Table of Contents
Foreword xv
Preface xvii
Acknowledgments xix
Chapter 1 Scope and Administration 1
Section 101 Scope and General Requirements 2
Section 102 Applicability 4
Section 103 Code Compliance Agency 5
Section 104 Duties and Powers of Building Official 6
Section 105 Permits 9
Section 107 Construction Documents 11
Section 108 Temporary Structures and Uses 12
Section 109 Fees 12
Section 110 Inspections 13
Section 111 Certificate of Occupancy 14
Section 112 Service Utilities 15
Section 113 Means of Appeals 16
Section 114 Violations 16
Section 115 Stop Work Order 16
Section 116 Unsafe Structures and Equipment 18
Key Points 18
Chapter 2 Definitions 19
Section 201 General 20
Section 202 Definitions 20
Key Points 49
Chapter 3 Occupancy Classification and Use 51
Section 302 Occupancy Classification and Use Designation 52
Section 303 Assembly Group A 54
Section 304 Business Group B 59
Section 305 Educational Group E 60
Section 306 Factory Group F 62
Section 307 High-Hazard Group H 63
Section 308 Institutional Group I 70
Section 309 Mercantile Group M 73
Section 310 Residential Group R 74
Section 311 Storage Group S 76
Section 312 Utility and Miscellaneous Group U 78
Key Points 79
Chapter 4 Special Detailed Requirements Based on Occupancy and Use 81
Section 402 Covered Mall and Open Mall Buildings 82
Section 403 High-Rise Buildings 92
Section 404 Atriums 98
Section 405 Underground Buildings 101
Section 406 Motor-Vehicle-Related Occupancies 103
Section 407 Group I-2 108
Section 408 Group I-3 113
Section 409 Motion-Picture Projection Rooms 114
Section 410 Stages, Platforms, and Technical Production Areas 114
Section 411 Special Amusement Areas 117
Section 412 Aircraft-Related Occupancies 118
Section 413 Combustible Storage 120
Section 414 Hazardous Materials 120
Section 415 Groups H-1, H-2, H-3, H-4, and H-5 124
Section 416 Spray Application of Flammable Finishes 128
Section 417 Drying Rooms 128
Section 418 Organic Coatings 128
Section 420 Groups I-1, R-1, R-2, R-3, and R-4 129
Section 422 Ambulatory Care Facilities 130
Section 423 Storm Shelters 132
Section 424 Play Structures 133
Section 427 Medical Gas Systems 133
Section 428 Higher Education Laboratories 133
Key Points 135
Chapter 5 General Building Heights and Areas 137
Section 502 Building Address 138
Section 503 General Building Height and Area Limitations 138
Section 504 Building Height and Number of Stories 141
Section 505 Mezzanines and Equipment Platforms 142
Section 506 Building Area 146
Section 507 Unlimited-Area Buildings 157
Section 508 Mixed Use and Occupancy 168
Section 509 Incidental Uses 181
Section 510 Special Provisions 184
Key Points 189
Chapter 6 Types of Construction 191
Section 602 Construction Classification 192
Section 603 Combustible Material in Type I and II Construction 200
Key Points 202
Chapter 7 Fire and Smoke Protection Features 203
Section 702 Multiple Use Fire Assemblies 204
Section 703 Fire-Resistance Ratings and Fire Tests 204
Section 704 Fire-Resistance Rating of Structural Members 211
Section 705 Exterior Walls 216
Section 706 Fire Walls 235
Section 707 Fire Barriers 246
Section 708 Fire Partitions 248
Section 709 Smoke Barriers 251
Section 710 Smoke Partitions 252
Section 711 Floor and Roof Assemblies 252
Section 712 Vertical Openings 254
Section 713 Shaft Enclosures 256
Section 714 Penetrations 259
Section 715 Joints and Voids 267
Section 716 Opening Protectives 271
Section 717 Ducts and Air Transfer Openings 276
Section 718 Concealed Spaces 282
Section 719 Fire-Resistance Requirements for Plaster 288
