Essentials of Health Behavior: Social and Behavioral Theory in Public Health / Edition 3

by Mark Edberg

Overview

Health promotion, education, and prevention programs ultimately focus on changing health behavior. Most of these programs rely on a body of knowledge about what motivates and influences human behavior. In order to understand why people behave in healthy (or unhealthy) ways, we must first understand-why do people do what they do? Essentials of Health Behavior provides a broad introduction to the theoretical base used for most behavioral interventions in public health today. The text explores the general body of theory from the disciplines of psychology, sociology, and anthropology to understand and explain human behavior-as well as the contexts for behavior-and introduces the reader to the ways in which theory is applied to prevention and intervention efforts in the United States and around the world.

Features: Filled with real-life examples through which the reader will learn about a range of practical health promotion efforts, including smoking, cancer, cardiovascular disease, HIV/AIDS, maternal and child health, youth violence, and obesity. Uses language that is lively and accessible making it the perfect text for the beginning public health student. Each chapter concludes with questions to engage the reader in further reflection of the topics presented. A dedicated website provides additional resources for the instructor including PowerPoints, test questions, and an instructor's manual. As part of the Essential Public Health series, Essentials of Health Behavior provides all the necessary tools to make informed judgments about how to assess a public health or social problem, implement a program, and measure the results.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	2901284069340
Publication date:	03/14/2019
Pages:	240
Product dimensions:	6.50(w) x 1.50(h) x 9.50(d)

About the Author

Mark Edberg, PhD, MA, Professor, Department of Prevention and Community Health, in the Milken Institute School of Public Health with secondary appointments in the Department of Anthropology and Elliott School of International Affairs, at the George Washington University.Dr. Edberg is a cultural anthropologist with a focus on public health (domestic and global). He is particularly knowledgeable about how poverty and marginalization and other social/structural determinants intersect with key health issues, such as HIV/AIDS, substance use, youth violence, and health disparities in general.'Dr. Edberg is currently principal investigator (PI) for two research grants from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD, an NIH institute): Development, implementation and evaluation of a novel youth firearms violence prevention effort in collaboration with a community in Ward 8 of the District of Columbia, and a qualitative-to-quantitative effort to develop an instrument measuring indigenous historical trauma and its potential effects on health disparities among American Indian/Alaska Native communities.'

Table of Contents

Prologue     ix
Series Page     xi
Preface     xiii
Acknowledgments     xv
About the Author     xvii
Photo Credits     xix
On Health and Behavior-An Introduction     1
Introduction: The Links Between Health and Behavior     3
The Setting: Daily Life     3
The Questions     4
The Complex Social-Ecological Web     6
In This Book     7
Your Thoughts?     8
Chapter Questions     8
References     9
Health Issues and Behavior     11
Obesity     11
Youth Violence     14
HIV/AIDS     16
Behaviors, Theories, and Interventions     18
Chapter Questions     19
References     20
On the Roots of Behavior-A Multidisciplinary Survey     23
Social/Behavioral Theory and Its Roots     25
Thinking about Theory     25
The Context of Theory in the Western Tradition     26
Antecedents     29
Chapter Questions     33
References     34
Individual Health Behavior Theories     35
What AreWe Talking About?     35
The Health Belief Model (HBM)     35
The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)/Formerly Known as the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA)     39
Two Models of Behavior Change in Stages: The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) and Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM)     42
Chapter Questions     48
References     49
Social, Cultural, and Environmental Theories (Part I)     51
What Are We Talking About?     51
Social Cognitive Theory (SCT)/Formerly Known as Social Learning Theory     51
Social Network Theory     56
Social Process Theories and Approaches: Diffusion of Innovations (DOI) and Social Marketing     58
Chapter Questions     63
References     64
Social, Cultural, and Environmental Theories (Part II)     65
Communications Theory     65
Community and Organizational Change     69
Political Economy     72
Anthropology and Cultural Theory: Behavior as Adaptation; Behavior as Meaningful and Symbolic     73
Chapter Questions     77
References     78
Doing Something About It: The Ecological Perspective and the Move From Theory to Practice     79
Where Do You Start? Picking Your Battles      79
Planning Approaches-A Sampler Precede-Proceed     80
Chapter Questions     89
References     90
Putting Theory Into Practice     91
Communities and Populations As Focus For Health Promotion Programs     93
Community Intervention, or Intervention in a Community?     93
Community Intervention and the Complexity of Communities     97
Communities As Experts     98
Population-Based Health Promotion     98
Tailoring     99
Sustainability     101
Chapter Questions     101
References     102
Application of Theory: Schools and Worksites     103
Settings for Intervention     103
Schools     103
Workplace Settings     107
Chapter Questions     112
References     113
Application of Theory: Communications Campaigns     115
Communicating Through the Public Media     115
Communications Campaigns     116
Media Advocacy     118
Health Behavior Theory and Communications Campaigns/Mass Media Campaigns     120
Program Examples     121
Chapter Questions     123
References      124
Application of Theory: Global Health     125
The Setting: Health in the Global Context     125
The Global Health System     127
Theory and Its Application     128
Health Behavior Theory and the Global Setting     130
Program Examples     133
Chapter Questions     135
References     136
Application of Theory: High-Risk and Special Populations     137
Introduction     137
Applying Behavioral Theory to High-Risk Populations and Contexts     139
Harm Reduction Approaches to Addressing High-Risk Behavior     142
Generative Approaches to Understanding Risk Behavior     143
Chapter Questions     148
References     149
Evaluation: What Is It? Why Is It Needed? How Does It Relate to Theory?     151
Introduction     151
Evaluation and the Current Program Environment     151
The Types of Evaluation     152
Using a "Logic Model" to Set Up an Evaluation     154
On Evaluation Methods     156
What Kinds of Impact or Outcome?     159
Chapter Questions     160
References     161
Current Trends     163
Culture, Diversity, and Health Disparities: Are Current Theories Relevant?     155
Introduction     165
Why Health Disparities?     166
What to Do: How Is Theory Connected to Resolving Health Disparities?     168
Chapter Questions     173
References     174
Career Choices and Social/Behavioral Theory In Public Health: A Brief Introduction     175
Chapter Questions     112
The Possibilities     179
Index     181

