Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction

THE VOCABULARY OF INTRODUCTORY TERMS

THE EVOLVING NATURE OF ART

THE THREE COMPONENTS OF ART
Subject
Form
Content

ORGANIC UNITY

ABSTRACTION

EXPANDING PERSONAL AWARENESS

DEVELOPING IDEAS

CRITICAL THINKING AND ANALYSIS

BASIC CONCEPTS OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL ART

2D MEDIA AND TECHNIQUES

BASIC CONCEPTS OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL ART

3D MATERIALS AND CONCEPTS

AREAS OF 3D APPLICATIONS
Sculpture
Architecture
Metalwork
Glass Design
Ceramics
Fiberwork
Product Design

COMBINING THE INGREDIENTS: A SUMMARY
Chapter 2 Form

THE VOCABULARY OF FORM

FORM AND VISUAL ORDERING

THE PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION
Harmony
Repetition
Rhythm
Pattern
Closure (Visual Grouping)
Visual Linking
Shared Edges
Overlapping
Transparency
Interpenetration
Linking through Extensions (Implied and Subjective Edges/Lines/Shapes)
Excessive Use of Harmony
Variety
Contrast
Elaboration
The Dualism of Harmony and Variety
Balance
Symmetrical Balance (Formal Balance)
Approximate Symmetrical Balance
Radial Balance
Asymmetrical Balance (Informal/Occult Balance)
Proportion
Dominance
Movement
Economy

SPACE: RESULT OF ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES

THREE-DIMENSIONAL FORM AND THE PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION
Harmony and Variety
Balance
Proportion
Dominance
Movement
Economy

FORM UNITY: A SUMMARY
Chapter 3 Line

THE VOCABULARY OF LINE

LINE: THE ELEMENTARY MEANS OF COMMUNICATION

THE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LINE
Measure
Type
Direction
Location
Character

LINE AND THE OTHER ART ELEMENTS
Line and Shape
Line and Value
Line and Texture
Line and Color

THE SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LINE

LINE AS REPRESENTATION AND EXPRESSION

THREE-DIMENSIONAL APPLICATIONS OF LINE

SUMMARY
Chapter 4 Shape

THE VOCABULARY OF SHAPE

INTRODUCTION TO SHAPE

SHAPE TYPES

SHAPE DIMENSIONS

SHAPE AND COMPOSITION
Harmony and Variety
Dominance
Movement
Balance
Proportion and Economy

SHAPE AND EXPRESSIVE CONTENT

THREE-DIMENSIONAL APPLICATIONS OF SHAPE
Chapter 5 Value

THE VOCABULARY OF VALUE

INTRODUCTION TO VALUE RELATIONSHIPS

VALUE AND ART MEDIA

PLASTIC VALUE
Chiaroscuro
Tenebrism

DECORATIVE VALUE

VALUE PATTERN AND COMPOSITION

THREE-DIMENSIONAL APPLICATIONS OF VALUE
Chapter 6 Texture

THE VOCABULARY OF TEXTURE

INTRODUCTION TO TEXTURE

THE NATURE OF TEXTURE

TYPES OF TEXTURE
Actual Texture
Simulated Texture
Abstract Texture
Invented Texture

TEXTURE AND PATTERN

TEXTURE AND COMPOSITION

TEXTURE AND SPACE

TEXTURE AND EXPRESSIVE CONTENT

THREE-DIMENSIONAL APPLICATIONS OF TEXTURE
Chapter 7 Color

THE VOCABULARY OF COLOR

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF COLOR

LIGHT: THE SOURCE OF COLOR
Additive Color
Subtractive Color

ARTISTS’ PIGMENTS AND THE TRIADIC COLOR SYSTEM
Neutrals

THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COLOR
Hue
Value
Intensity

DEVELOPING AESTHETIC COLOR RELATIONSHIPS
Complements and Split-Complements
Triads
Tetrads
Analogous and Monochromatic Colors
Warm and Cool Colors
Plastic Colors
Simultaneous Contrast
Color and Emotion
Psychological Application of Color

THE ROLE OF COLOR IN COMPOSITION
Color Balance
Color and Harmony
Color and Variety

THE EVOLUTION OF THE COLOR WHEEL
The Origins of Color Systems
The Discovery of Pigment Primaries
The First Triadic Color Wheel
The Discovery of Light Primaries
The Ostwald Color System
The Munsell Color System
The Process Color System (Four-Color Printing Process)
Color Photography
Color Computer Printing

THREE-DIMENSIONAL APPLICATIONS OF COLOR
Chapter 8 Space

THE VOCABULARY OF SPACE

INTRODUCTION TO SPACE

SPATIAL PERCEPTION

MAJOR TYPES OF SPACE
Decorative Space
Plastic Space
Shallow Space
Deep and Infinite Space

SPATIAL INDICATORS
Sharp and Diminishing Detail
Size
Position
Overlapping
Transparency
Interpenetration
Fractional Representation
Converging Parallels
Linear Perspective
Major Types of Linear Perspective
One-Point Perspective
Two-Point Perspective
Three-Point Perspective
Perspective Concepts Applied
The Disadvantages of Linear Perspective
Other Projection Systems
Intuitive Space

THE SPATIAL PROPERTIES OF THE ELEMENTS
Line and Space
Shape and Space
Value and Space
Texture and Space
Color and Space

STRUCTURED AMBIGUITY

THREE-DIMENSIONAL APPLICATIONS OF SPACE
Chapter 9 Time and Motion

THE VOCABULARY OF TIME & MOTION

THE SEARCH FOR A NEW SPATIAL DIMENSION

PICTORIAL REPRESENTATIONS OF MOVEMENT IN TIME
Implied Motion through Line Direction or Shape Position
Sequenced Images
Multiple Viewpoints
Superimposed and Blurred Images

MOTION PICTURES: FILM & VIDEO

COMPUTERS & MULTIMEDIA

THREE-DIMENSIONAL APPLICATIONS OF TIME & MOTION

After Images: A Timeline of Artistic and Stylistic
Comparisons
Glossary
Bibligraphy
Index