Section 720 Thermal- and Sound- Insulating Materials 288
Section 721 Prescriptive Fire Resistance 288
Section 722 Calculated Fire Resistance 293
Key Points 294
Chapter 8 Interior Finishes 297
Section 802 General 298
Section 803 Wall and Ceiling Finishes 299
Section 804 Interior Floor Finish 302
Section 805 Combustible Materials in Types I and II Construction 303
Key Points 303
Chapter 9 Fire Protection and Life-Safety Systems 305
Section 901 General 306
Section 902 Fire Pump and Riser Room Size 308
Section 903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems 309
Section 904 Alternative Automatic Fire-Extinguishing Systems 334
Section 905 Standpipe Systems 334
Section 907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems 340
Section 909 Smoke Control Systems 351
Section 910 Smoke and Heat Removal 355
Section 911 Fire Command Center 358
Section 912 Fire Department Connections 359
Section 913 Fire Pumps 359
Section 914 Emergency Responder Safety Features 361
Section 915 Carbon Monoxide Detection 361
Section 916 Gas Detection Systems 361
Section 917 Mass Notification Systems 362
Key Points 363
Chapter 10 Means of Egress 365
Section 1001 Administration 367
Section 1002 Maintenance and Plans 367
Section 1003 General Means of Egress 368
Section 1004 Occupant Load 373
Section 1005 Means of Egress Sizing 386
Section 1006 Number of Exits and Exit Access Doorways 394
Section 1007 Exit and Exit Access Doorway Configuration 402
Section 1008 Means of Egress Illumination 406
Section 1009 Accessible Means of Egress 409
Section 1010 Doors, Gates, and Turnstiles 414
Section 1011 Stairways 434
Section 1012 Ramps 445
Section 1013 Exit Signs 448
Section 1014 Handrails 451
Section 1015 Guards 458
Section 1016 Exit Access 463
Section 1017 Exit Access Travel Distance 465
Section 1018 Aisles 468
Section 1019 Exit Access Stairways and Ramps 469
Section 1020 Corridors 470
Section 1021 Egress Balconies 476
Section 1022 Exits 477
Section 1023 Interior Exit Stairways and Ramps 477
Section 1024 Exit Passageways 482
Section 1025 Luminous Egress Path Markings 483
Section 1026 Horizontal Exits 484
Section 1027 Exterior Exit Stairways and Ramps 488
Section 1028 Exit Discharge 491
Section 1029 Egress Courts 493
Section 1030 Assembly 495
Section 1031 Emergency Escape and Rescue 510
Key Points 514
Chapter 11 Accessibility 517
Section 1101 General 520
Section 1102 Compliance 521
Section 1103 Scoping Requirements 521
Section 1104 Accessible Route 523
Section 1105 Accessible Entrances 525
Section 1106 Parking and Passenger Loading Facilities 526
Section 1107 Motor-Vehicle-Related Facilities 528
Section 1108 Dwelling Units and Sleeping Units 528
Section 1109 Special Occupancies 532
Section 1110 Other Features and Facilities 533
Section 1111 Recreational Facilities 537
Section 1112 Signage 537
Key Points 538
Chapter 12 Interior Environment 541
Section 1202 Ventilation 542
Section 1203 Temperature Control 546
Section 1204 Lighting 546
Section 1205 Yards or Courts 547
Section 1206 Sound Transmission 548
Section 1207 Enhanced Classroom Acoustics 549
Section 1208 Interior Space Dimensions 550
Section 1209 Access to Unoccupied Spaces 551
Section 1210 Toilet and Bathroom Requirements 551
Key Points 552
Chapter 13 Energy Efficiency 553
Chapter 14 Exterior Walls 555
Section 1402 Performance Requirements 556
Section 1403 Materials 557
Section 1404 Installation of Wall Coverings 557
Section 1405 Combustible Materials on the Exterior Side of Exterior Walls 558
Section 1406 Metal Composite Materials (MCM) 559
Section 1407 Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems 559
