Philosophy for the 21st Century: A Comprehensive Reader / Edition 1

by Steven M. Cahn

Overview

Philosophy for the 21st Century, an introductory anthology, is an extraordinarily comprehensive collection of historical and contemporary readings. It covers all major fields, including not only metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, and philosophy of religion, but also philosophy of science, philosophy of mind, philosophy of language, political philosophy, and philosophy of art. This volume is unique in drawing on the judgments of a new generation of scholars, each of whom has chosen the articles and provided the introduction for one section of the book. These associate editors—Delia Graff, Robin Jeshion, L. A. Paul, Jesse J. Prinz, Stuart Rachels, Gabriela Sakamoto, David Sosa, and Cynthia A. Stark—are at the forefront of 21st-century philosophy. Their selections include the work of such leading contemporary thinkers as Nancy Cartwright, Saul A. Kripke, David Lewis, Thomas Nagel, Robert Nozick, Derek Parfit, and Sydney Shoemaker, along with classic works from 2500 years of philosophy. The book has been structured to maximize continuity, and an introductory essay by Simon Blackburn explains the tools of symbolic logic. This groundbreaking volume sets a new standard for introducing students to the importance and fascination of philosophical inquiry.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780195147926
Publisher:	Oxford University Press
Publication date:	11/21/2002
Edition description:	New Edition
Pages:	864
Product dimensions:	7.42(w) x 9.16(h) x 1.26(d)

About the Author

City University of New York Graduate Center

Table of Contents

PrefaceAbout the EditorsINTRODUCTIONWhat Is Philosophy?, Simon BlackburnThe Elements of Logic, Simon Blackburn1. PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGIONIntroduction, Steven M. CahnEuthyphro, PlatoThe Ontological Argument, Saint AnselmIn Behalf of the Fool, GauniloCritique of the Ontological Argument, Immanuel KantIs Existence a Predicate?, G. E. MooreWhy the Ontological Argument Fails, William L. RoweFive Ways to Prove the Existence of God, Saint Thomas AquinasThe Cosmological Argument, Michael MartinDialogues Concerning Natural Religion, David HumeWhy God Allows Evil, Richard SwinburneThe Moriarty Hypothesis, Steven M. CahnThe Will to Believe, William JamesWilliam James and the Will to Believe, Michael MartinThe Hiddenness of God, Robert McKim2. EPISTEMOLOGYIntroduction, David SosaMeditations on First Philosophy, René DescartesAn Essay Concerning Human Understanding, John LockeThree Dialogues Between Hylas and Philonous, George BerkeleyProof of an External World, G. E. MooreOn Certainty, Ludwig WittgensteinThe Problem of the Criterion, Roderick M. ChisholmIs Justified True Belief Knowledge?, Edmund GettierDiscrimination and Perceptual Knowledge, Alvin I. GoldmanKnowledge and Scepticism, Robert NozickThe Raft and the Pyramid: Coherence Versus Foundations in the Theory of Knowledge, Ernest SosaElusive Knowledge, David LewisEpistemology Naturalized, W. V. O. QuineWhat Is "Naturalized Epistemology"?, Jaegwon Kim3. PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCEIntroduction, L. A. PaulAn Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, David HumeThe Traditional Problem of Induction, Brian SkyrmsThe Inference to the Best Explanation, Gilbert HarmanThe Experimental Method, Rudolf CarnapAspects of Scientific Explanation, Carl G. HempelThe Truth Doesn't Explain Much, Nancy CartwrightThe New Riddle of Induction, Nelson GoodmanThe Structure of Scientific Revolutions, Thomas S. KuhnRealism and the Theory-Dependence of Experimental Design, Richard N. Boyd4. METAPHYSICSIntroduction, Delia GraffOn the Relations of Universals and Particulars, Bertrand RussellProperties, D. M. ArmstrongThe Doctrine of Arbitrary Undetached Parts, Peter van InwagenMany, but Almost One, David LewisOf Identity and Diversity, John LockePersonal Identity and Memory, Sydney ShoemakerPersonal Identity, Derek ParfitOf Motion, AristotleAchilles and the Tortoise, Max BlackOf the Idea of Necessary Connection, David HumeCausation, David LewisThe Sea-Battle Tomorrow, AristotleThe Problem of Future Contingencies, Richard TaylorFreedom and Necessity, A. J. AyerHuman Freedom and the Self, Roderick M. ChisholmAlternative Possibilities and Moral Responsibility, Harry G. FrankfurtThe Incompatibility of Free Will and Determinism, Peter van Inwagen5. PHILOSOPHY OF MINDIntroduction, Jesse J. PrinzMeditations on First Philosophy, René DescartesThe Causes of Behavior, B. F. SkinnerSensations and Brain Processes, J. J. C. SmartThe Mind-Body Problem, Jerry A. FodorComputing Machinery and Intelligence, Alan TuringCan Computers Think?, John SearleThe "Causal Power"of Machines, Zenon PylyshynFunctionalism, Qualia, and the Inverted Spectrum, Terrance HorganEpiphenomenal Qualia, Frank JacksonJackson's Knowledge Argument, Paul M. ChurchlandConsciousness Explained, Daniel C. Dennett6. PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGEIntroduction, Robin JeshionOn Sense and Meaning, Gottlob FregeOn Denoting, Bertrand RussellNaming and Necessity, Saul A. KripkeThoughts, Gottlob FregeThe Problem of the Essential Indexical, John PerryPerformative Utterances, J. L. AustinLogic and Conversation, Paul Grice7. ETHICSIntroduction, Stuart RachelsThe Subjectivity of Values, J. L. MackieA Critique of Mackie, Ronald DworkinA Proof of the Objectivity of Morals, Renford BambroughUtilitarianism, John Stuart MillThe Experience Machine, Robert NozickFundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of Morals, Immanuel KantA Simplified Account of Kant's Ethics, Onora O'NeillThe Right and the Good, W. D. RossThe Challenge of Cultural Relativism, James RachelsEgoism and Moral Scepticism, James RachelsNicomachean Ethics, AristotleAfter Virtue, Alasdair MacIntyreLiving Ethically, Peter SingerThe Conscience of Huckleberry Finn, Jonathan BennettMoral Luck, Thomas NagelThe Punishment That Leaves Something to Chance, David LewisRich and Poor, Peter SingerEquality, Entitlements, and the Distribution of Income, John ArthurKantian Deliberations on Famine Problems, Onora O'NeillWhy We Have No Obligations to Animals, Immanuel KantConstraints and Animals, Robert NozickThe Moral Argument for Vegetarianism, James RachelsDo Animals Have Rights?, Tibor R. Machan8. POLITICAL PHILOSOPHYIntroduction, Cynthia A. StarkLeviathan, Thomas HobbesSecond Treatise of Government, John LockeA Theory of Justice, John RawlsAnarchy, State, and Utopia, Robert NozickIllusions About Private Property and Freedom, G. A. CohenThe Procedural Republic and the Unencumbered Self, Michael SandelMarkets in Women's Sexual Labor, Debra Satz9. PHILOSOPHY OF ARTIntroduction, Gabriela SakamotoThe Role of Theory in Aesthetics, Morris WeitzDefining Art, George DickieThe End of Art, Arthur C. DantoGlaring Omissions in Traditional Theories of Art, Peg Zeglin BrandOf the Standard of Taste, David HumeCritique of Judgment, Immanuel KantCategories of Art, Kendall L. WaltonThe Very Idea of Art, Ted Cohen