Politics and Government in Byzantium: The Rise and Fall of the Bureaucrats
The eleventh century marked a turning point in the history of the Byzantine Empire. At its start Byzantium was the paramount power in the Mediterranean world, by turns feared, respected and admired. By the century's close the empire had lost half of its territory and had managed only a partial recovery under the leadership of the Komnenos family. How did a powerful and famously wealthy empire collapse so quickly?

The contemporary accounts of this turbulent 'long' century (taken here as c. 950–1100) attribute the empire's decline to the emperors' reckless and self-serving favouring of civilian bureaucrats and, while these sources are today widely acknowledged as biased and unreliable, modern assessments of the century have hitherto failed to suggest any tangible alternatives. To circumvent this dearth of archival material, Jonathan Shea has meticulously analysed 2,200 unpublished seals from the period (more than a third of the known total extant today) to uncover exactly whom the emperors were favouring and promoting, as well as developing a nuanced and revealing picture of the makeup of the much-chastised civilian bureaucracy. The sigillographic evidence is throughout measured against the written material to give a fresh account of this key transitional century and a rare insight into Byzantine politics.

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Politics and Government in Byzantium: The Rise and Fall of the Bureaucrats
The eleventh century marked a turning point in the history of the Byzantine Empire. At its start Byzantium was the paramount power in the Mediterranean world, by turns feared, respected and admired. By the century's close the empire had lost half of its territory and had managed only a partial recovery under the leadership of the Komnenos family. How did a powerful and famously wealthy empire collapse so quickly?

The contemporary accounts of this turbulent 'long' century (taken here as c. 950–1100) attribute the empire's decline to the emperors' reckless and self-serving favouring of civilian bureaucrats and, while these sources are today widely acknowledged as biased and unreliable, modern assessments of the century have hitherto failed to suggest any tangible alternatives. To circumvent this dearth of archival material, Jonathan Shea has meticulously analysed 2,200 unpublished seals from the period (more than a third of the known total extant today) to uncover exactly whom the emperors were favouring and promoting, as well as developing a nuanced and revealing picture of the makeup of the much-chastised civilian bureaucracy. The sigillographic evidence is throughout measured against the written material to give a fresh account of this key transitional century and a rare insight into Byzantine politics.

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Politics and Government in Byzantium: The Rise and Fall of the Bureaucrats

Politics and Government in Byzantium: The Rise and Fall of the Bureaucrats

Politics and Government in Byzantium: The Rise and Fall of the Bureaucrats

Politics and Government in Byzantium: The Rise and Fall of the Bureaucrats

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Overview

The eleventh century marked a turning point in the history of the Byzantine Empire. At its start Byzantium was the paramount power in the Mediterranean world, by turns feared, respected and admired. By the century's close the empire had lost half of its territory and had managed only a partial recovery under the leadership of the Komnenos family. How did a powerful and famously wealthy empire collapse so quickly?

The contemporary accounts of this turbulent 'long' century (taken here as c. 950–1100) attribute the empire's decline to the emperors' reckless and self-serving favouring of civilian bureaucrats and, while these sources are today widely acknowledged as biased and unreliable, modern assessments of the century have hitherto failed to suggest any tangible alternatives. To circumvent this dearth of archival material, Jonathan Shea has meticulously analysed 2,200 unpublished seals from the period (more than a third of the known total extant today) to uncover exactly whom the emperors were favouring and promoting, as well as developing a nuanced and revealing picture of the makeup of the much-chastised civilian bureaucracy. The sigillographic evidence is throughout measured against the written material to give a fresh account of this key transitional century and a rare insight into Byzantine politics.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780755601936
Publisher: Bloomsbury Academic
Publication date: 05/14/2020
Series: New Directions in Byzantine Studies
Pages: 272
Product dimensions: 6.14(w) x 9.21(h) x 0.62(d)

About the Author

Jonathan Shea is a teaching fellow at George Washington University and the head sigillographer at Dumbarton Oaks, in charge of their 17,000+ lead seals. He received his PhD from the University of Birmingham and has published in peer-reviewed articles and edited collections

Table of Contents

List of illustrations viii

Acknowledgements xii

1 Byzantium at the turning point 1

1.1 Byzantium in the eleventh century 2

1.2 Seals, coins and lists 6

2 The Byzantine bureaucrat 25

2.1 Piety and seals 25

2.2 Family names 29

2.3 Career bureaucrats 33

3 The rise of the civilians, c. 966-c. 1066 39

3.1 Changing with the times: The logothesia and the treasuries 41

3.2 Slipping backwards: The imperial chancery 69

3.3 Governing the capital 81

3.4 A new bureaucratic elite: The judiciary 91

4 The collapse of civilian government, c. 1066-c. 1133 125

4.1 Reform and consolidation: The logothesia and treasuries 126

4.2 The chancery: A part of the imperial household? 136

4.3 The administration of Constantinople: A steady decline 143

4.4 Falling from Grace: The judiciary 147

4.5 The end of civilian government 157

5 Changing priorities and an evolving government 161

5.1 The Byzantine hierarchy in the eleventh century 161

5.2 Increasing numbers and growing complexity 168

5.3 Imperial priorities 173

Appendix - chartoularioi, notarioi and logariastai 179

Notes 186

Bibliography 232

Index 245

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