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9781402076817
Optimization Methods for a Stakeholder Society: A Revolution in Economic Thinking by Multi-objective Optimization / Edition 1 available in Hardcover
Optimization Methods for a Stakeholder Society: A Revolution in Economic Thinking by Multi-objective Optimization / Edition 1
by W.K. Brauers
W.K. Brauers
- ISBN-10:
- 1402076819
- ISBN-13:
- 9781402076817
- Pub. Date:
- 11/30/2003
- Publisher:
- Springer US
- ISBN-10:
- 1402076819
- ISBN-13:
- 9781402076817
- Pub. Date:
- 11/30/2003
- Publisher:
- Springer US
Optimization Methods for a Stakeholder Society: A Revolution in Economic Thinking by Multi-objective Optimization / Edition 1
by W.K. Brauers
W.K. Brauers
Hardcover
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Overview
For both public and private managers, the book Optimization Methods for a Stakeholder Society is today's key to answer the problem of a sustainable development world. This world has to take into account the meaning of all stakeholders involved and has to reconcile a number of objectives, such as economic growth, employment and preservation of the ecosystem. Traditional methods, such as cost-benefit, are outmoded as they translate all these objectives into monetary costs, a materialistic approach. On the contrary, objectives have rather to stick to their own units, eventually indicators.
Product Details
ISBN-13: | 9781402076817 |
---|---|
Publisher: | Springer US |
Publication date: | 11/30/2003 |
Series: | Nonconvex Optimization and Its Applications , #73 |
Edition description: | 2004 |
Pages: | 342 |
Product dimensions: | 6.10(w) x 9.25(h) x 0.03(d) |
Table of Contents
Introduction | 1 | |
Which economics | 1 | |
The aim of this work | 2 | |
Notes introduction | 5 | |
Part 1 | The Link with More Traditional Economics | |
Chapter 1 | New economics against the history of economic thought | 9 |
1.1 | Classical economists about objectives | 9 |
1.2 | General economic interdependence | 9 |
1.3 | The partial approach | 10 |
1.4 | The rise of mathematics in economics | 12 |
Notes chapter 1 | 14 | |
Chapter 2 | Success and shortcomings of econometric models | 17 |
2.1 | Significance of econometric models | 17 |
2.2 | Definition of I/O and its relation to the Walrasian system | 20 |
2.3 | SAM and General Equilibrium Models | 21 |
2.4 | The stability of the technical coefficients and the inverse matrix | 22 |
2.5 | Structural changes and Input-Output | 24 |
2.6 | Benchmarking and Input-Output | 26 |
2.7 | Multiple objectives and multiple units in input-output analysis | 26 |
2.8 | Conclusions about traditional model building for application | 28 |
Notes chapter 2 | 30 | |
Part 2 | The Advent of New Economics | |
Chapter 1 | Creative and prospective thinking | 37 |
1.1 | Some preliminary definitions | 37 |
1.2 | Open discussion methods | 38 |
1.3 | Nominal methods | 39 |
1.4 | Nominal Group Technique | 44 |
1.5 | The Cross-Impact Technique | 47 |
Annex 1 | A nominal group technique on the economic situation of the developing countries over the period 1987-1996 | 49 |
Annex 2 | Application for the economic situation of Lithuania over the period (2002-2011) | 53 |
Annex 3 | Nominal Group Technique on the business outlook of the facilities sector of Lithuania over the period (2003-2012) | 55 |
Notes chapter 1 | 61 | |
Chapter 2 | Simulation and Sensitivity Analysis | 65 |
2.1 | Categories of Simulation | 65 |
2.2 | Parametric Analogs | 68 |
2.3 | Sensitivity Analysis | 69 |
Notes chapter 2 | 70 | |
Chapter 3 | Scenario Writing | 71 |
3.1 | Origin and classification | 71 |
3.2 | How to write Scenarios? | 71 |
3.3 | Some weak points of Scenario Writing | 73 |
Annex 1 | Economic policy in Tanzania with different input-output scenarios as a basis | 75 |
Annex 2 | Scenarios for Lithuania 2002 - 2011 | 77 |
Annex 3 | Scenarios for the future of the facilities sector of Lithuania 2003 - 2012 | 81 |
Notes chapter 3 | 83 | |
Part 3 | New Economics for a Stakeholder Society | |
Chapter 1 | Introduction to multiple objective utility theory | 87 |
1.1 | Why from old to new economics? | 87 |
1.2 | Value or utility? The risk problem | 89 |
