Table of Contents
Editors ix
Abbreviations xi
Part I Approaches to Defining, Monitoring, Evaluating and Managing Soil Quality 1
1 Introduction Anna Benedetti Oliver Dilly 3
2 Defining Soil Quality Richard G. Burns Paolo Nannipieri Anna Benedetti David W.Hopkins 15
3 Monitoring and Evaluating Soil Quality Jaap Bloem Anton J. Schouten Sørensen Michiel Rutgers Adri Van der Werf Anton M. Breure 23
4 Managing Soil Quality Michael Schloter Jean Charles Munch Fabio Tittarelli 50
5 Concluding Remarks Anna Benedetti Philip C. Brookes James M. Lynch 63
Part II Selected Methods 71
6 Microbial Biomass and Numbers 73
6.1 Estimating Soil microbial Biomass Andreas FlieΒbach Franco Widmer 73
6.2 Microbial Biomass Measurements by Fumigation-Extraction Philip C. Brookes Rainer Georg Joergensen 77
6.3 Substrate-induced Respiration Heinrich Höper 84
6.4 Enumeration and Biovolume Determination of Microbial Cells Manfred Bölter Jaap Bloem Klaus Meiners Rolf Möiler 93
7 Soil Microbial Activity 114
7.1 Estimating Soil Microbial Activity Oliver Dilly 114
7.2 Soil Respiration Mikael Pell John Stenström Ulf Granhall 117
7.3 Soil Nitrogen Mineralization Stefano Canali Anna Benedetti 127
7.4 Nitrification in Soil Annette Bollmann 136
7.5 Thymidine and Leucine Incorporation to Assess Bacterial Growth Rate Jaap Bloem Popko R. Bolhuis 142
7.6 N2o Emissions and Denitrincation from Soil Ulrike Sehy Michael Schloter Hermann Bothe Jean Charles Munch 150
7.7 Enzyme Activity Profiles and Soil Quality Liz J Shaw Richard G. Burns 158
8 Soil Microbial Diversity and Community Composition 183
8.1 Estimating Soil Microbial Diversity and Community Composition Jan Dirk van Elsas Michel Rutgers 183
8.2 Soil Microbial Community Fingerprinting Based on Total Community DNA or RNA Jan Dirk van Elsas Eva M. Top Kornelia Smalla 187
8.3 Phospholipid Fatty Acid (PLFA) Analyses Ansa Palojäarvi 204
8.4 Substrate Utilization in Biolog? Plates for Analysis of CLPP Michiel Rutgers Anton M. Breure Heribert Insam 212
9 Plant-Microbe Interactions and Soil Quality 228
9.1 Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere Philippe Lemanceau Pierre Offre Christophe Mougel Elisa Gamalero Yves Dessaux Yvan Moënne-Loccoz Graziella Berta 228
9.2 Nodulating Symbiotic Bacteria and Soil Quality Alain Hartmann Sylvie Mazurier Dulce N. Rodríguez-Navarro Francisco Temyrano Vera Jean-Claude Cleyet-Marel Yves Prin Antoine Galiana Manuel Fernández-López Nicolás Toro Yvan Moënne-Loccoz 231
9.3 Contribution of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza to Soil Quality and Terrestrial Ecotoxicology Silvio Gianinazzi Emmanuelle Plumey-Jacquot Vivienne Gianinazzi-Pearson Corinne Leyval 248
9.4 Concepts and Methods to Assess the Phytosanitary Quality of Soils Claude Alabouvette Jos Raaijmakers Wietse de Boer Régina Notz Geneviève Défago Christian Steinberg Philippe Lemanceau 257
9.5 Free-living Plant-beneficial Microorganisms and Soil Quality Yvan Moënne-Loccoz Sheridan L. Woo Yaacov Okon René Bally Matteo Lorito Philippe Lemanceau Anion Hartmann 270
10 Census of Microbiological Methods for Soil Quality Oliver Dilly 296
Index 301
