Jewelry
9. Arrays
   • 1. One-Dimensional Arrays
   • a. Creating an Array in JavaScript
   • b. The Array object
   • i. The length property
   • ii. Some methods of the Array object
   • 2. Populating Arrays
   • a. Loading Arrays Directly
   • b. Loading Arrays Interactively
   • c. Displaying Arrays
   • d. Why Use Arrays?
   • 3. Using Array Methods
   • a. The push() Method
   • b. The unshift() Method
   • c. The splice() Method
   • 4. Multi-Dimensional Arrays
   • a. Introduction to Two-Dimensional Arrays
   • b. Declaring and Filling Two-Dimensional Arrays
   • 5. Putting it to Work:
   • a. Greg’s Gambits: The Game of 15
   • i. Developing the Program
   • 1. Setting the stage
   • 2. Creating the array with the setup() function
   • 3. Populating the array with the Math.random() function
   • 4. The code to exchange cell values
   • 5. The code to check for a winner
   • ii. Putting It All Together
   • b. Carla’s Classroom: Images and Imagination
   • i. Setting Things Up
   • ii. Developing the Program
   • 1. Setting the stage
   • 2. The image swap
   • a. Practice the image swap
   • 3. The slide show
   • iii. Putting It All Together
   • 10. Review Exercises
   • 11. Programming Challenges
   • a. On Your Own
   • b. Case Studies
   • i. Greg’s Gambits
   • ii. Carla’s Classroom
   • iii. Lee’s Landscape
   • iv. Jackie’s Jewelry
10. Searching and Sorting
    • 1. Sorting Arrays
    • a. The sort() method
    • b. Sorting numbers with the sort() method
    • c. The reverse() method
    • 2. The Bubble Sort
    • a. Swapping values
    • b. Using the Bubble Sort Algorithm
    • c. Passing Arrays
    • 3. The Selection Sort
    • 4. Searching Arrays: the Serial Search
    • a. Using the Serial Search With Parallel Arrays
    • 5. Searching Arrays: the Binary Search
    • a. The Binary Search
    • b. Making Life Easier: the indexOf() Method
    • i. The indexOf() method
    • ii. The lastIndexOf() method
    • iii. Time out! Using the setInterval() method
    • 6. Putting it to Work:
    • a. Greg’s Gambits: Greg’s Boggle
    • i. Developing the Program
    • ii. Setting the Stage
    • 1. Creating the boggle() function
    • 2. The toString() method
    • 3. The boggle() function
    • iii. Putting it All Together
    • b. Carla’s Classroom: A Factoring Lesson
    • i. Factoring Integers
    • ii. Developing the Program
    • iii. Setting the Stage
    • iv. The Code in Pieces
    • 1. The external file
    • 2. The beginning
    • 3. Selecting the number and some housekeeping tasks
    • 4. Getting student responses
    • v. Putting it All Together
    • 7. Review Exercises
    • 8. Programming Challenges
    • c. On Your Own
    • d. Case Studies
    • v. Greg’s Gambits
    • vi. Carla’s Classroom
    • vii. Lee’s Landscape
    • viii. Jackie’s Jewelry
11. The Document Object Model and XML
    • 1. The Document Object Model: DOM
    • a. A Brief History of DOM
    • b. DOM Nodes and Trees
    • c. The Family: the Parent-Child Model
    • d. Creating and Inserting Elements
    • i. The createTextNode() method
    • e. Replacing and Removing Elements
    • i. The removeChild() method
    • ii. The replaceChild() method
    • iii. The childNodes property
    • 2. Using DOM Methods with Timers and Styles
    • a. The setAttribute() and getAttribute() Methods
    • b. The setInterval() and clearInterval() Methods
    • 3. XML Basics
    • a. What is XML?
    • b. Why Do We Need XML?
    • c. XML Components
    • i. The XML declaration
    • ii. XML elements
    • iii. Comments and filenames
    • iv. XML attributes
    • v. XML entities
    • vi. Whitespace
    • vii. Well-formed documents
    • d. XML Parsers and DTDs
    • i. XML internal DTDs
    • ii. XML external and public DTDs
    • 4. Adding Style and XSL Transformations
    • a. Using Cascading Style Sheets with XML Documents
    • b. The Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL)
    • i. One important note
    • 5. XML Namespaces and Schemas
    • a. XML Namespaces
    • i. The Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)
    • ii. Namespace declarations
    • b. XML Schemas
    • i. Creating a reference to a schema in an XML document
    • ii. There’s more...
