Table of Contents
1 Scrubbing, Gowning and Gloving Techniques Sudhir Kumar Jain David L Stoker 1
Surgical Hand Scrub 1
Surgical Gown Technique 3
Surgical Gloving Technique 6
2 Knot Tying Techniques Sudhir Kumar Jain David L Stoker 10
Safe Principles of Knot Tying 10
Methods of Knot Tying 10
Importance of Knot Tying 11
Components of a Knotted Suture Loop 11
Endo Knotting 22
Technique of Square and Surgeon's Knot 24
Aberdeen Knot 26
3 Wound Closure Techniques Sudhir Kumar Jain David L Stoker 28
Wound Closure Techniques 28
Suturing of Lacerations 28
Wound Suturing 29
Types of Sutures 30
Postsuturing Management 32
Suture Removal 32
Other Methods of Wound Closure 32
4 Surgery of Common Skin Lesions Under Local Anaesthesia Sudhir Kumar Jain Beryl Antoinette De Souza 34
Anaesthesia 34
Common Skin Procedures 35
Lipoma Excision 36
Basal Cell Carcinoma (Rodent Ulcer) 37
Squamous Cell Carcinoma 37
Malignant Melanoma 37
5 Sutures in Surgery Sudhir Kumar Jain David L Stoker 38
Definition 38
Ideal Suture 38
Classification of Suture Material 38
Absorbable Sutures 39
Nonabsorbable Sutures 41
Tips for Preservation of Tensile Strength of Suture 43
Surgical Needles 43
Types of Needles According to Shape 44
6 Patient Positioning during Surgery Sudhir Kumar Jain David L Stoker 46
Supine Position for Laparotomy 46
Neck Surgery 46
Posterolateral Thoracotomy 47
Lumbar Approach for Kidney 47
Modified Radical Mastectomy 48
Anterior Resection or Abdominoperineal Resection 48
Trendelenburg Position 48
Position for Cystoscopy 49
Vaginal Operations 49
Surgeon's Position 49
Ideal Height of the Operation Table 50
7 Anastomosis in Surgery Sudhir Kumar Jain Raman Tanwar 52
Historical Aspects 52
Ideal Anastomosis 52
Types of Anastomosis 52
Intestinal Anastomosis 52
Basic Arterial Surgical Techniques 58
8 Art of Instrument Handling Sudhir Kumar Jain David L Stoker 63
Broad Classification of Instruments 63
The Scissors 64
Thumb Forceps and Tissue Holding Forceps 65
Artery Forceps (Haemostatic Forceps and Haemostats) 66
Needle Holders 67
Retractors 67
Clamps 69
9 Drains in Surgery Sudhir Kumar Jain David L Stoker 70
Definition 70
Types of Drains 71
Types of Drainage Systems 72
10 Minimal Access Surgery Raman Tanwar Sudhir Kumar Jain David L Stoker 74
Definition 74
Basic Laparoscopic Skills 75
Basic Requirements for Laparoscopic Surgery 78
Physiology of Pneumoperitoneum 79
Creating a Safe Pneumoperitoneum 80
11 Haernostasis Sudhir Kumar Jain David L Stoker 83
Types of Bleeding 83
Bleeding during Surgery 84
Control of Haemorrhage 84
12 Biopsy Techniques Sudhir Kumar Jain David L Stoker 90
Rules of Tissue Biopsy 90
Types of Biopsy 91
13 Dissection Techniques Raman Tawar Sudhir Kumar Jain 95
Dissection 95
Definition 95
Modes of Dissection 95
14 Surgical Diathermy: Principles and Precautions Sudhir Kumar Jain David L Stoker 99
15 Dressing and Wound Care Gemma Conn Sudhir Kumar Jain 104
The Ideal Dressing 104
Assessment of Wounds 106
Types of Dressing 107
16 Basics of Lasers in Surgery Raman Tanwar Sudhir Kumar Jain 110
17 Basic Surgical Procedures Raman Tanwar Sudhir Kumar Jain 116
Incision and Drainage of Abscess 116
Drainage of Breast Abscess 117
Intercostal Chest Tube Drainage 117
Circumcision 118
Hydrocele Operation 118
Appendicectomy 120
Tension-Free Mesh Hernioplasty 121
Bassini's Repair 124
Shouldice Repair 125
Open Cholecystectomy 126
No Scalpel Vasectomy 128
Trendelenburg's Operation for Varicose Veins 129
18 General Surgical Instruments Raman Tanwar Sudhir Kumar Jain 130
Section 1: General Surgical Instruments 131
Section 2: Staplers 140
Basic Laparoscopic Instruments 142
19 Recent Developments of Energy Sources in Surgery Raman Tanwar Sudhir Kumar Jain 146
Application of Electric Current 146
Radiofrequency Ablation 147
Ultrasonic Shears 147
Microwaves 149
Cryoablation 149
Index 151
