Principles and Practices of Commercial Construction / Edition 10

by Cameron Andres, Ronald Smith, W. Woods

Overview

A practical, well-rounded approach to modern construction principles and practices

Principles and Practices of Commercial Construction teaches students how to apply design theory to the construction process, providing crucial working knowledge for contractors managing subcontractors. Progressing from basic to advanced material, the text appears on the approved reference list for numerous states requiring contractors to pass licensing exams. Its flexible organization gives instructors the option of teaching each chapter on a standalone basis in a range of construction, architecture, and engineering courses. The 10th edition expands its discussion of practical applications in structural design projects and adds practice opportunities preparing students for licensing exams.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780134704661
Publisher:	Pearson Education
Publication date:	10/15/2018
Series:	What's New in Trades & Technology Series
Edition description:	New Edition
Pages:	560
Product dimensions:	8.50(w) x 11.00(h) x 1.10(d)

About the Author

Cameron K. Andres graduated from the University of Manitoba (1966) with a B Sc in Civil Engineering and then worked as a structural design engineer in Western Canada for nine years (1966 to 1975).

He taught at the Southern Alberta Institute of Technology, Calgary Alberta (1975- 2000) in the Civil Engineering Technology Program where he taught courses including strength of materials, structural design, concrete technology, and computer assisted structural analysis.  During this time, he earned a degree diploma (1990) in Adult Education from the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta.

In 1978 he co-authored the textbook–Masonry: Materials Design Construction, published by Reston Publishing.

He began the long association with Prentice Hall in 1986 by doing the third edition of Principles and Practices of Heavy Construction which was the precursor to Principles and Practices of Commercial Construction, 8^th Edition.

 Cameron Andres retired from teaching in 2000 and is presently living on Vancouver Island, British Columbia.

Read an Excerpt

The process of commercial construction brings together designers, engineers, project managers, fabricators, and site personnel, as well as heavy equipment, to build commercial buildings.

Many demands are made on the building process: (1) the project must be completed on time and on budget; (2) it must meet all relevant building codes and environmental concerns; and (3) it must function as intended. Although "form for function" does not fall within the scope of this text, it is important to acknowledge that a building should accommodate, enhance, and enliven its intended use.

A combination of time-honored building practices, space age materials, and computer-based design offers the construction industry an increasingly formula-based approach to construction. The use of standardized building elements such as joists, trusses, beams, concrete floor slabs, curtain walls, and entire building frames has directed the manufacture of preengineered building components, whether they are structural or not. Catalog selection of structural components and non-structural items offer a cost-effective solution for many owners. However, preengineered components increasingly challenge designers and site personnel to pay greater attention to detail.

As the construction process becomes ever more refined, it is essential that manufacturers, suppliers, designers, and contractors speak a common language. That language includes an understanding of common industry terms and definitions, the ability to read and interpret complex drawings and details, and a strong working knowledge of the complete building process. The language of construction also includes measurement of quantities. Measurementson the construction site must be within the allowable tolerances of the prefabricated items to ensure speedy assembly. Drawings, specifications, and details must be clear and accurate. Because the industry relies on both standard and metric units of measure, all construction personnel need to be well versed in both systems. To reinforce this need, the seventh edition of Principles and Practices of Commercial Construction provides material dimensions, tables, details, and worked examples in both standard and metric units.

When conditions and need dictate a custom approach, site personnel must be able to respond. The use of traditional materials, such as poured reinforced concrete, require skilled site personnel to plan, monitor, and execute the construction process in a timely manner. It is imperative that students entering the construction field as designers, project managers, and construction supervisors have an understanding of the complete construction process and an ability to meld traditional methods and materials with new concepts. Qualified tradespeople provide the expertise necessary to erect and assemble the structure; they too benefit from an understanding of the entire construction process.

The seventh edition of Principles and Practices of Commercial Construction continues in the same vein as the previous edition. It provides the reader with a complete overview of traditional concepts and practices as well as preengineered components that are used in the construction of commercial buildings. From building layout to exterior finishing, this edition describes and illustrates the various stages of the building process. New materials and new concepts are outlined throughout the text, introducing the reader to current practices in commercial construction.

Traditional materials used in the construction of the structural frame—timber, steel, and concrete—are described in detail. The physical properties of each material are discussed, and a description of the structural components made from each material is provided. Tests for quality control and proper methods of application for each material are also outlined.