1.3 | Multiple Objective Utility Theory inside the theory of the statistical universe | 91 |
1.4 | Measurement of attributes by indicators | 93 |
1.5 | Measurement of quality | 97 |
1.6 | Hierarchy of objectives. What does hierarchy mean? | 99 |
1.7 | A hierarchy of objectives for the Democratic Republic of Congo | 100 |
1.8 | Conflict resolution | 105 |
1.9 | Instruments for a new economic policy | 105 |
Notes chapter 1 | 107 | |
Chapter 2 | Some traditional methods to approach the problem of multiple objectives | 111 |
2.1 | Cost-Benefit Analysis and Decision Tree Analysis | 111 |
2.2 | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis and Fractional Programming | 112 |
2.3 | The Scorecard Method | 113 |
2.4 | The weighting concept | 114 |
2.5 | The approach based on a series of binary comparisons | 118 |
Notes chapter 2 | 123 | |
Chapter 3 | Multifarious comparisons for objectives and attributes | 125 |
3.1 | The approach of a complete a priori priority between the multifariously compared objectives | 125 |
3.2 | The filtering stage | 128 |
3.3 | The possibility of a dominance stage | 129 |
3.4 | Dominance and the law of decreasing marginal utility | 131 |
Notes chapter 3 | 137 | |
Chapter 4 | The indifference method | 139 |
4.1 | The filtering stage of the indifference method | 139 |
4.2 | The indifference stage of the indifference method | 139 |
Annex 1 | Case study: the indifference method for arms procurement | 143 |
Notes chapter 4 | 145 | |
Chapter 5 | How to optimize in a stakeholder society? | 147 |
Part 4 | Reference Point Theory a Method to Compare Until Now Incomparable Alternatives | |
Chapter 1 | Reference point theory as a solution for multiobjective utility | 151 |
1.1 | The ranking stage for the until now incomparable | 151 |
1.2 | Generalization for the until now incomparable alternatives | 152 |
1.3 | Indifference curve analysis and reference point theory | 153 |
1.4 | Consideration of the Maximal Criterion Reference Point | 157 |
1.5 | The Utopian Criterion Vector and the Aspiration Criterion Vector | 158 |
1.6 | The normalization of attributes in reference point theory | 158 |
1.7 | How to measure the distance between the discrete points of the alternatives and the reference point? | 159 |
1.8 | The problem of an efficient point that is not proper efficient and the reference point theory | 161 |
1.9 | Is there a the danger of a reverse order? | 162 |
1.10 | Alternatives generated during the process: the continuous case | 163 |
1.11 | Conclusions | 164 |
1.12 | Case study: how to choose a wife? | 165 |
Notes chapter 1 | 169 | |
Chapter 2 | Project planning, analysis and evaluation | 171 |
2.1 | An example of project planning | 171 |
2.2 | The objectives for project planning | 172 |
2.3 | The selection of the project | 172 |
2.4 | Different competing projects | 175 |
2.5 | Multiple objectives in industrial management | 178 |
2.6 | Project evaluation | 183 |
Notes chapter 2 | 187 | |
Chapter 3 | Reference point theory in seaport planning | 189 |
3.1 | Comparison of effectiveness of different concepts of seaports in an analytical and prospective way, including new developments | 189 |
3.2 | The filtering stage in seaport planning | 190 |
3.3 | The ranking stage in seaport planning | 194 |
3.4 | Appraisal of projects for the installation of a container terminal in a seaport of a developing country | 196 |
Notes chapter 3 | 204 | |
Chapter 4 | Privatization and reference point theory | 205 |
4.1 | The problem | 205 |
4.2 | The filtering stage in the case of privatization | 206 |
4.3 | An indifference stage in privatization | 206 |
4.4 | Simulation exercise for privatization in Ukraine | 207 |
4.5 | Some practical consequences of application of reference point theory for privatization | 211 |
Notes chapter 4 | 213 | |
Chapter 5 | Marketing with multiple objectives for consumer goods with applications for a department store | 215 |
5.1 | Objectives for a department store | 215 |
5.2 | Filtering and normalization in the case of a department store | 215 |
5.3 | The application of the reference point theory with maximal criterion values for a department store | 219 |
5.4 | A chance for an in-between alternative | 220 |
