Breaking Protocol: America's First Female Ambassadors, 1933-1964

Breaking Protocol: America's First Female Ambassadors, 1933-1964

by Philip Nash
Breaking Protocol: America's First Female Ambassadors, 1933-1964

Breaking Protocol: America's First Female Ambassadors, 1933-1964

by Philip Nash

Hardcover

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Overview

"It used to be," soon-to-be secretary of state Madeleine K. Albright said in 1996, "that the only way a woman could truly make her foreign policy views felt was by marrying a diplomat and then pouring tea on an offending ambassador's lap."

This world of US diplomacy excluded women for a variety of misguided reasons: they would let their emotions interfere with the task of diplomacy, they were not up to the deadly risks that could arise overseas, and they would be unable to cultivate the social contacts vital to success in the field. The men of the State Department objected but had to admit women, including the first female ambassadors: Ruth Bryan Owen, Florence "Daisy" Harriman, Perle Mesta, Eugenie Anderson, Clare Boothe Luce, and Frances Willis. These were among the most influential women in US foreign relations in their era.

Using newly available archival sources, Philip Nash examines the history of the "Big Six" and how they carved out their rightful place in history. After a chapter capturing the male world of American diplomacy in the early twentieth century, the book devotes one chapter to each of the female ambassadors and delves into a number of topics, including their backgrounds and appointments, the issues they faced while on the job, how they were received by host countries, the complications of protocol, and the press coverage they received, which was paradoxically favorable yet deeply sexist. In an epilogue that also provides an overview of the role of women in modern US diplomacy, Nash reveals how these trailblazers helped pave the way for more gender parity in US foreign relations.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780813178394
Publisher: University Press of Kentucky
Publication date: 01/21/2020
Series: Studies in Conflict, Diplomacy, and Peace
Pages: 304
Product dimensions: 6.00(w) x 9.00(h) x (d)
Age Range: 18 Years

About the Author

Philip Nash is associate professor of history at Penn State Shenango. He is the author of The Other Missiles of October: Eisenhower, Kennedy, and the Jupiters, 1957–1963, as well as numerous articles and book chapters.

Table of Contents

The Patriarchs: American Diplomats in the Early Twentieth Century
Ruth Bryan Owens: Denmark, 1933-1936
Florence Jaffray Harriman: Norway, 1937-1941
Perle S. Mesta: Luxembourg, 1949-1953
Eugenie M. Anderson: Denmark, 1949-1953, and Bulgaria, 1962-1964
Clare Boothe Luce: Italy, 1953-1956
Frances E. Willies: Switzerland, 1953-1957, Norway, 1957-1961, and Ceylon, 1961-1964
Epilogue: 1964-2018

What People are Saying About This

Anne-Marie Slaughter

"Breaking Protocol is a lively and entertaining read; the depth of the sexism it depicts in the encrusted male world of twentieth century diplomacy is astonishing and revelatory, even when we should be prepared for it. The first women to break the diplomatic glass ceiling are a tough and spirited bunch, well worth resurrecting and remembering!"

Molly Wood

"In this highly readable, timely, and well-researched addition to the scholarly research on American diplomacy, Nash engages in a much needed act of "historical recovery" featuring the first six female US Ambassadors, expertly weaving biography with contextual analysis of a slowly evolving US Foreign Service from the 1930s to the 1960s."

Sylvia Bashevkin

"Here at last is the long-neglected story of America's pioneering women diplomats. Breaking Protocol reveals the contributions of six trail-blazers who practiced innovative statecraft in order to surmount all kinds of obstacles—including many posed by their own employer, the US State Department. Philip Nash's illuminating study offers an invaluable foundation for our understanding of contemporary foreign policy decision-makers."

From the Publisher

"Here at last is the long-neglected story of America's pioneering women diplomats. Breaking Protocol reveals the contributions of six trail-blazers who practiced innovative statecraft in order to surmount all kinds of obstacles — including many posed by their own employer, the US State Department. Philip Nash's illuminating study offers an invaluable foundation for our understanding of contemporary foreign policy decision-makers." — Sylvia Bashevkin, author of Women as Foreign Policy Leaders: National Security and Gender Politics in Superpower America


"Diplomacy is the one field of public political life that has been relatively open to women — we need only think of Hillary Clinton, Condoleeza Rice, and Madeleine Albright. In Breaking Protocol, Philip Nash reminds us of the history of their achievements with an enduring and enticing record of the much longer, surprising history of female diplomats and their individual efforts to shape American and international politics." — Glenda Sluga, University of Sydney


"In this highly readable, timely, and well-researched addition to the scholarly research on American diplomacy, Nash engages in a much needed act of "historical recovery" featuring the first six female US Ambassadors, expertly weaving biography with contextual analysis of a slowly evolving US Foreign Service from the 1930s to the 1960s." — Molly Wood, Wittenberg University


" Breaking Protocol is another important, pioneering book by Philip Nash. This thoroughly researched and gracefully written history of America's first six female ambassadors provides new insights into diplomatic history, Women's Studies, and the conduct of American foreign policy over the course of three of the most critical decades (1933—1964) of the twentieth century. Pathbreaking!" — Martin J. Sherwin, Pulitzer Prize winning coauthor (with Kai Bird) of American Prometheus: The Triumph and Tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer


" Breaking Protocol is a lively and entertaining read; the depth of the sexism it depicts in the encrusted male world of twentieth century diplomacy is astonishing and revelatory, even when we should be prepared for it. The first women to break the diplomatic glass ceiling are a tough and spirited bunch, well worth resurrecting and remembering!" — Anne-Marie Slaughter, CEO, New America

Glenda Sluga

"Diplomacy is the one field of public political life that has been relatively open to women—we need only think of Hillary Clinton, Condoleeza Rice, and Madeleine Albright. In Breaking Protocol, Philip Nash reminds us of the history of their achievements with an enduring and enticing record of the much longer, surprising history of female diplomats and their individual efforts to shape American and international politics."

Martin J. Sherwin

"Breaking Protocol is another important, pioneering book by Philip Nash. This thoroughly researched and gracefully written history of America's first six female ambassadors provides new insights into diplomatic history, Women's Studies, and the conduct of American foreign policy over the course of three of the most critical decades (1933–1964) of the twentieth century. Pathbreaking!"

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