In response to new ideas, materials, and innovations, diagrams have been revised and photographs have been added or changed throughout the seventh edition. Additional information has been provided on excavation wall bracing in Chapter 3, including guidelines for safe working conditions in trenches. In Chapter 5, additional information on soil stabilization and the use of mini piles has been added. Chapter 6 provides additional calculations of formwork to better illustrate the effects of concrete pressures within wall formwork of different heights. Chapter 7 provides additional information on concrete admixtures for concrete mixes, and Chapter 12 adds additional information on single-ply roofing membranes and insulation requirements for roofs. Chapter 15 revises the discussion on building insulation to reflect current theories and practices in building envelope construction; a discussion on construction sealants and adhesives has also been added. Chapter 16 includes additional information on stucco coatings and the use of wood siding. The discussion on thermal efficiency of windows has also been enhanced. Additional review questions have been added to Chapters 1, 2, 3, and 10.

It is hoped that students engaged in construction-related technologies and trade apprenticeship programs continue to find Principles and Practices of Commercial Construction a useful overview of the construction process. An instructor's manual is provided with answers to all review questions and suggestions for additional class exercises and group projects.

Table of Contents

1. The Practice of Commercial Construction

• The Construction or “Project Delivery” Team
• The Project Delivery Process
• The Contract for Construction
• Plans and Specifications for Construction
• Codes and Standards
• Development of Codes and Standards

2. Site Evaluation and Layout

• Site Evaluation
• Feasibility Evaluation and Land Development
• Revisiting the Construction Team
• Preliminary Investigation
• Nature of Soil
• Subsurface Sampling
• Surface Testing
• Secondary Investigation
• Surveying the Site
• Layout Before Excavation
• Foundation Layout
• Bench Marks and Deep Excavations
• Review Questions

3. Site Development and Services

• Pavements
• Curbs and Sidewalks
• Parking Areas
• Storm Drainage and Sanitary Sewers
• Lighting and Landscaping
• Review Questions

4. Excavations and Excavating Equipment

• Effects of Soil Types on Excavating Equipment
• Removing Groundwater
• General and Special Excavations
• Estimating Amount of Material to Be Removed
• Cranes
• Excavating Machines
• Trucks
• Choosing Excavation Equipment
• Protection of Excavations
• Excavation Wall Bracing
• Protection of Adjacent Buildings
• Rock Excavation
• Review Questions

5. Foundations

• Need for Deep Foundations
• Types of Piles
• Bearing Capacity of Pile Foundations
• Wood Piles
• Concrete Piles
• Steel Piles
• Composite Piles
• Pile Drivers
• Caissons
• Cofferdams
• Spread Foundations
• Slurry Wall Foundations
• Earthquake-Resisting Foundations
• Soil Enhancement for Foundations
• Review Questions

6. Formwork

• Form Materials
• Formwork Principles
• Concrete Pressure Calculations
• Formwork Design
• Footing Forms
• Wall Forms
• Slip Forms
• Construction Joints
• Control Joints
• Column, Girder, and Beam Forms
• Floor Forms
• Shoring and Reshoring in Multistory Structures
• Form Accessories
• Review Questions

7. Concrete Work

• Aggregates for Concrete
• Portland Cement
• Concrete Mix Design
• Tests on Concrete
• Preparation for Placing Concrete
• Mixing Concrete
• Machinery for Placing Concrete
• Concrete Transportation
• Placing Concrete
• Concrete Joints
• Finishing and Curing Concrete
• Hot Concrete
• Design of Structural Lightweight Concrete
• Review Questions

8. Reinforced Concrete Frame

• Principles of Reinforced Concrete
• The Reinforced Concrete Frame
• Reinforcing Steel
• Cast-In-Place Reinforced Concrete Structural Frame
• Precast Concrete Structural Frames
• Architectural Precast Concrete
• Tilt-Up Load-Bearing Wall Panels
• Review Questions

9. Structural Timber Frame

• The Structural Frame
• Timber Connectors
• Wood Columns
• Wood Beams
• Floor and Roof Decks
• Glued-Laminated Timber
• Connections for Glulam Beams and Arches
• Parallel-Strand Lumber
• Plywood Structures
• Termite Control for Wood Buildings
• Review Questions

10. Structural Steel Frame

• Structural Steel Properties and Shapes
• Planning for the Structural Steel Frame
• Principles of Structural Steel Frames
• Structural Steel Frame Components
• Connecting Structural Steel Sections
• Structural Steel Fabrication
• Structural Steel Site Work and Erection
• Review Questions

11. Floor Systems and Industrial Flooring

• Timber Subfloors
• Concrete Subfloors
• Floor Slab Forms and Work
• Industrial Floor Finishes
• Review Questions

12. Roof Systems and Industrial Roofing

• Roof Design Principles
• Structural Framing for Roofs
• Truss Roof Framing
• Alternative Roof-Framing Methods
• Roof-Framing Systems and Roof Styles
• Roof Decks
• Roof Membranes and Insulation
• Review Questions