Key Points 560
Chapter 15 Roof Assemblies and Rooftop Structures 561
Section 1504 Performance Requirements 562
Section 1505 Fire Classification 563
Section 1506 Materials 564
Section 1511 Rooftop Structures 564
Key Points 568
Introduction to the Structural Provisions 569
Chapter 16 Structural Design 571
Section 1601 General 572
Section 1602 Notations 573
Section 1603 Construction Documents 573
Section 1604 General Design Requirements 573
Section 1605 Load Combinations 586
Section 1606 Dead Loads 587
Section 1607 Live Loads 588
Section 1608 Snow Loads 599
Section 1609 Wind Loads 605
Section 1610 Soil Loads and Hydrostatic Pressure 609
Section 1611 Rain Loads 610
Section 1612 Flood Loads 611
Section 1613 Earthquake Loads 613
Section 1614 Atmospheric Ice Loads 618
Section 1615 Tsunami Loads 619
Section 1616 Structural Integrity 619
Key Points 620
Chapter 17 Special Inspections and Tests 621
Section 1701 General 622
Section 1702 New Materials 624
Section 1703 Approvals 625
Section 1704 Special Inspections and Tests, Contractor Responsibility, and Structural Observations 630
Section 1705 Required Special Inspections and Tests 636
Section 1706 Design Strengths of Materials 654
Section 1707 Alternate Test Procedures 654
Section 1708 In Situ Load Tests 654
Section 1709 Reconstruction Load Tests 655
Key Points 662
Chapter 18 Soils and Foundations 665
Section 1801 General 666
Section 1802 Design Basis 666
Section 1803 Geotechnical Investigations 667
Section 1804 Excavation, Grading, and Fill 671
Section 1805 Dampproofing and Waterproofing 672
Section 1806 Presumptive Load-Bearing Values of Soils 679
Section 1807 Foundation Walls, Retaining Walls, and Embedded Posts and Poles 680
Section 1808 Foundations 685
Section 1809 Shallow Foundations 690
Section 1810 Deep Foundations 696
Key Points 722
Chapter 19 Concrete 725
Section 1901 General 726
Section 1902 Coordination of Terminology 727
Section 1903 Specifications for Tests and Materials 727
Section 1904 Durability Requirements 728
Section 1905 Modifications to ACI 318 729
Section 1906 Footings for Light-Frame Construction 731
Section 1907 Minimum Slab Provisions 731
Section 1908 Shotcrete 732
Key Points 733
Chapter 20 Aluminum 735
Section 2002 Materials 736
Key Points 736
Chapter 21 Masonry 737
Section 2101 General 738
Section 2102 Notations 738
Section 2103 Masonry Construction Materials 739
Section 2104 Construction 740
Section 2105 Quality Assurance 741
Section 2106 Seismic Design 742
Section 2107 Allowable Stress Design 746
Section 2108 Strength Design of Masonry 747
Section 2109 Empirical Design of Adobe Masonry 748
Section 2110 Glass Unit Masonry 749
Section 2111 Masonry Fireplaces 749
Section 2112 Masonry Heaters 749
Section 2113 Masonry Chimneys 749
Section 2114 Dry-Stack Masonry 749
Key Points 750
Chapter 22 Steel 751
Section 2201 General 752
Section 2202 Identification of Steel for Structural Purposes 752
Section 2203 Protection of Steel for Structural Purposes 752
Section 2204 Connections 753
Section 2205 Structural Steel 754
Section 2206 Composite Structural Steel and Concrete Structures 756
Section 2207 Steel Joists 756
Section 2208 Steel Cable Structures 757
Section 2209 Steel Storage Racks 757
Section 2210 Cold-Formed Steel 759
Section 2211 Cold-Formed Steel Light-Frame Construction 760
Key Points 762
Chapter 23 Wood 763
Section 2301 General 764
Section 2302 Design Requirements 766
Section 2303 Minimum Standards and Quality 767
Section 2304 General Construction Requirements 778
Section 2305 General Design Requirements for Lateral-Force-Resisting Systems 791