    • c. XML Schema Datatypes
    • d. Creating an XML Schema
    • 6. Putting it to Work:
    • a. Greg’s Gambits: Greg’s Avatars
    • i. Developing the Program
    • ii. Setting the Stage
    • iii. Creating the XML, XSL, and JavaScript Pages
    • 1. Creating the XML page
    • 2. Creating the XSL page
    • 3. Creating the JavaScript page and DOM code
    • iv. Putting it All Together
    • b. Carla’s Classroom: A Spelling Lesson
    • i. Developing the Program
    • ii. Setting the Stage
    • iii. The Code in Pieces
    • 1. The functions to extract values from the selected image and spelling
    • 2. The function to compare the values
    • 3. The function to check for success
    • iv. Putting it All Together
    • 7. Review Exercises
    • 8. Programming Challenges
    • a. On Your Own
    • b. Case Studies
    • i. Greg’s Gambits
    • ii. Carla’s Classroom
    • iii. Lee’s Landscape
    • iv. Jackie’s Jewelry
12. PHP: An Overview
    • 1. A Brief History of PHP
    • a. What Does a Server Do?
    • i. HTTP get and post request types
    • b. The Apache HTTP Server, MySQL, and PHP
    • i. The Apache HTTP server
    • ii. The MySQL database
    • iii. PHP and XAMPP
    • 2. XAMPP
    • a. Installing XAMPP
    • i. Security
    • ii. The license
    • iii. The install
    • b. Try It Out
    • i. Let’s get started
    • ii. Your first PHP program
    • 3. PHP Basics
    • a. PHP Filenames, the htdocs Folder, and Viewing Your PHP Pages
    • b. Variables and Methods
    • i. Converting datatypes with the settype() and gettype() methods
    • ii. Converting datatypes with type casting
    • c. PHP Keywords
    • d. Operators
    • i. Unary operators
    • ii. Binary operators
    • 1. Operator precedence
    • iii. Ternary operators
    • iv. Concatenation operators
    • 4. Using Conditionals and Loops
    • a. Making Decisions: the Selection Structure
    • i. The echo construct
    • ii. The switch statement
    • b. Cycling Through: Repetitions and Loops
    • 5. Arrays and Strings
    • a. Arrays
    • i. The reset() method
    • ii. The foreach construct, the as keyword, and the ==> operator
    • iii. The key() method
    • b. Why Are We Learning All This?
    • c. Working With Strings
    • i. Comparing strings
    • ii. Searching for expressions: the preg_match() and preg_replace() methods
    • 6. Putting It To Work
    • a. Greg’s Gambits: PHP Welcome Messages
    • i. Developing a new format for Greg’s pages: organizing a site
    • ii. The header and footer files
    • iii. Setting the stage
    • iv. The ajax_post() function
    • 1. The onclick="javascript:ajax_post()"; event
    • 2. The ajaxDataPipe.php page
    • v. Putting it all together
    • b. Carla’s Classroom: Using PHP for Hints
    • i. Developing the program
    • 1. The folders
    • 2. The header.php file
    • 3. The footer.php file
    • 4. The carla_phpDemo.php file
    • 5. The showHint() function
    • 6. The gethint.php file
    • 7. The $_GET superglobal variable
    • 8. The count() method
    • 9. The strtolower() method
    • ii. Putting it all together
    • 7. Review Exercises
    • 8. Programming Challenges
    • a. On Your Own
    • b. Case Studies
    • i. Greg’s Gambits
    • ii. Carla’s Classroom
    • iii. Lee’s Landscape
    • iv. Jackie’s Jewelry
13. Using PHP with Cookies and MySQL
    • 1. Cookies
    • a. Types of Cookies
    • b. Writing Cookies
    • i. The time() function
    • ii. Writing and reading your first cookie
    • iii. The define() method
    • iv. The isset() method
    • v. The $_SERVER(‘PHP_SELF’) method
    • 2. A Database Server: MySQL
    • a. An Overview of MySQL
    • i. The license
    • b. Setting Up a MySQL User Account
    • i. Create a new user
    • ii. Assigning privileges
    • c. The Database Structure
    • d. Building a Small Business Database
    • i. Jackie’s tables
    • ii. The primary key and the foreign key
    • iii. Table fields
    • iv. Field attributes
    • e. Creating the Database With phpMyAdmin
    • i. Create the jackiejewelry database
    • 3. Populating a Database From the Web
    • a. The Web Page Form
    • i. The die() method
    • ii. The mysql_error() method
    • iii. The mysql_query() method
    • iv. The mysql_connect() method