Table of Contents

Acknowledgments
1. Introduction: Reading through Western Eyes
2. Ethnicity and Ethics
3. Orality through Literacy: Mande Verbal Art after the Letter
Appendix: Caste in the Novel
4. L'Enfant noir, Totemism, and Suspended Animism
5. Les Soleils des indépendances and Francophone Dialogue
6. Senegalese Women Writers, Silence, and Letters: Before the Canon's Roar
Conclusion
Bibliography
Index