Section 2306 Allowable Stress Design 793
Section 2307 Load and Resistance Factor Design 799
Section 2308 Conventional Light-Frame Construction 800
Section 2309 Wood Frame Construction Manual 840
Key Points 841
Chapter 24 Glass and Glazing 843
Section 2402 Glazing Replacement 844
Section 2403 General Requirements for Glass 844
Section 2404 Wind, Snow, Seismic, and Dead Loads on Glass 845
Section 2405 Sloped Glazing and Skylights 847
Section 2406 Safety Glazing 850
Section 2407 Glass in Handrails and Guards 861
Section 2408 Glazing in Athletic Facilities 862
Section 2409 Glass in Walkways, Elevator Hoistways, and Elevator Cars 862
Key Points 863
Chapter 25 Gypsum Board, Gypsum Panel Products, and Plaster 865
Section 2501 General 866
Section 2508 Gypsum Construction 866
Section 2510 Lathing and Furring for Cement Plaster (Stucco) 868
Section 2511 Interior Plaster 870
Section 2512 Exterior Plaster 871
Key Points 873
Chapter 26 Plastic 875
Section 2603 Foam Plastic Insulation 876
Section 2605 Plastic Veneer 881
Section 2606 Light-Transmitting Plastics 882
Section 2608 Light-Transmitting Plastic Glazing 882
Section 2609 Light-Transmitting Plastic Roof Panels 883
Section 2610 Light-Transmitting Plastic Skylight Glazing 883
Key Points 884
Chapter 27 Electrical 885
Section 2702 Emergency and Standby Power Systems 886
Key Points 887
Chapter 28 Mechanical 889
Chapter 29 Plumbing 891
Section 2902 Minimum Plumbing Facilities 892
Section 2903 Installation of Fixtures 896
Key Points 897
Chapter 30 Elevators and Conveying Systems 899
Section 3001 General 900
Section 3002 Hoistway Enclosures 900
Section 3003 Emergency Operations 904
Section 3006 Elevator Lobbies and Hoistway Opening Protection 904
Section 3007 Fire Service Access Elevator 905
Section 3008 Occupant Evacuation Elevators 906
Key Points 908
Chapter 31 Special Construction 909
Section 3102 Membrane Structures 910
Section 3103 Temporary Buildings 911
Section 3104 Pedestrian Walkways and Tunnels 912
Section 3106 Marquees 913
Section 3111 Solar Enrgy Systems 914
Section 3113 Relocatable Buildings 914
Section 3115 Intermodal Shipping Containers 915
Key Points 915
Chapter 32 Encroachments into the Public Right-of-Way 917
Section 3201 General 918
Section 3202 Encroachments 918
Key Points 922
Chapter 33 Safeguards During Construction 923
Section 3302 Construction Safeguards 924
Section 3303 Demolition 924
Section 3304 Site Work 924
Section 3306 Protection of Pedestrians 926
Section 3307 Protection of Adjoining Property 928
Section 3308 Temporary Use of Streets, Alleys, and Public Property 929
Section 3309 Fire Extinguishers 929
Section 3310 Means of Egress 929
Section 3311 Standpipes 929
Section 3313 Water Supply for Fire Protection 930
Section 3314 Fire Watch During Construction 930
Key Points 931
Chapter 34 Reserved 933
Chapter 35 Referenced Standards 935
Appendices 937
Appendix A Employee Qualifications 938
Appendix B Board of Appeals 938
Appendix C Group U Agricultural Buildings 939
Appendix D Fire Districts 939
Appendix E Supplementary Accessibility Requirements 941
Appendix F Rodentproofing 941
Appendix G Flood-Resistant Construction 941
Appendix H Signs 942
Appendix I Patio Covers 942
Appendix J Grading 943
Appendix K Administrative Provisions 943
Appendix L Earthquake Recording Instrumentation 943
Appendix M Tsunami-Generated Flood Hazard 943
Appendix N Replicable Buildings 944
Appendix O Performance-Based Application 944
Metric Conversion Table 947
Metric Units, System International (SI) 948
Soft Metrication 948
Hard Metrication 948
