Kosher: Private Regulation in the Age of Industrial Food
Generating over $12 billion in annual sales, kosher food is big business. It is also an unheralded story of successful private-sector regulation in an era of growing public concern over the government’s ability to ensure food safety. Kosher uncovers how independent certification agencies rescued American kosher supervision from fraud and corruption and turned it into a model of nongovernmental administration.

Currently, a network of over three hundred private certifiers ensures the kosher status of food for over twelve million Americans, of whom only eight percent are religious Jews. But the system was not always so reliable. At the turn of the twentieth century, kosher meat production in the United States was notorious for scandals involving price-fixing, racketeering, and even murder. Reform finally came with the rise of independent kosher certification agencies which established uniform industry standards, rigorous professional training, and institutional checks and balances to prevent mistakes and misconduct.

In overcoming many of the problems of insufficient resources and weak enforcement that hamper the government, private kosher certification holds important lessons for improving food regulation, Timothy Lytton argues. He views the popularity of kosher food as a response to a more general cultural anxiety about industrialization of the food supply. Like organic and locavore enthusiasts, a growing number of consumers see in rabbinic supervision a way to personalize today’s vastly complex, globalized system of food production.

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Kosher: Private Regulation in the Age of Industrial Food
Generating over $12 billion in annual sales, kosher food is big business. It is also an unheralded story of successful private-sector regulation in an era of growing public concern over the government’s ability to ensure food safety. Kosher uncovers how independent certification agencies rescued American kosher supervision from fraud and corruption and turned it into a model of nongovernmental administration.

Currently, a network of over three hundred private certifiers ensures the kosher status of food for over twelve million Americans, of whom only eight percent are religious Jews. But the system was not always so reliable. At the turn of the twentieth century, kosher meat production in the United States was notorious for scandals involving price-fixing, racketeering, and even murder. Reform finally came with the rise of independent kosher certification agencies which established uniform industry standards, rigorous professional training, and institutional checks and balances to prevent mistakes and misconduct.

In overcoming many of the problems of insufficient resources and weak enforcement that hamper the government, private kosher certification holds important lessons for improving food regulation, Timothy Lytton argues. He views the popularity of kosher food as a response to a more general cultural anxiety about industrialization of the food supply. Like organic and locavore enthusiasts, a growing number of consumers see in rabbinic supervision a way to personalize today’s vastly complex, globalized system of food production.

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Kosher: Private Regulation in the Age of Industrial Food

Kosher: Private Regulation in the Age of Industrial Food

by Timothy D. Lytton
Kosher: Private Regulation in the Age of Industrial Food

Kosher: Private Regulation in the Age of Industrial Food

by Timothy D. Lytton

Hardcover

$53.00 
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Overview

Generating over $12 billion in annual sales, kosher food is big business. It is also an unheralded story of successful private-sector regulation in an era of growing public concern over the government’s ability to ensure food safety. Kosher uncovers how independent certification agencies rescued American kosher supervision from fraud and corruption and turned it into a model of nongovernmental administration.

Currently, a network of over three hundred private certifiers ensures the kosher status of food for over twelve million Americans, of whom only eight percent are religious Jews. But the system was not always so reliable. At the turn of the twentieth century, kosher meat production in the United States was notorious for scandals involving price-fixing, racketeering, and even murder. Reform finally came with the rise of independent kosher certification agencies which established uniform industry standards, rigorous professional training, and institutional checks and balances to prevent mistakes and misconduct.

In overcoming many of the problems of insufficient resources and weak enforcement that hamper the government, private kosher certification holds important lessons for improving food regulation, Timothy Lytton argues. He views the popularity of kosher food as a response to a more general cultural anxiety about industrialization of the food supply. Like organic and locavore enthusiasts, a growing number of consumers see in rabbinic supervision a way to personalize today’s vastly complex, globalized system of food production.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780674072930
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Publication date: 04/01/2013
Pages: 240
Product dimensions: 6.20(w) x 9.30(h) x 1.20(d)

About the Author

Timothy D. Lytton is Distinguished University Professor and Professor of Law at Georgia State University College of Law.

Table of Contents

Introduction: Why Kosher Food Certification Is Worthy of Attention 1

1 Rivalry and Racketeering: The Failures of Kosher Meat Supervision, 1850-1940 9

2 From Canned Soup to Packaged Nuts: The Rise of Industrial Kashrus 35

3 Sour Grapes and Self-Regulation: Creating an American Standard of Kashrus 70

4 Taking Stock: The Effectiveness and Integrity of the American Industrial Kashrus System 104

Conclusion: Industrial Kashrus as a Model of Private Third-Party Certification 129

Appendix A Controversy over OU Dominance of Kosher Meat Certification 155

Appendix B An Overview of Antitrust Concerns 161

Appendix C The Iowa Slaughterhouse Scandal and the Movement for Ethical Kashrus 164

Appendix D Self-Reported Data from Big Five Kosher Certification Agencies 166

Appendix E Supermarket Survey Data 168

Glossary of Terms and Names 171

List of Acronyms 174

Notes 175

Acknowledgments 221

Index 225

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