Table of Contents
Preface xi
List of symbols xiii
1 Introduction 1
2 Physical properties and dimensional analysis 4
2.1 Dimensions and units 4
2.2 Physical properties of water 7
2.3 Physical properties of sediment 10
2.4 Dimensional analysis 19
3 Mechanics of sediment-laden flows 28
3.1 Kinematics of flow 28
3.2 Equation of continuity 30
3.3 Equations of motion 37
3.4 Euler equation 41
3.5 Bernoulli equation 45
3.6 Momentum equations 47
3.7 Power equation 54
4 Particle motion in inviscid fluids 64
4.1 Irrotational flow around a circular cylinder 66
4.2 Irrotational flow around a sphere 74
5 Particle motion in Newtonian fluids 84
5.1 Navier-Stokes equations 84
5.2 Newtonian flow around a sphere 88
5.3 Drag force on a sphere 90
5.4 Drag coefficient and fall velocity 94
5.5 Rate of energy dissipation 100
5.6 Laboratory measurements of particle size 103
6 Turbulent velocity profiles 113
6.1 Logarithmic velocity profiles 115
6.2 Smooth and rough plane boundaries 117
6.3 Resistance of flow 120
6.4 Deviations from logarithmic velocity profiles 126
6.5 Open-channel flow measurements 132
7 Incipient motion 143
7.1 Angle of repose 143
7.2 Submerged incipient motion 146
7.3 Moment stability analysis 155
7.4 Simplified stability analysis 162
8 Bedforms 170
8.1 Mechanics of bedforms 170
8.2 Bedform classification and geometry 174
8.3 Resistance to flow with bedforms 183
8.4 Field observations of bedforms 188
9 Bedload 195
9.1 Bedload equations 196
9.2 Bed layer characteristics 202
9.3 Bed sediment sampling 203
9.4 Bedload measurements 206
10 Suspended load 216
10.1 Sediment concentration 216
10.2 Advection-diffusion equation 218
10.3 Turbulent mixing of washload 221
10.4 Suspended sediment concentration profiles 229
10.5 Suspended load 236
10.6 Hyperconcentrations 239
10.7 Field measurements of suspended sediment 254
11 Total load 264
11.1 Sediment transport capacity 266
11.2 Sediment-rating curves 290
11.3 Short- and long-term sediment load 296
11.4 Sediment sources and sediment yield 301
12 Reservoir sedimentation 319
12.1 Incoming sediment load 320
12.2 Reservoir hydraulics 320
12.3 Trap efficiency and aggradation 322
12.4 Dry specific weight of sediment deposits 325
12.5 Life expectancy of reservoirs 327
12.6 Density currents 328
12.7 Reservoir sedimentation surveys 332
12.8 Control measures 333
Appendix A Einstein's Sediment Transport Method 339
Appendix B Useful mathematical relationships 350
Bibliography 354
Index 365
