Knowledge Lost: A New View of Early Modern Intellectual History
A compelling alternative account of the history of knowledge from the Renaissance to the Enlightenment

Until now the history of knowledge has largely been about formal and documented accumulation, concentrating on systems, collections, academies, and institutions. The central narrative has been one of advancement, refinement, and expansion. Martin Mulsow tells a different story. Knowledge can be lost: manuscripts are burned, oral learning dies with its bearers, new ideas are suppressed by censors. Knowledge Lost is a history of efforts, from the Renaissance to the Enlightenment, to counter such loss. It describes how critics of ruling political and religious regimes developed tactics to preserve their views; how they buried their ideas in footnotes and allusions; how they circulated their tracts and treatises in handwritten copies; and how they commissioned younger scholars to spread their writings after death.

Filled with exciting stories, Knowledge Lost follows the trail of precarious knowledge through a series of richly detailed episodes. It deals not with the major themes of metaphysics and epistemology, but rather with interpretations of the Bible, Orientalism, and such marginal zones as magic. And it focuses not on the usual major thinkers, but rather on forgotten or half-forgotten members of the “knowledge underclass,” such as Pietro della Vecchia, a libertine painter and intellectual; Charles-César Baudelot, an antiquarian and numismatist; and Johann Christoph Wolf, a pastor, Hebrew scholar, and witness to the persecution of heretics.

Offering a fascinating new approach to the intellectual history of early modern Europe, Knowledge Lost is also an ambitious attempt to rethink the very concept of knowledge.

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Knowledge Lost: A New View of Early Modern Intellectual History
A compelling alternative account of the history of knowledge from the Renaissance to the Enlightenment

Until now the history of knowledge has largely been about formal and documented accumulation, concentrating on systems, collections, academies, and institutions. The central narrative has been one of advancement, refinement, and expansion. Martin Mulsow tells a different story. Knowledge can be lost: manuscripts are burned, oral learning dies with its bearers, new ideas are suppressed by censors. Knowledge Lost is a history of efforts, from the Renaissance to the Enlightenment, to counter such loss. It describes how critics of ruling political and religious regimes developed tactics to preserve their views; how they buried their ideas in footnotes and allusions; how they circulated their tracts and treatises in handwritten copies; and how they commissioned younger scholars to spread their writings after death.

Filled with exciting stories, Knowledge Lost follows the trail of precarious knowledge through a series of richly detailed episodes. It deals not with the major themes of metaphysics and epistemology, but rather with interpretations of the Bible, Orientalism, and such marginal zones as magic. And it focuses not on the usual major thinkers, but rather on forgotten or half-forgotten members of the “knowledge underclass,” such as Pietro della Vecchia, a libertine painter and intellectual; Charles-César Baudelot, an antiquarian and numismatist; and Johann Christoph Wolf, a pastor, Hebrew scholar, and witness to the persecution of heretics.

Offering a fascinating new approach to the intellectual history of early modern Europe, Knowledge Lost is also an ambitious attempt to rethink the very concept of knowledge.

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Knowledge Lost: A New View of Early Modern Intellectual History

Knowledge Lost: A New View of Early Modern Intellectual History

Knowledge Lost: A New View of Early Modern Intellectual History

Knowledge Lost: A New View of Early Modern Intellectual History

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Overview

A compelling alternative account of the history of knowledge from the Renaissance to the Enlightenment

Until now the history of knowledge has largely been about formal and documented accumulation, concentrating on systems, collections, academies, and institutions. The central narrative has been one of advancement, refinement, and expansion. Martin Mulsow tells a different story. Knowledge can be lost: manuscripts are burned, oral learning dies with its bearers, new ideas are suppressed by censors. Knowledge Lost is a history of efforts, from the Renaissance to the Enlightenment, to counter such loss. It describes how critics of ruling political and religious regimes developed tactics to preserve their views; how they buried their ideas in footnotes and allusions; how they circulated their tracts and treatises in handwritten copies; and how they commissioned younger scholars to spread their writings after death.