Editorial Reviews

Reviewer: Sally Kuykendall , RN, BSc, PhD (Saint Joseph's University)
Description: Models and theories provide the framework for effective health programs. Without a theoretical framework, communities and practitioners are merely guessing at what works and possibly causing greater harm. This is the third edition of an introduction to health behavior, current health issues, health behavior models and theories, their application to community-based health promotion programs, and career paths in public health. The accompanying website presents the content by individual chapter, which contains links to the chapter learning objectives, ebook, ebook quiz, slides, quiz, and lecture outline. The previous edition was published in 2013.
Purpose: The main objective is to introduce students to current public health models and theories. The book demonstrates how each model or theory provides steps guiding best practices, in both text and diagrams. The diagrams provide quick, clear, and easy representations of the major constructs of each theory. For example, the Stages of Change Model can be used to understand and intervene in reducing dietary fat intake. In employing different strategies at different stages of change, the practitioner can walk the client through behavioral change. The book and online resources meet the stated objectives as well as going the extra distance by explaining how students can use the information in professional practice.
Audience: The audience is undergraduate public health students. Both the content and the way it is presented is appropriate for this audience. The book also could be used as a quick reference by health professionals in planning and evaluating programs. The author, an associate professor in the Department of Prevention and Community Health at The George Washington University Milken Institute of Public Health, has over 25 years of experience in the field. His background and thoughtful approach to the subject help students make connections between theory and real-world practice.
Features: The book begins by linking health behavior and health problems. The examples of obesity, youth violence, and HIV/AIDS demonstrate the breadth and depth of public health. The writing style is clear, and the author carefully leads readers from simple to complex ideas. Each chapter is carefully laid out grouping models and theories by level of intervention (individual, social and cultural, and environmental), critiques of the model or theory, additional models for further consideration, study questions, and references. The references are all scholarly references, modeling appropriate writing for undergraduate students in the health professions. This third edition contains updated statistics, case examples, and a chapter on behavioral epigenetics. The author presents public health models in a cohesive and clear manner. His background in anthropology and experience in public health provide connections between the history of science and scientific discovery, modern day public health practice, and domestic and global health issues. This book defines the field of public health theory.
Assessment: This book clearly defines the field of public health models and theories. Background information on the history of science, logic, and theory, helps readers to see the context and purpose of theory, why we have theories, and the use of theory to advance psychology, sociology, ecology, biology, and public health. The author groups theories in logical categories and presents numerous theories moving from individual theories (Health Belief Model) to multilayered social-environmental theories (communications theory). Case examples are woven into each chapter and in greater detail in later sections. There is also a section on program evaluation and how program evaluations relate to theory and practice. Chapter eight does a remarkable job of introducing and explaining epigenetics, how genetics and the environment interact to influence health behavior and vulnerability to disease. Compared to the gold standard of health behavior books, Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research and Practice, 5th edition, Glanz et al. (Jossey-Bass, An Imprint of Wiley, 2015), this book provides foundational knowledge critical to understanding and appreciating the importance of health models and theories and explores new frontiers in health behavior, such as epigenetics. It is appropriate for undergraduate students, practicing community health professionals, and graduate students seeking a quick review and update..

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