13. Masonry Construction

• Building with Concrete Block Units
• Prefabricated Concrete Block Wall Panels
• Brick Construction
• Building with Stone
• Cold-Weather Masonry Work
• Review Questions

14. Curtain Wall Construction

• Masonry Curtain Walls
• Stone Panels
• Precast Concrete Curtain Walls
• Lightweight Curtain Walls
• Glass Curtain Walls
• Review Questions

15. Building Insulation

• Thermal Insulation
• Fireproofing
• Building Insulation
• Sound Insulation and Control
• Moisture Control
• Review Questions

16. Finishing

• Exterior Finishes and Facings
• Windows
• Interior Finishing
• Plastering
• Wall Tile
• Hardboard
• Gypsum Board
• Plastic Laminates
• Masonry Finishes
• Ceilings
• Stairs
• Review Questions

Preface

PREFACE:

PREFACE

Commercial construction can be defined as the combined effort of designers, project managers, fabricators, and construction personnel to build large structures with the aid of heavy equipment. The whole process must be done within a predetermined length of time, by using the best possible combination of materials and construction methods, meeting all relevant building code and environmental concerns, and maintaining budget constraints.

From the above definition it becomes clear that the subject matter dealing with commercial construction includes a wide and varied range of topics. ;Each project must be thoroughly analyzed from beginning to end by the project management team. Each stage of the project, such as site evaluation and excavation, structural design, fabrication, and the actual construction must be broken down into manageable quantities since each area of the construction process has its own requirements. Based on the precedent set in the first five editions, the sixth edition of Principles and Practices of Commercial Construction concentrates on the practical aspects of the construction process, primarily the basic construction methods, equipment, and materials used in the instruction of a large structure. To provide additional insight into these areas, formulas, tables, and sample calculations are provided. Chapters dealing with topics in formwork, concrete, steel, and timber frames deal with material application, fabrication, and erection—all guided by applied engineering fundamentals.

Any text dealing with technical topics involving measurements must address the issue of units. With much of theworldusing metric measurement, more and more structures are being planned and designed using this method of measure. In the construction industry, the manipulation and understanding of units of measure is crucial. However, not all manufacturing processes are totally metric and products are still being manufactured in standard units of measure (also known as imperial or customary units). Added to this, many people are more comfortable using the customary units than the metric system of measure.

A prime objective in the writing of the sixth edition was to provide tables and charts in both standard and metric units. As an example, Chapter 6, which deals with the topic of concrete formwork, has updated formwork tables as well as worked examples in both sets of units. Chapter 3, which deals with heavy equipment production capacities, has tables and worked examples in both standard and metric units.

Since each system has its own idiosyncrasies, the approach taken in this sixth edition is to provide the standard units first and the equivalent metric unit in parentheses. This approach has been adopted in the dimensioning of material section sizes in the illustrations as well as in the text. In keeping with the practical aspects of the construction process, conversion from one set of units to another is based on typical construction applications. This is most noticeable in the chapters dealing with wood products, where sizes in standard units are based on nominal dimensions while sizes given in metric are based on actual dimensions.

Students enrolled in programs such as construction technology, architectural technology, and civil engineering technology at the college level as well as individuals in the construction trades will find the sixth edition of Principles and Practices of Commercial Construction a valuable source of practical information when learning about construction topics. To further enhance the learning process, where possible, photographs and detail drawings have been provided to help illustrate the concepts being discussed.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The writing and publishing of any text requires the combined talents of many people. In a text dealing with broad subject matter such as commercial construction, material is drawn from many sources as well as from personal experience. Industry-related organizations are always most gracious in providing information on current practices, facts, and figures. In dealing with the revisions for the sixth edition of Principles and Practices o f Commercial Construction, I wish to thank the professionals at the American Concrete Institute, the American Institute of Steel Construction, and the Canadian Institute of Steel Construction for their invaluable contributions. As in past editions, their willingness to contribute tables and details for the sixth edition has allowed the author to provide relevant and current material for the reader.

At this time, I wish to thank the editors and production staff at Prentice Hall. Their dedication, foresight, expertise, and guidance over the years has been a source of inspiration to the authors. Last but not least, I wish to thank the reviewers who have given their valuable time in reviewing the manuscript: David L. Barie, East Carolina University; Constantine A. Ciesielski, East Carolina University; Burl George, Bradley University, and Chris Ray, Purdue University. Their comments and suggestions have been relevant, thought provoking, and constructive.

Cameron K. Andres, P. Eng.
Calgary, Alberta
Canada

Editorial Reviews

This textbook concentrates on the basic methods, equipment, and materials used in the construction of a large structure. The sixth edition provides tables and charts in both standard and metric units. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

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