California: The Politics of Diversity / Edition 9 available in Paperback
California: The Politics of Diversity / Edition 9
- ISBN-10:
- 1305629914
- ISBN-13:
- 9781305629912
- Pub. Date:
- 01/01/2016
- Publisher:
- Cengage Learning
- ISBN-10:
- 1305629914
- ISBN-13:
- 9781305629912
- Pub. Date:
- 01/01/2016
- Publisher:
- Cengage Learning
California: The Politics of Diversity / Edition 9
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Overview
Product Details
ISBN-13: | 9781305629912 |
---|---|
Publisher: | Cengage Learning |
Publication date: | 01/01/2016 |
Edition description: | Older Edition |
Pages: | 320 |
Product dimensions: | 7.20(w) x 9.00(h) x 0.50(d) |
About the Author
Jeff Cummins is Professor of Political Science at California State University, Fresno. He previously worked for the Legislative Analyst's Office (LAO) in Sacramento where he advised the legislature on budgetary and policy issues. He also worked for the California State Auditor, performing audits of various state agencies. He teaches several courses on California government, including California Politics and Public Budgeting. He is the author of Boom and Bust: The Politics of the California Budget and his publications on state politics and policy have appeared in such journals as State Politics and Policy Quarterly, Social Science Quarterly, and American Politics Research. He frequently provides commentary to news media and has been interviewed by National Public Radio (NPR) affiliates, the New York Times, The Economist, the National Journal, the Sacramento Bee, Los Angeles Times, and the Fresno Bee.
David G. Lawrence is professor emeritus of political science at Westmont College in Santa Barbara, California. As a teacher, scholar, and former public official, he has applied theory and practice to California politics. He served on a city council as mayor pro tem, chaired a regional planning agency, and is former president of the California Association of Councils of Governments (CALCOG). He currently serves on the Measure A Citizens Oversight Committee, a group that advises the Santa Barbara County Association of Governments on the expenditure of sales tax revenues earmarked for transportation (an estimated $1 billion over 30 years). He is also former president of the California Center for Education in Public Affairs, a consortium of colleges and universities dedicated to helping students better understand California politics through Sacramento seminars and post-election briefings.
Table of Contents
Preface XV
Foundations of California Politics 1
Explaining California Politics 3
In Brief 3
Introduction 4
How Diversity Explains California Politics 5
Land 6
Regions 6
Resources 7
People 7
Economy 11
How Political Theory Explains California Politics 12
Democratic Theory 12
Elite Theory 13
Pluralist Theory 14
Hyperpluralism 15
How Hyperpluralism Explains California Politics 15
The Constancy of Individualism 15
A Diversity of Interests and Cultures 16
Fading Majoritarianism 16
Structural Conflict 17
California: The Ironies of Diversity 17
Key Terms 18
Review Questions 19
Web Activities 19
Notes 19
California's Political Development 21
In Brief 21
Introduction 22
The Idea of Political Culture 22
The Idea of Political Development 23
The Politics of Unification 23
Spanish "Rule" 24
Mexican "Control" 24
Statehood 25
The 1849 Constitution 26
The Politics of Modernization 27
The Gold Rush 21
The Big Four 21
Water 29
Other Modernizing Factors 31
The Politics of Welfare 32
The Progressive Movement 32
The Great Depression 32
Earl Warren 32
Edmund G. (Pat) Brown 34
The Politics of Abundance and Beyond 35
Key Terms 31
Review Questions 31
Web Activities 38
Notes 38
Constitutionalism and Federalism: The Perimeters of California Politics 40
In Brief 40
Introduction: Rules and Boundaries 41
California's Constitution 42
What It Contains 43
What Makes It Distinctive 44
California and the Nation: The Bounderies of Federalism 47
Dual Federalism 47
Cooperative Federalism 47
Centralized Federalism 47
On Your Own Federalism 48
Progmatic Federalism 48
Federalism and California's Native Americans 49
California in Washington 50
California and the World: The Politics of Fences 52
Immigration 53
Trade 55
Conclusion 55
Key Terms 56
Review Questions 56
Web Activities 57
Notes 57
Political Participation in California 59
Direct Democracy in a Hyperpluralistic Age 61
In Brief 61
The Impact of Progressivism 62
Progressivism: California Style 63
Selected Initiative Battles in California 64
Proposition 13: Give the Money Back 65
Proposition 5: Casino Fever 67
Proposition 22: Gay Marriage 67
Propostion 71: Stem Cell Research 69
The Initiative Mess 70
Prospect for Initiative Reform 75
Progressive Cousins: Referandum and Recall 76
State Level Recalls 76
Local Level Recalls 77
Conclusion: The Legacy and the Paradox 77
Key Terms 78
Review Questions 78
Web Activities 79
Notes 79
The Political Behavior of Californians 81
In Brief 81
Forms of Participation in a Democracy 82
Conventional Participation 82
The Exit Option 83
The Protest Option 84
Voters and Nonvoters in California 85
Who Votes in California? 85
Those Who Cannot Vote 85
Those Who Will Not Vote 87
Partisanship in California 89
Party Affiliation 89
The Partisan Geography of California 91
California's Electoral Gaps 91
