Table of Contents
Foreword Dore Ashton 7
Introduction 8
Chapter 1 New York Contemporary Native Art Movement: Definitions and Themes 12
The Place
The Themes: Diversity and Context
The Artists
The Institutions
The History
Chapter 2 Interpretation of Native Art in Abstract Expressionist New York 19
Postcolonial Transformations
An Ethos of Cultural Primitivism
New York Artistic Movements: 1930s-1980s
Selected Mentors John Sloan Arthur Wesley Dow Max Weber John D. Graham Hans Hofmann
Indian Space Painters
The Surrealists, The Navajos, and Jackson Pollock Gottlieb, Rothko, and Newman
Other Notable Abstract Expressionists Louise Nevelson Theodoras Stamos
Native Influences Beyond Abstract Expressionism
Critical Misunderstanding
Case Study: MoMA and Native Art
Restoring Native Artists to Mid-Century Art
Chapter 3 Foundations of the Movement: Native Visual Artists and Artist-Curators Native Artists of Abstract Expressionist New York George Morrison Bonita Wa Wa Calachaw Nuñez Robert Rauschenberg Leon Polk Smith
Remembering Leon Polk Smith: Interview with Dore Ashton
Founding Native Artist-Curator Lloyd R. Oxendine
AMERINDA Roundtable: The Beginnings of the Movement
Founding Native Artist-Curator G. Peter Jemison
Founding Native Artist-Curator Jaune Quick-to-See Smith
Amerinda Roundtable: Jaune as Artist and Curator
Amerinda Roundtable: Community and Support in the 1970s
Amerinda Roundtable: Internal Challenges to Community Building
Chapter 4 The AICH and Intergenerational Community Building 94
1969: The American Indian Community House (AICH)
1978-1985 G. Peter Jemison
1985-1993 Lloyd R. Oxendine
1993-1999 Joanna Osburn-Bigfeather
2000-2005 Kathleen Ash-Milby
2005-2007 Sarah Sense
Chapter 5 New York Contemporary Native Art Movement: Native Visual Artists Aesthetic Sovereignty 126
Amerinda Roundtable: Critical Recognition
Amerinda Roundtable: Identifying as a Native Artist Visual Artists Biographies Nadema Agard Neal Ambrose-Smith Mercedes Yazzie Romero Bell Vernon B. Bigman Pena Bonita Lorenzo Clayton Dennis Redmoon Darkeem Jimmie Durham Yatika Starr Fields Jeffrey Gibson William J. Grant Will Guy Henson Hock-e-eye-vi Edgar Heap of Birds Maria Hupfield Brad Kahlhamer Athena LaTocha George Longfish Jason Lujan Oren Lyons David Bunn Martine Jason Martinez Mario Martinez Richard Mayhew Ina McNeil Alan Michelson Alec Montroy Jude Morris Jolene Rickard Diane Shenandoah Melissa Staiger Hulleah Tsinhnahjinnie Anthony Two Moans Kay WalkingStick Marie Watt Emmi Whitehorse Alfred Young Man
Chapter 6 New York Contemporary Native Art Movement: Native Performing Artists, Writers, and Filmmakers 172
Mutual Inspiration: Native Visual and Performance Art
Hanay Geiogamah and the Native American Theatre Ensemble
Muriel Miguel and the Spiderwoman Theater
Diane Fraher and AMERINDA
Performing Artists, Writers, and Filmmakers Biographies M. Cochise Anderson Irene Bedard Clifford Bernie Nicholson Billey Murielle Borst-Tarrant Diane Burns Marta Carlson Dylan Carusona Chuka Lakoli Native Theatre Ensemble Elvira Colorado Hortencia Colorado Coatlicue Theatre Donna Couteau Joe Cross Leaf Arrow Storyteller Theater Hugh Danforth Diane Decorah Ty Defoe Steve Elm Chris Eyre Tyree Giroux Brett Hecksher Gordon Ison Dawn Jamieson Arthur Smith Junaluska Jane Lind Tim Long Marjorie Martinez Lisa Mayo Nancy McDoniel Gloria Miguel Louis Mofsie Russell Moore Roland Mousaa Mary Kathryn Nagle Molly Dellis Nelson Lucy Nicolar-Poolaw Linda Noel Laura Ortman Eric Oxendine Tanis Parenteau Jim Pepper George Quincy Vickie Ramirez Randy Red Road Elisabeth Theobald Richards Marie Antoinette Rogers Elizabeth Rolston Yvonne Russo Roberra Rust Madeline Sayet John Scott-Richardson Joanne Shenandoah Leah Shenandoah Andrea Lee Smith Danielle Soames Chaske Spencer Jack Soto Lillian St. Cyr Maria Tallchief Mary Frances Thompson Rino Thunder, the Thunderbird Sisters Rosebud Yellow Robe William S. Yellow Robe Jr.
Conclusion 228
Appendices 230
A Early Movement Archival Material
B Summary of Native American Art Movements
C Native Arts Chronology
D Brief History of Postwar Urban Indian Resettlement in New York
Acknowledgements 244
Endnotes 246
Frequently Used Acronyms and Abbreviations 253
Additional References for Further Study 253
Index 254
About the Authors, Contributors, and Interviewees 258
