Table of Contents
List of Figures and Tables xv
Foreword to the Third Edition xvii
Foreword to the Second Edition xxi
Foreword to the First Edition xxv
Preface xxix
Acknowledgments xxxv
Introduction 1
A Third Edition for the Cyber and Robotics Age 1
Fleet Tactics: A Definition 2
More Terminology 3
A Pre-Underway Tour 6
1 Six Cornerstones 9
Commentary from Aboukir Bay 9
Six Cornerstones 15
Sailors Matter Most 18
Doctrine: The Glue of Tactics 20
To Know Tactics, Know Technology 23
The Seat of Purpose Is on the Land 24
"A Ship's a Fool to Fight a Fort" 26
Attack Effectively First 29
Lanchester's Equations 30
2 Tactical Development, 1650-1815 35
The Age of Fighting Sail 35
The Ship of the Line: Massing Firepower 36
The Column: The Means of Control 38
The Creative Phase 39
The Fighting Instructions Mature 42
English Tactics Ossified 42
Naval Tactics Restored 43
The Influence of Strategy 45
Summary 46
3 Tactical Development in Peacetime 49
The Golden Age of Tactical Thought, 1865-1914 49
Precursors 50
After the Civil War, 1865-85 52
Triumph of the Big Gun, 1900-1916 55
Reemergence of the Fighting Column 58
Crossing the T 62
Cruising Formation and Tactical Scouting 63
Command-and-Control 64
The Destroyer Screen and Torpedo Threat 67
Turn-of-the-Century Theory and Practice 69
Jutland 70
Concept versus Reality 72
Summary 74
4 World War II: The Revolution in Weaponry 76
Surprise or Upheaval? 76
Five New Tactical Problems 80
A Tactical Model of Carrier Warfare 83
Resolution of Tactical Problems 91
Summary 97
5 World War II: The Revolution in Sensors 99
Scouting Measures and Countermeasures 99
Radar 102
Night Surface Actions in the Solomons 104
The Solomons: A Conclusion 113
Radar and Air Defense 116
Submarine and Sensors 117
Tactical Interaction between Land and Sea Forces 120
6 After World War II 123
New Kinds of Naval Operations 123
Purposes of Naval Operations 125
Functions Performed by Naval Operations 126
Operations of Navies at Sea 127
Operational Constants, Trends, and Variables 129
Two Great Constants: Operational Maneuver and Efficiency of Movement 130
A Great Constant: Land Battles Are Much More Frequent 131
A Great Trend: Changes in Scouring Effectiveness 131
A Recent Trend That Will Become More Extant 132
The Greatest Variable: Social and Political Changes 132
Part Trend, Part Variable: Fewer Battles at Sea 135
Command Processes Govern Campaigns 136
Tension between Cohesive Action and Delegated Authority 138
Improving Wartime Operations with Campaign Analysis 139
7 The Evolution of Tactics in the Age of Missile Warfare 141
Nuclear Warheads and Long-Range Missiles 141
Effect of Nuclear Weapons on Fleet Tactics and Ships 142
Tactical Legacies of Strategic Warfare Thinking 143
Missiles in Maritime Warfare 144
A Campaign Perspective of the Tanker Wars 146
Missile Combat between Fleets: The Record 147
Lessons of the South Atlantic War 149
Casualties at Sea 151
Damage per Quantity of Ordnance 152
Tactical Considerations of Staying Power 157
Littoral Warfare: Measuring Performance 158
Littoral Campaigns 159
Summary 161
8 The Great Trends 163
On the Principles of War 163
The Processes of Combat 167
Maneuver 170
Firepower 173
Counterforce 178
Scouting 184
Antiscouting 187
C2 and C2CM 189
9 The Great Constants 192
Maneuver 192
Firepower 194
Counterforce 196
Scouting 198
C2 and C2CM 200
Summary of Tactical Trends and Constants 210
10 The Trends and Constants of Technology 214
Technological Pace and Tactical Change 214
Secret Weapons and Wartime Surprise 215
Peacetime Evolutions and Revolutions 217
On Great Transitions 220
The Story of the Wampanoag 222
Effecting a Transition 224
Summary 226
11 The Great Variables 228
Theory, Planning, and the Battles Proximity 228
Missions and Forces 230
Mission: The Link to Strategy 230
The Intensity of War 233
Missions and Strategies of Inferior Navies 237
Forces 240
The Correlation of Naval Force 241
Payoff: The Synthesis of Force Attributes 246
12 A Twenty-First-Century Revolution 248
The Influence of Information Warfare 248
Cryptography and Cyberwarfare 250
Deception and Surprise 250
Exploitation of Unmanned Vehicles and Countermeasures 253
Information Operations for Rescue Missions and Diplomacy 254
Exploitation of Computing Machines and Information Flows 254
Exploitation of Space Satellites 256
Tactical Information Warfare in Combat 257
Information Warfare in Education and Training 258
Youth and Creativity 260
13 Modern Tactics and Operations 262
Missiles and Maxims 262
A Salvo Model of Modern Missile Combat 263
Variations and Historical Numbers 269
Planning with Salvo Equations 272
Salvo Equations for Impending Battle 274
Tactical Networks 279
Massing for Defense 280
A Recapitulation 284
A Tactical Focus for the American Navy 286
Scouting and Antiscouting 287
Shooting and Counterforce 288
Command, Control, and C2 Countermeasures 289
Integrated Thinking to Arrack Effectively First 290
Littoral Campaigns: A Land-Sea-Air Interaction 291
Summary 292
14 Log Entries 294
Dropping Anchor 294
Fleet Tactics 294
The Study of Tactics 300
Fiction and Forecasts 302
15 The Battle of the Aegean 306
Setting the Scene 306
The Battle of the Aegean 306
Updating the Scenario 330
Appendix A Terminology 333
Appendix B Principles of War 337
Bibliography 343
Index 355