Conclusion: Divided by Diversity 94
Key Terms 95
Review Questions 95
Web Activities 95
Notes 96
Linking People and Policymakers 98
In Brief 98
Introduction 99
Mass Media 100
Newspapers 100
Television 102
Radio 104
The Internet 104
Political Parties 104
Political Parties: California Style 105
How the Parties are Organized 107
Surrogate Parties 108
Endorsement Politics 108
Elections 110
Campaign Professionals and Pollsters 110
The Role of Money 112
California Elections and National Politics 113
Interest Groups 114
California Groups: Who are They? 115
How Interest Groups Organize 117
What Interest Groups Do 118
Conclusion: Competing for Influence 119
Key Terms 120
Review Questions 120
Web Activities 120
Notes 121
Political Institutions in California 123
Legislative Politics 125
In Brief 125
Introduction: The Road to Proposition 140 126
California's Legislative History 127
What the Legislature Does 128
Policymaking 129
Representation 129
Executive Oversight 131
Civic Education 133
Getting There and Staying There 133
Recruitment 133
Why They Stay: Rewards of Office 134
How They Stay: Reapportionment Politics 135
The 2001 Reapportionment 136
Organizing to Legislate 137
The Role of Leadership 131
The Committee System 141
The Staff 142
The Legislative Process 142
The Third House 144
Conclusion 147
Key Terms 147
Review Questions 147
Web Activities 148
Notes 148
Executive Politics 150
In Brief 150
Introduction 151
How Governors Lead 152
The Governor's Duties and Powers 155
Executive Powers 156
Budget Leadership 158
Legislative Powers 159
Judicial Powers 161
Other Powers 162
The Plural Executive: Competing for Power 162
Lieutenant Governor 162
Attorney General 163
Secretary of State 164
Superintendent of Public Instruction 164
Insurance Commissioner 165
Fiscal Officers 165
California's Bureaucracy and the Politics of Diversity 167
Functions of Bureaucracy 167
Power Sharing and Clout 168
Executive Branch Reform 168
Conclusion 169
Key Terms 169
Review Questions 170
Web Activities 170
Notes 170
California's Judiciary 172
In Brief 172
Introduction 173
State Courts in Our Legal "System" 174
How California's Courts Are Organized 174
Trial Courts 175
Appellate Courts 176
Supreme Court 176
So You Want to Be a Judge 176
Entering the Profession 177
The Right Experience 178
Selection Mechanics 178
Judicial Discipline 179
How Courts Make Decisions 180
The Criminal Process 181
The Civil Process 182
Juries and Popular Justice 183
How Courts Make Policy 183
Trial Court Policymaking 184
Appellate Court Policymaking 184
Criminal Justice and Punishment 185
Conclusion 189
Key Terms 190
Review Questions 190
Web Activities 190
Notes 191
Community Politics 193
In Brief 193
Introduction 194
The Role of Community 195
The Limits of Community Government 196
Counties 198
The Shape of County Government 198
County Troubles 201
Cities 202
How Communities Become Municipalities 203
"Cities" Without "Government" 204
How California Cities are Run 204
Cities and Counties: An Uneasy Relationship 208
Special Districts 208
What Makes Them Special? 209
The Stealth Governments of California 209
Special District Politics and Problems 209
School Districts 211
Regional Governments 212
Conclusion: Diverse Communities, Diverse Governments 213
Key Terms 214
Review Questions 214
Web Activities 214
Notes 215
Budget Policy: The Cost of Diversity 216
In Brief 216
Introduction: Budgeting as Public Policy 217
Where Budgeting Begins: The Economy 219
Economic Diversity 219
Today's Challenge: A Two-Tier Economy 219
California's Local Economies 219
The Budget Process 220
How California Budgeting Works 220
Constraints on the Process 222
Local Budget Processes 223
Types of Revenue 224
Major State Revenues 225
Local Revenue 229
Where The Money Goes 231
State Expenditures 231
Local Expenditures 232
The Need for Budget Reform 233
Conclusion: The Cost of Diversity 234
Key Terms 234
Review Questions 234
Web Activities 235
Notes 235
Policies Stemming from Growth 237
In Brief 237
Introduction: Growth in California 238
Why California Grew 239
The Drumbeat of Growth 240
Structuring Local Growth 242
No-Growth Politics in California 242
Water: Making Growth Possible 243
Storing Water 244
Moving Water 245
Recent Water Developments 248
Housing: For Many, the Impossible Dream 248
The California Dream 248
Housing Policy as Filter "Down" 249
Affordability 249
Transportation: Stuck in Traffic 250
The Problem 250
California's Transportation Policies 252
Energy and Environment 253
Energy 253
Environment 253
Conclusion: A New Growth Policy for California? 255
Key Terms 251
Review Questions 257
Web Activities 251
Notes 258
Policies Stemming from Diversity 259
In Brief 259
Introduction: The Challenge of Diversity 260
California Policy as Group Struggle 262
Social Issues: Abortionand Gay Rights 263
Abortion 263
Gay Rights 265
Education: Coping with Growth and Diversity 266
Pressures on Education 266
Education Reform 268
Higher Education: An Uncertain Future 270
The Majoritarian Ideal 270
Rethinking the Plan 271
Diversity on Campus 272
Social Programs 273
Welfare Policy 273
Health Policy 275
Immigration: Conflict over Newcomers 277
Federal Policies, California Impacts 278
California's Immigration "Policy" 279
Conclusion 279
Key Term 280
Review Questions 281
Web Activities 281
Notes 281
Index 283