Table of Contents
Get More (Free) Content viii
Part I Using This Book to Improve Your AP Score 1
Preview: Your Knowledge, Your Expectations 2
Your Guide to Using This Book 2
How to Begin 3
Part II Practice Test 1 7
Practice Test 1 9
Practice Test 1: Diagnostic Answer Key and Explanations 33
How to Score Practice Test 1 37
Part III About the AP Biology Exam 49
The Structure of the AP Biology Exam 50
How the AP Biology Exam Is Scored 50
Overview of Content Topics 51
Breakdown of Free Response Questions 54
How AP Exams Are Used 56
Other Resources 57
Designing Your Study Plan 58
Part IV Test-Taking Strategies for the AP Biology Exam 59
Preview 60
1 How to Approach Multiple-Choice Questions 61
2 How to Approach Free-Response Questions 73
3 Using Time Effectively to Maximize Points 79
Part V Content Review for the AP Biology Exam 83
4 Chemistry of Life 85
Elements 86
Subatomic Particles 86
Compounds 87
Water: The Versatile Molecule 87
Acids and Bases 89
Organic Molecules 90
Key Terms 104
Chapter 4 Drill 105
5 Cell Structure and Function 109
Living Things 110
Types of Cells and Organelles 111
Transport: Traffic Across Membranes 118
Key Terms 124
Chapter 5 Drill 125
6 Cellular Energetics 129
Bioenergetics 130
Enzymes 132
Reaction Coupling and ATP 136
Photosynthesis 137
The Light Reactions 140
Cellular Respiration 143
Key Terms 150
Chapter 6 Drill 151
7 Cell Communication and Cell Cycle 157
Cell Communication 158
The Cell Cycle 162
Interphase: The Growing Phase 163
Mitosis: The Dance of the Chromosomes 165
Key Terms 169
Chapter 7 Drill 170
8 Heredity 175
Haploids Versus Diploids 176
Gregor Mendel: The Father of Genetics 177
Non-Mendelian Genetics 183
Sex-Linked Traits 185
Environmental Effect on Traits 187
An Overview of Meiosis 188
Key Terms 194
Chapter 8 Drill 195
9 Gene Expression and Regulation 201
DNA: The Blueprint of Life 202
Genome Structure 205
DNA Replication 205
RNA 207
Translation 211
Regulation of Gene Expression and Cell Specialization 214
Mutations 217
Biotechnology 220
Key Terms 222
Chapter 9 Drill 223
10 Natural Selection 229
Natural Selection 230
Common Ancestry 233
Genetic Variability 234
Causes of Evolution 236
Species 238
Population Genetics 239
Origins of Life on Earth 241
Key Terms 243
Chapter 10 Drill 244
11 Ecology 249
Interacting with the Environment 250
Behavior 250
How Animals Communicate 252
Plant Behavior 254
Ecology 256
Population Ecology 261
Ecological Succession 263
Human Impact on the Environment 264
Key Terms 266
Chapter 11 Drill 267
12 Quantitative Skills and Biostatistics 273
Summarizing and Presenting Data 274
Types of Data 275
Types of Experiments or Questions 280
Probability 284
Hypothesis Testing 285
Key Terms 290
Chapter 12 Drill 291
13 Sample Free-Response Questions 295
Section II: Free-Response 296
Scoring Guidelines 298
Sample Essays 299
How to Use the Sample Free-Response Questions 300
14 Laboratory 303
Lab 1 Artificial Selection 304
Lab 2 Mathematical Modeling: Hardy-Weinberg 305
Lab 3 Comparing DNA Sequences to Understand Evolutionary Relationships with Blast 305
Lab 4 Diffusion and Osmosis 306
Lab 5 Photosynthesis 306
Lab 6 Cellular Respiration 307
Lab 7 Mitosis and Meiosis 307
Lab 8 Biotechnology: Bacterial Transformation 308
Lab 9 Biotechnology: Restriction Enzyme Analysis of DNA 309
Lab 10 Energy Dynamics 310
Lab 11 Transpiration 310
Lab 12 Fruit Fly Behavior 310
Lab 13 Enzyme Activity 311
15 Chapter Drill Answers and Explanations 313
AP Biology Equations and Formulas 325
Part VI Additional Practice Tests 327
Practice Test 2 329
Practice Test 2: Answers and Explanations 347
Practice Test 3 359
Practice Test 3: Answers and Explanations 379
Practice Test 4 391
Practice Test 4: Answers and Explanations 417
Practice Test A online
Practice Test A: Answers and Explanations online
Practice Test B online
Practice Test B: Answers and Explanations online