Filled with exciting stories, Knowledge Lost follows the trail of precarious knowledge through a series of richly detailed episodes. It deals not with the major themes of metaphysics and epistemology, but rather with interpretations of the Bible, Orientalism, and such marginal zones as magic. And it focuses not on the usual major thinkers, but rather on forgotten or half-forgotten members of the “knowledge underclass,” such as Pietro della Vecchia, a libertine painter and intellectual; Charles-César Baudelot, an antiquarian and numismatist; and Johann Christoph Wolf, a pastor, Hebrew scholar, and witness to the persecution of heretics.

Offering a fascinating new approach to the intellectual history of early modern Europe, Knowledge Lost is also an ambitious attempt to rethink the very concept of knowledge.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780691244112
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Publication date: 08/19/2025
Pages: 456
Product dimensions: 6.12(w) x 9.25(h) x (d)

About the Author

Martin Mulsow is professor of intellectual history at the University of Erfurt, where he directs the Gotha Research Center for Early Modern Studies. He is the author of Enlightenment Underground: Radical Germany, 1680–1720 and Accidental Radicals: The Hidden Origins of the German Enlightenment.

Table of Contents

List of Illustrations ix

Preface xiii

Introduction: Precarious Knowledge, Dangerous Transfers, and the Materiality of Knowing 1

Part I Tactics of the Intellectual Precariat 25

Section I The Radical Persona 27

1 The Clandestine Precariat 31

2 The Libertine's Two Bodies 46

3 Portrait of the Freethinker as a Young Man 69

4 The Art of Deflation, or: How to Save an Atheist 101

5 A Library of Burned Books 139

Section II Trust, Mistrust, COurage: Epistemic Perceptions, Virtues, and Gestures 167

6 Threatened Knowledge: Prolegomena to a Cultural History of Truth 171

7 Harpocratism: Gestures of Retreat 200

8 Dare to Know: Epistemic Virtue in Historical Perspective 224

Part II Fragility and Engagement in the Knowledge Bourgeoisie 237

Section III Problematic Transfers 239

9 A Table in One's Hand: Historical Iconography 243

10 Family Secrets: Precarious Transfers within Intimate Circles 281

11 The Lost Package: The Role of Communications in the History of Philosophy in Germany 295

Section IV Communities of Fascination and the Information History of Scholarly Knowledge 325

12 Protection of Knowledge and Knowledge of Protection: Defensive Magic, Antiquarianism, and Magical Objects 331

13 Mobility and Surveillance: The Information History of Numismatics and Journeys to the East under Louis XIV 355

14 Microscripts of the Orient: Navigating Scholarly Knowledge from Notebooks to Books 381

Concluding Word 417

Index 423

What People are Saying About This

From the Publisher

Knowledge Lost is an extraordinary book that brings to light a rich, fascinating, and largely unfamiliar world and offers scholars a new and fertile model for the study of intellectual history. Martin Mulsow works with equal precision and deftness at every level of scholarship, from the microscopic analysis of images and documents to the tracing of early modern postal networks. Several of the chapters have the fascination of detective stories, and the book as a whole is a thrilling read, eloquent and vivid.”—Anthony Grafton, Princeton University

“An extraordinary journey, led by Martin Mulsow’s unfailing erudition and imagination, into the continent of early modern fragile, hidden, forbidden knowledge.”—Carlo Ginzburg, Scuola Normale Superiore Pisa

“Mulsow’s pioneering history of ideas presents a riveting account of thought rooted in affects, cultural practices, and strategies. It redefines the preoccupations of early modern thinkers through a richly researched and thoroughly original engagement with precarious types of knowledge-making. Mulsow brilliantly maps out a new cultural history of intellectual thought with bravura and nuance in equal measure.”—Ulinka Rublack, University of Cambridge

“Martin Mulsow’s history of unorthodox scholars is itself an unorthodox intellectual history of early modern Germany. It is also a major contribution to the growing field of the history of knowledge.”—Peter Burke, University of Cambridge

“This is a book of exceptional importance and one of the most fascinating accounts of the early Enlightenment in recent decades.”—Jonathan Israel, Institute of Advanced Study, Princeton

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