5.5 | Conclusions about reference point theory in connection with the expansion of a department store | 222 |
Notes chapter 5 | 223 | |
Part 5 | A Multiplicative Form for Multiobjective Optimization | |
Chapter 1 | The multiplicative representation of multiobjective optimization | 227 |
1.1 | Forms of the utility function | 227 |
1.2 | Bilinear and multilinear forms | 228 |
1.3 | The full-multiplicative form | 229 |
1.4 | What about the unit of utility u[subscript j]? | 231 |
1.5 | An illustrative application | 232 |
1.6 | Is normalization still necessary? | 233 |
1.7 | Objectives moving in a different direction | 236 |
1.8 | An illustrative example with objectives moving in a different direction | 237 |
1.9 | Multiplicative form on the basis of geometric means | 238 |
1.10 | The danger of a reverse order in the multiplicative form | 238 |
1.11 | Attributes of objectives raised to powers | 239 |
1.12 | Some restrictions of the multiplicative representation | 243 |
Notes chapter 1 | 244 | |
Chapter 2 | The multiplicative representation in scenarios for an optimal economic policy in Belgium | 247 |
2.1 | Political and economic structure of Belgium | 247 |
2.2 | Eleven scenarios for an optimal economic growth in Belgium | 248 |
2.3 | The ranking after the application of the multiplicative representation | 250 |
2.4 | Is it possible to stress the importance of some objectives? | 253 |
2.5 | Relevance of attributes raised to powers for an optimal Belgian economic policy | 254 |
2.6 | Conclusions | 258 |
Notes chapter 2 | 259 | |
Chapter 3 | An application for arms procurement | 261 |
3.1 | The application of the full-multiplicative form | 261 |
3.2 | Does there exist a danger for a reverse order? | 263 |
3.3 | Conclusions concerning the choice of a fighter plane in Belgium | 265 |
Notes chapter 3 | 266 | |
Chapter 4 | Multiplicative representation and project planning for a developing country | 267 |
4.1 | A national investment board in a developing country | 267 |
4.2 | The filtering stage in project planning for a developing country | 269 |
4.3 | Indifference or ranking in project planning for a developing country | 270 |
Notes chapter 4 | 279 | |
Chapter 5 | An optimal input-output structure for a developing country such as Tanzania | 281 |
5.1 | Some characteristics of input- output in developing countries | 281 |
5.2 | Economic policy with several input-output scenarios as a basis in a developing country | 282 |
5.3 | Linkages between the scenarios and the economic policy of Tanzania | 285 |
5.4 | Conclusions | 287 |
Notes chapter 5 | 289 | |
Part 6 | Ratio Analysis a Separate Method for Multiple Objectives Optimization? | |
Chapter 1 | Mechanical methods and multiobjective optimization | 293 |
1.1 | Ratio analysis a new approach? | 293 |
1.2 | The choice between different ratio systems | 293 |
1.3 | Ratio analysis applied for multiobjective optimization | 295 |
Notes chapter 1 | 296 | |
Chapter 2 | Ratio analysis for a department store | 297 |
2.1 | One of the alternatives is taken as a reference | 297 |
2.2 | The Van Delft and Nijkamp method of maximum value | 298 |
2.3 | The Van Delft and Nijkamp method of square roots | 298 |
2.4 | The Voogd ratios | 299 |
Annex 1 | Some methods of ratio analysis applied for a department store | 301 |
Annex 2 | The Voogd ratios and the Van Delft and Nijkamp method of square roots applied for a department store | 307 |
Chapter 3 | Ratio analysis for arms procurement | 311 |
3.1 | The choice of fighter planes | 311 |
3.2 | Ratios analysis as applied for arms procurement | 313 |
3.3 | Conclusions on arms procurement | 316 |
Chapter 4 | Ratio analysis and project planning for a developing country | 317 |
4.1 | The policy of a national investment board in a developing country | 317 |
4.2 | The indifference or the ranking stage with ratio analysis for a developing country | 318 |
Chapter 5 | Conclusions on ratio systems | 323 |
5.1 | Choice of ratios | 323 |
5.2 | Significance of the ratio system | 324 |
5.3 | The ratio system as a new method for multiobjective optimization | 324 |
Notes chapter 5 | 328 | |
Chapter 6 | General conclusions of the book | 329 |
Index | 337 |
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