Table of Contents
List of Abbreviations 10
Series Preface 15
Preface 17
1 Foundation of the New Perspective on Paul 19
Introduction 20
Brief Summary of NPP and Justification 20
Sanders' Covenantal Nomism is the Foundation of NPP 25
Focus and Thesis 27
New Perspective or New Perspectives? 30
Quick History of NPP and Evangelicalisms 31
Outline of the Book 34
2 Works Righteousness: Reformed and Covenantal-Nomism Frameworks 37
Introduction 38
Definition of Legalistic Works Righteousness 39
Reformed Framework 43
Covenant of Works and Covenant of Grace 43
Second and Third Use of the Law 47
Introduction 47
Second Use of the Law 48
Third Use of the Law 49
Second and Third Use: Equal Condemnation of the Lutherans and Reformed? 51
Final Judgment and Justification 53
Covenantal Nomism Framework 56
Introduction 56
Precursors to Sanders 56
C. G. Montefiore 57
George Foot Moore 58
Krister Stendahl 59
Paul and Palestinian Judaism and Covenantal Nomism 59
Covenantal Nomism Defined 61
Sanders' Various Explanations for Conflicting Data 62
Preliminary Broad-Brush Critiques of Covenantal Nomism 65
Covenantal Nomism as Defined Appears To Include Works Righteousness 65
Final Judgment De-emphasized 67
Election is not always Grace 67
Admission of Gentiles and Qumran Community 68
Variegated Judaism 69
Halakah Emphasis Tends Toward Works Righteousness 70
Repentance and Works Righteousness 71
Reliability of the New Testament for Second Temple Judaism Views 72
Summary of Chapter 74
3 Works Righteousness in Jewish Literature? 77
Introduction 77
Apocrypha 79
4 Ezra 79
Sirach (Ecclcsiasticus, Wisdom of Jesus the Son of Sirach) 81
Old Testament Pseudepigrapha 82
2 Baruch 83
Testament of Abraham 84
Psalms of Solomon 86
Dead Sea Scrolls 89
Rule of the Community (1QS) 90
Pesher Habakkuk (1QPHAB) 94
Miqsat Ma'ase Ha-Torah (4QMMT) 96
Rabbinic Literature 102
Mishnah 103
m. Abot 103
m. Sotah 107
Tosefta 109
t. Qiddushin 109
t. Sanhedrin 112
Babylonian Talmud 119
b. Rosh Hashaniih 120
Summary of Chapter 124
4 Works Righteousness in 'Deutero-Paul'? 127
Introduction 128
Deutero-Paul 128
Five Scenarios 131
Brief Reminder of NPP Views 133
Three Non-NPP Views 137
I. Howard Marshall 138
Michael Wolter 139
John M. G. Barclay 143
Summary of Three Non-NPP Views 147
Exegesis of Ephesians 2:8-10, Titus 3:4-7, Second Timothy 1:8-10 148
Ephesians 2:8-10 148
Titus 3:4-7 155
Second Timothy 1:8-10 162
Summary of Exegesis 168
Sanders, Dunn, Wright 169
E. P. Sanders 170
Critique of E. P. Sanders 171
James D. G. Dunn 172
Critique of James D. G. Dunn 177
N.T. Wright 182
Critique of N. T. Wright 188
Summary of Chapter 193
5 Summary 197
Introduction and Thesis 197
'Five Points' of NPP 199
Broad-Brush Critiques of Covenanted Nomism 199
Works Righteousness in Specific Jewish Documents 200
Works Righteousness in 'Deutero-Paul' 201
Concluding Thoughts 202
Appendix: Overview of Judaism's Literary Sources 207
Introduction 207
Literary Sources Considered for this Study 208
Dating of Major Literary Sources 208
Include Rabbinic Literature? 212
Include New Testament? 214
Include LXX, Targums, etc.? 216
Methodology Related to Dating Problems 218
Summary of Literary Sources Considered For This Study 220
Variegated Judaism: Parties and Movements 220
Reliability of Sources to Determine Parties and Movements 221
Parties 222
Pharisees 223
Sadducees 225
Essenes and Qumran Community 227
Therapeutac 228
Zealots, Sicarii, 'Fourth Philosophy' 229
Herodians 231
Samaritans 231
Summary of Parties 234
Movements 234
Palestinian Judaism and Hellenistic Judaism 234
Apocalypticism 240
Summary of Variegated Judaism: Parties and Movements 242
Judaism's Literary Sources 244
Apocrypha 244
Tobit 248
1 Maccabees 248
4 Maccabees 250
Sirach (Ecclesiasticus, Wisdom of Jesus the Son of Sirach) 250
Old Testament Pseudepigrapha 251
2 Baruch 253
Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs 254
Joseph and Aseneth 255
Psalms of Solomon 256
Dead Sea Scrolls 258
Rule of the Community (1QS) 259
Genesis Apocryphon (1QapGen) 260
4Q509 (fragment 3) 261
Rabbinic Literature 262
Mishnah 264
Tosefta 266
Babylonian Talmud 267
Usefulness for First-Century A.D. Judaism? 270
Summary of Chapter 271
Bibliography 273
Scripture Index 297
Subject Index 303
Extra-canonical Texts Index 00
